Management of Depression, Part 2: Treatment Options

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Banov
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Clinical Depression ◽  
Depression Treatment ◽  
Norepinephrine Reuptake

Clinical depression is a commonly occurring and profoundly disabling condition that affects approximately 4%, or nearly 350 million people, worldwide according to the World Health Organization. Managing depression is challenging due to the marked variability in biological contributors, the heterogeneity of the illness, psychosocial history, current stresses exacerbating the condition, medical and psychiatric co-occurring conditions, lifestyle, and motivation and willingness to accept and engage in treatment recommendations. Mental health professionals such as master-level counselors, psychologists, or psychiatrists are specially trained to identify and treat depression; however, a significant amount of depression presents in primary care medical settings. This review covers treatment of depression with psychotherapy, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and antidepressant medication, as well as treatment course and long-term depression treatment. Tables list CAM depression treatments, nonnutraceutical CAM therapies, managing antidepressant side effects, tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, norepinephrine dopamine reuptake inhibitor, alpha2 antagonists, serotonin-2 antagonist/reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, food restrictions with monoamine oxidase inhibitors, managing partial response/treatment-resistant depression, and serotonin receptor modulators.   This review contains 15 tables and 98 references Key words: antidepressant medication, clinical depression, depression, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, nonpharmacologic depression treatment, omega-3 fatty acids, S-adenosylmethionine, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, St. John’s wort, tricyclic antidepressants

Switching Antidepressants vs. Conventional Augmentation Strategies

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (S4) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
George I. Papakostas
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Selective Serotonin ◽  
Augmentation Strategies ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Norepinephrine Reuptake

Antidepressants have been available since the 1950s, when the monoamine oxidase inhibitors were first discovered. Since then, our armamentarium of antidepressants has progressively expanded with the discovery of the tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) in the 1960s, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in the 1980s, and, subsequently, the serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and other agents possessing a diverse mechanism of action including buproprion, and mirtazapine.

A REVIEW OF MEDICINAL PLANTS POSSESSING ANTIDEPRESSANT POTENTIAL

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (06) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
A. K. Dhingra ◽  
◽  
B. Chopra ◽  
R Dass ◽  
S. K. Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Full Remission ◽  
Dopaminergic Systems

Major depression is a debilitating disorder, predicted to be the second most prevalent human malady by the year 2020. Although a variety of chemical antidepressant remedies like tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are available, yet approximately 30% of depressed patients are resistant to the existing drugs and remaining 70% do not achieve full remission. Therefore, a constant urge continues for discovery of newer, better-tolerated and more efficacious treatments of depression, which include search for discovery of medicinal plants with potential antidepressant activity. The present paper discusses anti-depression potential of 70 medicinal plants with emphasis on their pre-clinical and clinical reports. Majority of plants shows antidepressant activity through serotonergic, noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems.

Panic in Australia

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (S2) ◽  
pp. 71s-74s
Author(s):  
GD Burrows ◽  
TR Norman ◽  
SR Ellen ◽  
KP Maguire ◽  
FK Judd
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Selective Serotonin ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
To Receive

SummaryPanic disorder is widespread in Australia, often in combination with other psychiatric conditions such as agoraphobia or major depression. Pharmacotherapy for panic disorder in Australia commenced with benzodiazepines, and later progressed to tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). More recently, treatment has moved towards use of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which are effective and better tolerated. Paroxetine is the first drug of this class to receive approval for treatment of panic disorder in Australia.

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors and Weight Gain

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 755-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Cantú ◽  
Joan S. Korek
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Relative Potential ◽  
Induce Weight Gain

Weight gain associated with antidepressant therapy is a common problem that often results in noncompliance. Some authors suggest that monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) are less likely to produce weight gain than tricyclic antidepressants. This paper addresses the relative potential for weight gain with the MAOI. Assessing the potential for antidepressant-induced weight gain necessitates separating the weight changes associated with alterations in mood disorders from those due to drug-induced alterations in appetite control. The mechanisms of appetite control are reviewed briefly followed by proposed mechanisms by which the MAOI may alter this control. A literature review suggests that phenelzine is the MAOI most likely to induce weight gain; reports of isocarboxazid-induced weight gain are less common. There are no cases of tranylcypromine-induced weight gain in the literature that are clearly associated with the drug. The MAOI probably have different effects on the mechanisms of appetite control.

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