scholarly journals EXAMES DE INVESTIGAÇÃO PRECOCE DO CÂNCER DE COLO UTERINO: UMA REVISÃO LITERÁRIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Cristina Reis Ferreira ◽  
Giovana Rodrigues Santos ◽  
Alan Kornin ◽  
Adriano Rocha Alencar
Keyword(s):  

Introdução: O câncer de colo uterino está relacionado principalmente as alterações causadas por subtipos oncogênicos do papilomavírus humano (HPV). Os subtipos 16 e 18 estão envolvidos em 70% dos casos. Essa patologia apresenta considerável impacto na população feminina, pois, no Brasil, é o quarto mais incidente em causa de mortalidade e também ocupa a quarta posição em incidência ao nível mundial. Objetivos: analisar meios de investigação precoce do câncer de colo uterino no intuito de prevenir morbidade e mortalidade. Material e Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica de natureza qualitativa e de caráter exploratório na base de dados Pubmed e Scielo utilizando os descritores neoplasias do colo do útero, técnicas e procedimentos diagnósticos. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos. Resultados: Os métodos de investigação precoce do câncer de colo uterino encontrados foram papanicolau, HPV testing e careHPV testing system. O método mais utilizado é o teste de rastreamento Papanicolau, analisa possíveis anormalidades celulares na junção escamocolunar do colo uterino, apresentando sensibilidade aproximadamente de 98% e sensibilidade de 55 a 80% na detecção de câncer invasivo e contribui para a redução das taxas de incidência e de mortalidade por meio do aumento da cobertura e da organização do programa de rastreio. O HPV testing realiza análise de DNA, importante na identificação dos tipos oncológicos, o uso combinado com Papanicolau aumenta a sensibilidade do exame e é recomendado pelo FDA em mulheres de 30 a 65 anos a cada 5 anos. O careHPV testing system analisa a reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), é mais fácil de aplicar, rápido e de menor custo. Conclusão: O câncer de colo uterino é uma neoplasia maligna que pode ser prevenida por métodos de investigação aplicados de forma adequada. Apesar do HPV testing e careHPV testing system serem encontrados nesta pesquisa como meios de detecção do patógeno causador da doença mais eficazes, o meio de investigação mais acessível à população geral no Brasil é o papanicolau. Entretanto, esse método de rastreamento encontra diminuição de eficácia em países com sistema de saúde precário.

1984 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Y. Sekita ◽  
T. Ohta ◽  
M. Inoue ◽  
H. Takeda

SummaryJudgements of examinees’ health status by doctors and by the examinees themselves are compared applying multiple discriminant analysis. The doctors’ judgements of the examinees’ health status are studied comparatively using laboratory data and the examinees’ subjective symptom data.This data was obtained in an Automated Multiphasic Health Testing System. We discuss the health conditions which are significant for the judgement of doctors about the examinees. The results show that the explanatory power, when using subjective symptom data, is fair in the case of the doctors’ judgement. We found common variables, such as nervousness, lack of perseverance etc., which form the first canonical axis.


1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Liu ◽  
Z. Wan ◽  
Z. Tian ◽  
X. Du ◽  
J. Jiang ◽  
...  

Abstract A fatigue testing system is established with which the real-time recording of stress, strain, temperature, and hysteresis loss of rubbers or cord-rubber composite specimens subjected to periodic loading or extension can be successfully carried out. Several problems are connected with the experimental study of the fatigue of rubber composites. In constant extension cycling, the specimen becomes relaxed because of the viscoelasticity of rubber composites, and the imposed tension-tension deformation becomes complex. In this method, the specimen is unlikely to fail unless the imposed extensions are very large. Constant load cycling can avoid the shortcomings of constant extension cycling. The specially designed clamps ensure that the specimen does not slip when the load retains a constant value. The Deformation and fatigue damage accumulation processes of rubber composites under periodic loading are also examined. Obviously, the effect of cycle frequency on the fatigue life of rubber composites can not be ignored because of the viscoelasticity of constituent materials. The increase of specimen surface temperature is relatively small in the case of 1 Hz, but the temperature can easily reach 100°C at the 8 Hz frequency. A method for evaluating the fatigue behavior of tires is proposed.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinh Thi Bac Binh ◽  
Dinh Thi Kieu Trinh

The International English Language Testing System (IELTS) is recognized as an accountable tool to assess whether aperson is able to study or train in English. Every year, thousandsof students sit for IELTS. However, the number of those who arerecognized to be capable enough to take a course in English issomehow limited, especially for those who are not major inEnglish at their universities.IELTS Reading is considered as a discerning skill and it is of theequal importance to listening, speaking and writing in obtainingthe objectives of IELTS of band 6 or 6.5. Being teachers of Englishat a training institution, the authors recognize that students canmake time-saving improvements in their reading command undertheir teachers’ insightful guidance.


2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 1293-1301
Author(s):  
Shigeki Watanabe ◽  
Mitsunao Ariji ◽  
Kazuo Kobayashi

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Chedhli Nighaoui

That standardized tests do not accurately assess the true competencies of minority test takers is a widely shared claim among conservative educationists. The opt-out-of-testing community has lately grown unprecedentedly vocal in several states, questioning even more seriously the accountability of the testing system altogether. This paper adopts a Critical Race Theory perspective to investigate the conceptual underpinnings of conservative criticism as well as the interpretations made popular using quantitative methodology. The key premise of this paper is that a colorblind approach to testing understates the importance of a range of unquantifiable variables, mainly the linguitic and cultural backgrounds of the test takers, in determining assessment outcome. It attempts to demonstrate where specifically standardized tests may not be used as a reliable feedback mechanism and suggests that a more flexible assessment paradigm be considered, one that engages learning quality followup to keep cultural bias to a strict minimum.          


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