scholarly journals Environmental monitoring and development of environmental protection measures in the conditions of the Ryazan region enterprise

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (45) ◽  
pp. 22-22
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  

Annotation Environmental monitoring allowed us to analyze the state of the environment and forecast the development of the situation. It included the control of natural and anthropogenic factors of various kinds. Environmental control allowed us to assess the ecological state of agricultural landscapes in the conditions of the NGO "Zarya" of the Ryazan district, the Ryazan region. The information obtained will reduce the anthropogenic pressure on the environment and the population, as well as optimize the use of non-renewable natural resources. Keywords: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING, ECOLOGY, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES, ENVIRONMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-127
Author(s):  
Sergey E. Khudyakov

Analysis of currently available data on the topic of agroecological monitoring of land resources and the inextricably linked assessment of agricultural landscapes revealed the main provisions of the content and technology of agroecological monitoring of land resources. The article reveals the main aspects of agroecological monitoring, in particular its essence and main tasks, which include the organization of a system of integrated observations of the state of land resources, as well as the assessment and forecast of changes in quality indicators under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors.


Author(s):  
T.V. Kornyushenko

Изучен характер изменений растительности в результате климатических осцилляций в среднем течении р. Раздольная и близлежащих водораздельных пространств, начиная с конца среднего голоцена и при неоднократной трансформации ландшафтов при сельскохозяйственном освоении. Развитие растительности проходило в контрастных климатических условиях, наиболее сильно изменялась увлажненность. Детально реконструкции проведены для последних 2 тыс. кал. л. Изучение споровопыльцевых комплексов позволило выделить шесть споровопыльцевых зон, а также определить специфику формирования палиноспектров, которые включают пыльцу и споры растений, произраставших на данной территории, и пыльцу, принесенную воздушными и водными потоками, в том числе древнюю из нижнемеловых и палеогеннеогеновых отложений. Разрезы включают погребенную почву, сформированную в засушливый период во второй половине позднего голоцена. В это время были широко распространены остепненные полынные, разнотравные луга и березовые редколесья. Климатические условия в конце VIIX вв. постепенно стали более теплыми и влажными. Снижение температуры при высоком увлажнении в малый ледниковый период с постоянным обновлением субстрата на пойме во время наводнений привело к увеличению площадей, занятых сообществами березы овальнолистной. В лесной растительности низкогорья увеличилось участие сосны густоцветковой и берез. Споровопыльцевые комплексы включают пыльцу темнохвойных, в том числе кедра корейского, принесенную во время наводнений из верховий бассейна. Слабо изученным вопросом является оценка воздействия человека на природную среду в средневековье и более ранние эпохи. Не всегда есть информация о том, какой природный облик имела растительность до преобразования в ходе хозяйственной деятельности. Район работ был выбран около Старореченского городища, что дало возможность оценить влияние природопользования во времена Бохайского государства на основе анализа споровопыльцевых комплексов. Проанализирована роль антропогенного фактора в развитии растительности во время заселения долины первопоселенцами XIXначала XX века и при развитии современных агрокомплексов.Studies of floodplain section provided materials for reconstructing a relative importance of natural and anthropogenic factors in the vegetation development in the Razdolnaya (Suifun) River basin near the Starorechenskoye site attributed to the Bohai culture. The transformation of vegetation in the middle reaches of the Razdolnaya River and surrounding areas was influenced by climate change, since the end of the middle Holocene, the impact on vegetation has increased under the influence of agricultural activities. Six pollen zones were distinguished. The studied sequences include a paleosol that developed during a prolonged period of drought at the 2nd half of the late Holocene. The period was noted for a wide occurrence of steppe and forb meadows with wormwood, and open birch forests. The climate became gradually warmer and more humid since the late 7th to 10th centuries. A decrease in temperature at a sufficiently high humidity in the Little Ice Age (the 13th 19th centuries) led to an increase in the areas occupied by the Betula ovalifolia communities. The pollen assemblages display an appearance of dark conifers and Korean pine pollen brought by floods from the upper reaches of the river. In Pinus densiflora and birches gained in importance in the forests of mountain. The recent pollen spectra are indicative of the wide development of agricultural landscapes. The anthropogenic influence to the vegetation was connected with Bohai settlers. The role of the anthropogenic factor in the development of vegetation during the settlement of the valley by the first settlers of the XIXearly XX century and the development of modern agrocomplexes is analyzed.


Purpose. Determination of informative value of types of bioindicators from a number hunting animals for the estimation of the ecological state of agricultural landscapes and level of transformation in them of biological variety.Methods. The field (noise tuning-up, rout); ecological-analytical, statistical, methods of matrix algebra. Results. It is set that in the conditions of Northern Azov region of Ukraine by key anthropogenic factors that determine the quantity of population : for a partridge grey is a structure of agricultural landscapes; for the European hare-hare - structure of sowing areas, quantity of predators and state of sunny activity. Considerable cross-correlation connection is first set between the quantity of populations of indicatory kinds and pesticide loading on territory as on regional, so on local levels. In the dynamics of populations of indicatory kinds found out the short and long waves of quantity. In the conditions of the pesticide pressure the most vulnerable is regulative influence of zoophages on consumers of more subzero orders. Therefore at megascopic pesticide loading regulative influence of predators will diminish on the row of representatives of phytophages, that explains the phenomenon of increase of quantity of some phytophages at general toxic impact from pesticides. Conclusions. A high closeness of population and thick infrastructural network are the substantial factors of transformation of biovariety within the limits of region. The general of biological variety in a region as very tense. The ecological ground of potential kinds-indicators allows on the basis of investigational conformities to law the dynamics of their populations of different level of spatial organization to offer the method of bioindication of ecological violations in agricultural landscapes. Thus the informing index of anthropogenic pressure is a current quantity of population of indicatory type of the field fowl.


Author(s):  
A. N. Kulichenko ◽  
Yu. M. Evchenko ◽  
G. A. Mozloev ◽  
M. P. Grigor'ev ◽  
L. V. Lyapustina ◽  
...  

Analysis of the long-term data made it possible to identify three periods of epizootic activity of the Central Caucasian high-mountain natural plague focus against the background of the overall downward trend. In the third period (2000-2010) the focus was shown to be under the intense negative influence of natural and anthropogenic factors that stipulated its depression. The natural factors were weather conditions unfavorable for life-sustaining activity of mountain ground-squirrels, the main plague carriers in this focus. Anthropogenic pressure over the focus manifested as follows. The quantity of cattle decreased, that resulted in decrease of territories of the mountain pasturelands, the natural habitats of mountain ground-squirrels. As areas suitable for life-sustaining activity of the mountain ground-squirrel populations reduced, the number of their settlements declined. With account taken for the effect of the anthropogenic influence stated above, short-term and medium-term prognoses of epizootic activity of Central Caucasian high-mountain natural plague focus indicate of rare non-intensive epizooties.


2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 1052-1056
Author(s):  
Elena V. Omelchenko ◽  
Ekaterina A. Trushkova

The article presents a methodology for expenses optimization in the implementation of measures to address the critical ecological situation in the Azov Sea area, describes the location of the unique natural site - the Sea of Azov, describes anthropogenic factors affecting the bio-productivity of valuable fish species, examines environmental protection measures and shows necessity of their practical application.


Author(s):  
H. B. Humeniuk ◽  
O. S. Voloshun ◽  
V. O. Khomenchuk ◽  
N. G. Zinkovska N. G. Zinkovska N. G. Zinkovska

Nowadays the majority of rivers in Ukraine in general and the Volyn region in particular are contaminated as environmental protection measures are not taken. The Turia and Prypiat Rivers also suffer from human activity. They have recently undergone considerable anthropogenic pressure, which caused water pollution with industrial, municipal wastewater, deterioration of water quality, overgrowth of the bed, flowering of water, etc. In this regard, the assessment of water quality is extremely important. Concentrations of nitrogen of ammonium nitrites in investigated reservoirs are within the limits of MPC. Targeted environmental assessment of the water quality of the Turia and Prypyat rivers has been carried out.


2014 ◽  
pp. 99-122
Author(s):  
M. Levin ◽  
K. Matrosova

The paper considers monitoring of environmental change as the central element of environmental regulation. Monitoring, as each kind of principalagent relations, easily gives rise to corruptive behavior. In the paper we analyze economic models of environmental monitoring with high costs, incomplete information and corruption. These models should be the elements of environmental economics and are needed to create an effective system of nature protection measures.


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