A REVIEW OF MEDICINAL PLANTS POSSESSING ANTIDEPRESSANT POTENTIAL

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (06) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
A. K. Dhingra ◽  
◽  
B. Chopra ◽  
R Dass ◽  
S. K. Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Full Remission ◽  
Dopaminergic Systems

Major depression is a debilitating disorder, predicted to be the second most prevalent human malady by the year 2020. Although a variety of chemical antidepressant remedies like tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are available, yet approximately 30% of depressed patients are resistant to the existing drugs and remaining 70% do not achieve full remission. Therefore, a constant urge continues for discovery of newer, better-tolerated and more efficacious treatments of depression, which include search for discovery of medicinal plants with potential antidepressant activity. The present paper discusses anti-depression potential of 70 medicinal plants with emphasis on their pre-clinical and clinical reports. Majority of plants shows antidepressant activity through serotonergic, noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems.

Panic in Australia

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (S2) ◽  
pp. 71s-74s
Author(s):  
GD Burrows ◽  
TR Norman ◽  
SR Ellen ◽  
KP Maguire ◽  
FK Judd
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Selective Serotonin ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
To Receive

SummaryPanic disorder is widespread in Australia, often in combination with other psychiatric conditions such as agoraphobia or major depression. Pharmacotherapy for panic disorder in Australia commenced with benzodiazepines, and later progressed to tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). More recently, treatment has moved towards use of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which are effective and better tolerated. Paroxetine is the first drug of this class to receive approval for treatment of panic disorder in Australia.

Switching Antidepressants vs. Conventional Augmentation Strategies

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (S4) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
George I. Papakostas
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Selective Serotonin ◽  
Augmentation Strategies ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Norepinephrine Reuptake

Antidepressants have been available since the 1950s, when the monoamine oxidase inhibitors were first discovered. Since then, our armamentarium of antidepressants has progressively expanded with the discovery of the tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) in the 1960s, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in the 1980s, and, subsequently, the serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and other agents possessing a diverse mechanism of action including buproprion, and mirtazapine.

Antidepressant Treatment of Psychotic Major Depression: Potential Role of the σ Receptor

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Selective Serotonin ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Psychotic Major Depression

AbstractPsychotic major depression is a severe condition that frequently proves difficult-to-treat. The most effective traditional treatments (electroconvulsive therapy and combinations of antipsychotics with tricyclic antidepressants) are associated with significant side effects, and the use of tricyclic antidepressants alone is largely ineffective. Recent evidence has indicated that the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, either alone or in combination with antipsychotics, may provide a desirable alternative to traditional treatments. Among selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, fluvoxamine has been the best studied and, somewhat surprisingly, has proven effective in several studies as a monotherapy without the need to combine with an antipsychotic. It is proposed that the apparent efficacy of fluvoxamine in psychotic major depression may be related to its unique property of high affinity for the σ1receptor, which is thought to play a role in psychosis and in the action of some antipsychotic drugs.

Abstract WP167: Effects of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors versus Tricyclic Antidepressants on Cerebrovascular Events

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jou Wei Lin ◽  
Chia-Hsuin Chang ◽  
Chin-Hsien Lin
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Adjusted Hazard Ratio ◽  
Selective Serotonin ◽  
Cerebrovascular Events ◽  
Reduced Risk

Background: The objective of this study was to examine the effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) versus tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) on cerebrovascular events in patients with depression or anxiety. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study in a nationwide population. The patients who started to take SSRIs and TCAs with a diagnosis of depression or anxiety between January 1, 2001 and December 31, 2009 were identified from the Taiwan National Health Insurance claims database. We examined the association between the two types of antidepressants and incidence of stroke using a proportional hazard model adjusted for risk factors for stroke. Results: Among of the 24,662 SSRI and 14,736 TCA initiators, the crude incidence rate for stroke was 10.03 and 13.77 per 100 person-years respectively. SSRI use was associated with a significantly reduced risk as compared with TCAs with the adjusted hazard ratio of 0.67 (95% confidence interval 0.47 to 0.96) in a dose-dependent manner. No significant effect modification was found among subgroups, such as hypertension, diabetes, previous cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The adjusted hazard ratio was 1.09 (95% confidence interval 0.65 to 1.85) for those aged more than 65 years, suggesting only a potential trend for a higher risk of stroke with SSRIs in the geriatric group. Conclusions: As compared with TCAs, the use of SSRIs was associated with a reduced risk for cerebrovascular events in a clear dose-response manner. Further researches are needed to examine the potential risk and benefit of SSRI use for patients with high risk of stroke.

Management of Depression, Part 2: Treatment Options

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Banov
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Clinical Depression ◽  
Depression Treatment ◽  
Norepinephrine Reuptake

Clinical depression is a commonly occurring and profoundly disabling condition that affects approximately 4%, or nearly 350 million people, worldwide according to the World Health Organization. Managing depression is challenging due to the marked variability in biological contributors, the heterogeneity of the illness, psychosocial history, current stresses exacerbating the condition, medical and psychiatric co-occurring conditions, lifestyle, and motivation and willingness to accept and engage in treatment recommendations. Mental health professionals such as master-level counselors, psychologists, or psychiatrists are specially trained to identify and treat depression; however, a significant amount of depression presents in primary care medical settings. This review covers treatment of depression with psychotherapy, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and antidepressant medication, as well as treatment course and long-term depression treatment. Tables list CAM depression treatments, nonnutraceutical CAM therapies, managing antidepressant side effects, tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, norepinephrine dopamine reuptake inhibitor, alpha2 antagonists, serotonin-2 antagonist/reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, food restrictions with monoamine oxidase inhibitors, managing partial response/treatment-resistant depression, and serotonin receptor modulators.   This review contains 15 tables and 98 references Key words: antidepressant medication, clinical depression, depression, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, nonpharmacologic depression treatment, omega-3 fatty acids, S-adenosylmethionine, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, St. John’s wort, tricyclic antidepressants

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