scholarly journals Morpheme Position Coding in Reading Development as Explored With a Letter Search Task

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Jana Hasenäcker ◽  
Maria Ktori ◽  
Davide Crepaldi
Keyword(s):  
Search Task ◽  
Reading Development ◽  
Position Coding ◽  
Letter Search

scholarly journals Morpheme position coding in reading development as explored with a letter search task

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Hasenäcker ◽  
Maria Ktori ◽  
Davide Crepaldi
Keyword(s):  
Search Task ◽  
Reading Development ◽  
Adult Readers ◽  
Replication Crisis ◽  
Position Coding ◽  
Crisis In Psychology ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Processing Differences ◽  
Self Replication ◽  
Letter Search

Suffixes have been shown to be recognized as units of processing in visual word recognition and their identification has been argued to be position-specific in skilled adult readers: in lexical decision tasks suffixes are automatically identified at word endings, but not at word beginnings. The present study set out to investigate whether position-specific coding can be detected with a letter search task and whether children already code suffixes as position-specific units. A preregistered experiment was conducted in Italian in which 3rd-graders, 5th-graders, and adults had to detect a target letter that was either contained in the suffix of a pseudoword (e.g., S in flagish vs. flagosh) or in a non-suffix control (e.g., S in flagish vs. flagosh). To investigate sensitivity to position, letters also had to be detected in suffixes and non-suffixes placed in reversed position, that is in the beginning of pseudowords (e.g., S in ishflag vs. oshflag). Results suggested position-specific processing differences between suffixes and non-suffixes that develop throughout reading development. However, some effects were weak and only partially compatible with the hypotheses. Therefore, a second experiment was conducted. The effects of position-specific suffix identification could not be replicated. A combined analysis additionally using a Bayesian approach indicated no processing differences between suffixes and non-suffixes in our task. We discuss potential interpretations and the possibility of letter search being unsuited to investigate small processing differences. We connect our example of failed self-replication to the current discussion about the replication crisis in psychology and the lesson psycholinguistics can learn.

scholarly journals Your face scares me: Effects of Perceptual load and Social Anxiety on processing of threatening and neutral faces

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248733
Author(s):  
Marios Theodorou ◽  
Nikos Konstantinou ◽  
Georgia Panayiotou
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Search Task ◽  
Perceptual Load ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Performance Effects ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Letter Search

Social Anxiety Disorder is among the most widely studied psychiatric conditions. However, the role of attentional and emotional processes in the maintenance of the condition is still not well-established. This study addressed the impact of individual differences in Social Anxiety, by examining the effects of perceptual load and stimulus valence when processing faces vs objects, here used as distractors, within a letter-search task. In addition to RT and accuracy on the letter search task, heart rate, and skin conductance during the task and participants’ self-report emotional evaluation were assessed to help interpret performance effects. Results suggest that distractor stimuli that are either threatening or faces impair performance of high SA participants. Results demonstrate a hypervigilance for threatening faces in SA but indicate that this happens primarily when cognitive resources are available, that is, under low perceptual load.

Differences in the Processing of Prefixes and Suffixes Revealed by a Letter-Search Task

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 360-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Beyersmann ◽  
Johannes C. Ziegler ◽  
Jonathan Grainger
Keyword(s):  
Search Task ◽  
Letter Search

scholarly journals Congruency effects in the letter search task: Semantic activation in the absence of priming

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith A. Hutchison ◽  
Frank A. Bosco
Keyword(s):  
Search Task ◽  
Semantic Activation ◽  
Letter Search

scholarly journals The N400's 3 As: Association, Automaticity, Attenuation (and Some Semantics Too)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Michelle Buchanan ◽  
John E. Scofield ◽  
Nathan Nunley
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Response Latency ◽  
Search Task ◽  
Unrelated Word ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Latency Data ◽  
Search Tasks ◽  
Letter Search

The N400 waveform carries new insight into the nature of linguistic processing and may shed light into the automaticity of priming word relationships. We investigated semantic and associative word pairs in classic lexical decision and letter search tasks to examine their differences in cognitive processing. Normed database information was used to create orthogonal semantic and associative word relationships to clearly define N400 waveforms and priming for these pairs. Participants showed N400 reduction for related word pairs, both semantic and associative, in comparison to unrelated word pairs for the lexical decision task, indicating automatic access for both types of relatedness. For a letter search task, the N400 showed differences between nonwords and other stimuli but no attenuation for related pairs. Response latency data indicated associative priming in both tasks with semantic priming also found in the letter search task. These results help discern possible automatic and controlled processes occurring during these tasks, as the N400 may show automatic processing during the lexical decision task, while the response latency data may provide evidence for controlled processing during the letter search task.

It's a Letter Search Task...It's a Reading Task...No It's SuperMLE: A New Model of the Missing-Letter Effect

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Roy-Charland ◽  
Jean Saint-Aubin ◽  
Michael A. Lawrence ◽  
Raymond M. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Search Task ◽  
Reading Task ◽  
New Model ◽  
Letter Search
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