A COVID-19 epidemic model predicting the effectiveness of vaccination

Mathematics in Applied Sciences and Engineering ◽

10.5206/mase/13889 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Glenn Webb

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Epidemic Model ◽

Infection Transmission ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Key Features

A model of a COVID-19 epidemic is developed to predict the effectiveness of vaccination. The model incorporates key features of COVID-19 epidemics: asymptomatic and symptomatic infectiousness, reported and unreported cases, and social measures that decrease infection transmission. The model incorporates key features of vaccination: vaccination efficiency, vaccination scheduling, and relaxation of socialmeasures that decrease infection transmission as vaccination is implemented. The model is applied to predict vaccination effectiveness in the United Kingdom.

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(Non)Participation in the Labour Market: Alternative Indicators and Estimates of Labour Reserve in United Kingdom Regions

Environment and Planning A Economy and Space ◽

10.1068/a300543 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 543-558 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A E Green ◽

C Hasluck

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Labour Market ◽

Labour Force ◽

Labour Force Participation ◽

Full Time ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Time Work ◽

Key Features ◽

Training Schemes ◽

The Unemployed

In the context of the continuance of mass high unemployment in the United Kingdom and considerable debate concerning the ‘real level’ of unemployment, the authors of this paper go beyond the official unemployment rate by focusing on the development of alternative indicators of labour reserve in the regions of the United Kingdom. They show how, on a step-by-step basis, successively ‘broader’ indicators of labour reserve (more specifically, those on government training schemes, various categories of those conventionally defined as economically inactive who would like a job, and those in part-time work because they could not find full-time employment) may be derived by means of data from the Labour Force Survey. They then go on to outline the key features of regional variations in the scope for additional labour-force participation. As labour supply is a dynamic concept, and the utilisation of the labour reserve implies transitions from unemployment and non-employment to employment, selected information on transitions between labour-market states and on the previous economic circumstances of the unemployed is presented. Some key features of the broad regional geography of those categorised as in employment, but ‘on the margins’ of the labour reserve, are highlighted also. Finally, the implications for policy of substantial labour reserves in many regions in the United Kingdom are explored.

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A COVID-19 Epidemic Model Predicting the Effectiveness of Vaccination in the US

Infectious Disease Reports ◽

10.3390/idr13030062 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 654-667

Author(s):

Glenn Webb

Keyword(s):

Epidemic Model ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

Infection Transmission ◽

The Us ◽

Key Features

A model of a COVID-19 epidemic is used to predict the effectiveness of vaccination in the US. The model incorporates key features of COVID-19 epidemics: asymptomatic and symptomatic infectiousness, reported and unreported cases data, and social measures implemented to decrease infection transmission. The model analyzes the effectiveness of vaccination in terms of vaccination efficiency, vaccination scheduling, and relaxation of social measures that decrease disease transmission. The model demonstrates that the subsiding of the epidemic as vaccination is implemented depends critically on the scale of relaxation of social measures that reduce disease transmission.

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27. Parliament and Devolution

Exploring Parliament ◽

10.1093/hepl/9780198788430.003.0027 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Cathy Gormley-Heenan ◽

Mark Sandford

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Northern Ireland ◽

Public Attitudes ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Division Of Powers ◽

Parliamentary Sovereignty ◽

Key Features ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

This chapter examines the relationship between the UK Parliament and the devolved legislatures established in Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. It first considers the impact of devolution on parliamentary sovereignty before discussing the establishment and development of the devolved parliaments in Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. It then describes the key features of those devolved institutions and the way in which Parliament's interactions with them have evolved since their inception, as well as the division of powers between the United Kingdom and devolved governments. It shows that the influence of Parliament on devolution in the UK has so far been marginal, and that these subtle changes in practices at Westminster point to Parliament as an increasing reflection of wider shifts in public attitudes about the relationships between the territories of the United Kingdom, especially after the Brexit referendum.

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