A retrospective evaluation of 51 cases of peripheral nerve sheath tumors in the dog

Fifty-one cases of canine peripheral nerve sheath tumors were reviewed. Signalment, presenting clinical signs, duration of clinical signs, physical and neurological examination findings, results of diagnostic procedures, type of surgery performed, tumor location, relapse-free intervals and survival times, and causes of death were evaluated. Tumors were divided into three anatomical groups: tumors involving nerves distal to the brachial or lumbosacral plexus (Peripheral Group), tumors involving nerves of the brachial or lumbosacral plexus (Plexus Group), and tumors involving the vertebral canal (Root Group). The most common clinical findings were unilateral forelimb lameness and muscle atrophy. The most useful diagnostic tests were myelography and electromyography. Although there was no significant difference, dogs in the Root Group tended to have shorter relapse-free intervals and survival times than dogs in the Plexus Group. The overall prognosis for surgical management of peripheral nerve sheath tumors is guarded to poor.

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Surgical Management of Sporadic Peripheral Nerve Schwannomas in Adults: Indications and Outcome in a Single Center Cohort

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13051017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1017

Author(s):

Julian Zipfel ◽

Meizer Al-Hariri ◽

Isabel Gugel ◽

Alexander Grimm ◽

Volker Steger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Nerve ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Complete Resection ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Neurological Deficits ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Surgical Interventions ◽

Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽

Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽

Nerve Sheath

Most sporadic peripheral nerve sheath tumors in adults are schwannomas. These tumors usually present with significant pain but can also cause neurological deficits. Symptomatology is diverse, and successful surgical interventions demand interdisciplinarity. We retrospectively reviewed 414 patients treated between 2006 and 2017 for peripheral nerve sheath tumors. We analyzed clinical signs, symptoms, histology, and neurological function in the cohort of adult patients with schwannomas without a neurocutaneous syndrome. In 144 patients, 147 surgical interventions were performed. Mean follow-up was 3.1 years. The indication for surgery was pain (66.0%), neurological deficits (23.8%), significant tumor growth (8.8%), and suspected malignancy (1.4%). Complete tumor resection was achieved on 136/147 occasions (92.5%). The most common location of the tumors was intraspinal (49.0%), within the cervical neurovascular bundles (19.7%), and lower extremities (10.9%). Pain and neurological deficits improved significantly (p ≤ 0.003) after 131/147 interventions (89.1%). One patient had a persistent decrease in motor function after surgery. Complete resection was possible in 67% of recurrent tumors, compared to 94% of primary tumors. There was a significantly lower chance of complete resection for schwannomas of the cervical neurovascular bundle as compared to other locations. The surgical outcome of sporadic schwannoma surgery within the peripheral nervous system is very favorable in experienced peripheral nerve surgery centers. Surgery is safe and effective and needs a multidisciplinary setting. Early surgical resection in adult patients with peripheral nerve sheath tumors with significant growth, pain, neurological deficit, or suspected malignancy is thus recommended.

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Clinical Signs of Neurofibromatosis Impact on the Outcome of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors

Oncology ◽

10.1159/000357137 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. 122-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

W. Lamm ◽

S. Schur ◽

W.J. Köstler ◽

P. Funovics ◽

R. Windhager ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Nerve ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽

Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽

Nerve Sheath

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Role of high-resolution ultrasound in detection and monitoring of peripheral nerve tumor burden in neurofibromatosis in children

Child s Nervous System ◽

10.1007/s00381-020-04718-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (10) ◽

pp. 2427-2432

Author(s):

Natalie Winter ◽

Maike F. Dohrn ◽

Julia Wittlinger ◽

Alexander Loizides ◽

Hannes Gruber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Peripheral Nerve ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Tumor Burden ◽

Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽

Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽

Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽

Nerve Sheath

Abstract Purpose Peripheral nerve sheath tumors are hallmark findings in neurofibromatosis types 1 and 2. With increasing size, they typically lead to neurological symptoms, and NF1 patients have a lifetime risk of 8–13% for developing malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Medical imaging is therefore highly needed for early detection and exact localization of symptomatic or potentially malignant tumors. This review will give an overview of the ultrasound characteristics of peripheral nerve sheath tumors and findings in patients with neurofibromatosis types 1 and 2. Methods A systematic search of electronic databases, reference lists, and unpublished literature was conducted including the keywords “schwannoma,” “neurofibroma,” “neurofibromatosis,” “benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.” Results The high-resolution allows a clear analysis of tumor echotexture, definition of margins, and the relation to the parent nerve. The use of color duplex/Doppler and contrast agent adds valuable information for the differentiation of benign and malignant tumors. Conclusion High-resolution ultrasound is a well-established, non-invasive, and easily repeatable first-line tool in diagnostic procedures of soft tissue tumors.

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Palliative Epineurotomy for Focal Radial Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in a Dog

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association ◽

10.5326/jaaha-ms-6336 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 52 (5) ◽

pp. 330-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Andrew David Gibson ◽

Emma Davies ◽

Ana Lara-Garcia ◽

Pilar Lafuente

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Nerve ◽

Radial Nerve ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Histopathological Analysis ◽

Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽

Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽

Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽

Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽

Deep Branch ◽

Nerve Sheath

ABSTRACT This case report describes the diagnosis of a peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the deep branch of the radial nerve distal to the elbow in a dog. The lesion was identified using computed tomography and ultrasonography and confirmed as sarcoma on histopathological analysis of incisional biopsies. Clinical signs dramatically improved following surgical biopsy before recurring three months later. Repeat epineurotomy of the deep branch of the radial nerve resulted in clinical improvement for a further month before signs once again returned. Epineurotomy as a palliative treatment for peripheral nerve sheath tumors has not been previously described, but may have a place in palliation of clinical signs in specific cases of peripheral nerve sheath tumors in which limb amputation is not an option.

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