Supplementary material to "Lava flow hazard at Fogo Volcano, Cape Verde, before and after the 2014–2015 eruption"

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Richter ◽  
Massimiliano Favalli ◽  
Elske de Zeeuw-van Dalfsen ◽  
Alessandro Fornaciai ◽  
Rui Manuel da Silva Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Lava Flow Hazard ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Fogo Volcano

scholarly journals Lava flow hazard at Fogo Volcano, Cape Verde, before and after the 2014–2015 eruption

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Richter ◽  
Massimiliano Favalli ◽  
Elske de Zeeuw-van Dalfsen ◽  
Alessandro Fornaciai ◽  
Rui Manuel da Silva Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Lava Flows ◽  
Flow Simulations ◽  
Topographic Information ◽  
Lava Flow Hazard ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lava Flow Emplacement ◽  
Fogo Volcano

Abstract. Lava flow simulations help to better understand volcanic hazards and may assist emergency preparedness at active volcanoes. We show that at Fogo Volcano, Cape Verde, such simulations can explain the 2014–2015 lava flow crisis and therefore provide a valuable base to better prepare for the inevitable next eruption. In a rapid disaster response effort, we conducted topographic mapping in the field and a satellite based remote sensing analysis. We produced the first topographic model of the 2014–2015 lava flows from combined Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) and photogrammetric data. This high resolution topographic information facilitates lava flow volume estimates of 43.7 × 106 m3 (+/−5.2 × 106 m3) from the vertical difference between pre- and post-eruptive topographies. Both, the pre-eruptive and updated Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) serve as the fundamental input parameters for lava flow simulations using the well-established DOWNFLOW algorithm. Based on thousands of simulations, we assess the lava flow hazard before and after the 2014–2015 eruption. We find that, although the lava flow hazard has changed significantly, it remains high at the locations of two villages that were destroyed during this eruption. This result is of particular importance as villagers have already started to rebuild the settlements. We also analyse satellite radar imagery acquired by the German TerraSAR-X (TSX) satellite to map lava flow emplacement over time. We obtain the lava flow boundaries every 6 days during the eruption which assists the interpretation and evaluation of the lava flow model performance. Based on this, we discuss how our study can help improving the general understanding of basaltic lava flow behavior. Our results highlight the fact that lava flow hazards change as a result of modifications of the local topography due to lava flow emplacement, which implies the need for up-to-date topographic information in order to assess lava flow hazards. We also emphasize that areas that were once overrun by lava flows are not necessarily "safer", even if local lava flow thicknesses exceed the average lava flow thickness. Our observations will be important for the next eruption of Fogo Volcano and have implications for future lava flow crises and disaster response efforts at basaltic volcanoes elsewhere in the world.

scholarly journals Lava flow hazard at Fogo Volcano, Cabo Verde, before and after the 2014–2015 eruption

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1925-1951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Richter ◽  
Massimiliano Favalli ◽  
Elske de Zeeuw-van Dalfsen ◽  
Alessandro Fornaciai ◽  
Rui Manuel da Silva Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Flow Simulations ◽  
Cabo Verde ◽  
Topographic Information ◽  
Lava Flow Hazard ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lava Flow Emplacement ◽  
Fogo Volcano

Abstract. Lava flow simulations help to better understand volcanic hazards and may assist emergency preparedness at active volcanoes. We demonstrate that at Fogo Volcano, Cabo Verde, such simulations can explain the 2014–2015 lava flow crisis and therefore provide a valuable base to better prepare for the next inevitable eruption. We conducted topographic mapping in the field and a satellite-based remote sensing analysis. We produced the first topographic model of the 2014–2015 lava flow from combined terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and photogrammetric data. This high-resolution topographic information facilitates lava flow volume estimates of 43.7 ± 5.2 × 106 m3 from the vertical difference between pre- and posteruptive topographies. Both the pre-eruptive and updated digital elevation models (DEMs) serve as the fundamental input data for lava flow simulations using the well-established DOWNFLOW algorithm. Based on thousands of simulations, we assess the lava flow hazard before and after the 2014–2015 eruption. We find that, although the lava flow hazard has changed significantly, it remains high at the locations of two villages that were destroyed during this eruption. This result is of particular importance as villagers have already started to rebuild the settlements. We also analysed satellite radar imagery acquired by the German TerraSAR-X (TSX) satellite to map lava flow emplacement over time. We obtain the lava flow boundaries every 6 to 11 days during the eruption, which assists the interpretation and evaluation of the lava flow model performance. Our results highlight the fact that lava flow hazards change as a result of modifications of the local topography due to lava flow emplacement. This implies the need for up-to-date topographic information in order to assess lava flow hazards. We also emphasize that areas that were once overrun by lava flows are not necessarily safer, even if local lava flow thicknesses exceed the average lava flow thickness. Our observations will be important for the next eruption of Fogo Volcano and have implications for future lava flow crises and disaster response efforts at basaltic volcanoes elsewhere in the world.

scholarly journals Lava flow hazard modeling during the 2014-2015 Fogo eruption, Cape Verde

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 2290-2303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa Cappello ◽  
Gaetana Ganci ◽  
Sonia Calvari ◽  
Nemesio M. Pérez ◽  
Pedro A. Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Hazard Modeling ◽  
Lava Flow Hazard

Supplementary material to "Lava flow hazard map of Piton de la Fournaise volcano"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Oryaëlle Chevrel ◽  
Massimiliano Favalli ◽  
Nicolas Villeneuve ◽  
Andrew J. L. Harris ◽  
Alessandro Fornaciai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Piton De La Fournaise ◽  
Lava Flow Hazard ◽  
Supplementary Material

scholarly journals The fumarolic CO2 output from Pico do Fogo volcano (Cape Verde)

2020 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-340
Author(s):  
Alessandro Aiuppa ◽  
Ausonio Ronchi ◽  
Marcello Bitetto ◽  
Andrea L. Rizzo ◽  
Fatima Viveiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cape Verde ◽  
Co2 Output ◽  
Fogo Volcano

scholarly journals Retrospective validation of a lava-flow hazard map for Mount Etna volcano

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa Cappello ◽  
Annamaria Vicari ◽  
Ciro Del Negro
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Mount Etna ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Etna Volcano ◽  
Lava Flow Hazard

scholarly journals Engaging the Diaspora in Response to the 2014 Fogo Volcano Eruption in Cape Verde

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-186
Author(s):  
Elena Savoia ◽  
Leesa Lin ◽  
Noah Klein ◽  
Alberto Montrond
Keyword(s):  
Cape Verde ◽  
Volcano Eruption ◽  
Fogo Volcano

Palaeolithic Assemblages associated with Youngest Toba Tuff deposits from the Upper Gundlakamma river basin, Andhra Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
pp. SP515-2020-187
Author(s):  
Devara Anil ◽  
P. Ajithprasad ◽  
Mahesh Vrushab
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Climatic Impacts ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Human Colonization ◽  
Behavioural Adaptations

AbstractArchaeological and geological remains associated with the Youngest Toba Tuff (YTT) deposits in India are seen as significant proxies for reconstructing 1) Initial modern human colonization of India and 2) Possible climatic impacts of the Toba super-eruption of 74 ka on Indian climate and hominin behaviour. In order to gain further insights into the environmental impacts and behavioural adaptations of human populations in India before and after the Toba eruption, we investigated archaeological horizons associated with the Toba ash beds along the Gundlakamma basin in Prakasam District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Here, lithic artefacts were identified below and above the YTT deposits. The YTT deposits in the Gundlakamma river basin has a maximum thickness of 50 cm, comparatively thinner than those at the better investigated valleys of the adjacent Jurreru and Sagileru in Andhra Pradesh and the Son, Madhya Pradesh, India. Our surveys indicate that the Palaeolithic assemblages associated with YTT deposits from the Gundlakamma river basin can provide significant insights on the issues and debates surrounding the Toba archaeology.Supplementary material at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5729449

scholarly journals Exploring the links between volcano flank collapse and the magmatic evolution of an ocean island volcano: Fogo, Cape Verde

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélodie-Neige Cornu ◽  
Raphaël Paris ◽  
Régis Doucelance ◽  
Patrick Bachélery ◽  
Chantal Bosq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Instability ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Magma Storage ◽  
Ocean Island ◽  
Flank Collapse ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Low Frequency Instability

AbstractMass-wasting of ocean island volcanoes is a well-documented phenomenon. Massive flank collapses may imply tens to hundreds of km3 and generate mega-tsunamis. However, the causal links between this large-scale, low-frequency instability, and the time–space evolution of magma storage, crystal fractionation/accumulation, lithospheric assimilation, and partial melting remains unclear. This paper aims at tracking time variations and links between lithospheric, crustal and surface processes before and after a major flank collapse (Monte Amarelo collapse ca. 70 ka) of Fogo volcano, Cape Verde Islands, by analysing the chemical composition (major, trace elements, and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopes) and age-controlled stratigraphy (K–Ar and Ar–Ar dating) of lavas along vertical sections (Bordeira caldera walls). The high-resolution sampling allows detecting original variations of composition at different time-scales: (1) a 60 kyrs-long period of increase of magma differentiation before the collapse; (2) a 10 kyrs-long episode of reorganization of magma storage and evacuation of residual magmas (enriched in incompatible elements) after the collapse; and (3) a delayed impact at the lithospheric scale ~ 50 kyrs after the collapse (increasing EM1-like materiel assimilation).

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