Efeito de estimulantes comerciais na aclimatização de orquídeas Cattleya caulescens (Lindl.) Van den Berg (Orchidaceae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. V. PAZ ◽  
M. M. SOUZA ◽  
C. H. M. RIBEIRO ◽  
R. P. CARLOS ◽  
T. C. BONIFÁCIO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

As orquídeas são vegetais pertencentes à família Orchidaceae, que por apresentarem características marcantes, como o seu formato, tamanho e diferentes colorações das flores. Atualmente nota-se uma expansão em sua comercialização principalmente do gênero Cattleya caulescens, devido o interesse desde colecionadores até população em geral. Entretanto, é necessário métodos de propagação eficientes para a propagação da espécie, em larga escala, como por exemplo o método de micropropagação (cultivo in vitro). Porém, estudos com relação ao cultivo ex vitro, e utilização de fitoestimulantes comerciais é incipiente. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o desenvolvimento das plântulas, sob o efeito de produtos bioestimulantes, composto por 4 tratamentos e 9 blocos, sendo: (T1) – extrato de algas marinhas de Kappaphicus alvarez a 1,5% 150 mL de extrato para 850 mL de água; (T2) – Forth® 5 ml L-1; (T3) – Seacrop® a 1 ml L-1 e (T4) - cloridrato de Tiamina a 500 mg L-1. As plântulas selecionadas foram lavadas em água corrente e colocadas para secar em jornal por dois dias. Logo após colocadas em imersão por cinco minutos em cada solução nutritiva correspondente e plantadas em potes de polietileno. O Delineamento utilizado foi de Blocos Casualizados (DBC) e submetido ao teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade para comparação de médias. Sendo observado o Tratamento T3 (Seacrop®) foi o que proporcionou melhor enraizamento em comparação aos demais como também melhor resultado de altura de plantas, número de folhas e de tamanho de raízes sendo o mais indicado para aclimatização de plântulas de orquídeas.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Carlos Iván Espinosa ◽  
Gabriel Ríos
Keyword(s):  

El uso de herramientas biotecnológicas como la micropropagación se constituye en una alternativa de reproducción de especies amenazadas y con tamaños poblacionales reducidos. Sin embargo, uno de los problemas críticos en el uso de la micropropagación como herramienta de reproducción es la calidad de las plántulas resultantes en cuanto a su crecimiento y vigor. En el presente trabajo se evalua los efectos de la micropropagación sobre los patrones de crecimiento y sobrevivencia de plán­tulas in vitro de Cinchona officinalis L., una especie que ha sido fuertemente impactada por procesos de tala dentro de bosques naturales durante la época de la colonia. Se realizó un monitoreo de un total de 120 plántulas in vitro y 1988 plántulas ex vitro por 8 meses a partir del último repique. Adi­cionalmente, en cada plántula se contabilizó la cantidad de brotes axilares. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron un efecto remanente de los procesos de micropropagación, los cuales inicialmente inciden en la cantidad de brotes de las plántulas y en el crecimiento; sin embargo, este efecto no influye de forma negativa en la sobrevivencia de las plántulas durante la fase ex vitro


2019 ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
T.M. Tabatskaya ◽  
N.I. Vnukova

A technique for the long-term (up to 27 years) in vitro storage of valuable birch genotypes under normal (25 °C, 2.0 klx, 16-h day and 8-h night) and low temperature (4 °C, 0.5 klx, 6-h day and 18-h night) growing conditions on hormone-free media has been described. The study explored for the first time the influence of different strategies to store the clones of Betula pubescens and B. pendula var. сarelica (6 genotypes) on the regenerative capacity of collection samples, adaptive potential of regenerated plants and plant production by the in vitro and ex vitro techniques. It was established that both storage strategies provided a persistently high survival rate (82-100%) and regenerative capacity of in vitro shoots (the multiplication coefficient of 4.2-6.3 and rhizogenic activity of 90-100%). The clones retained their characteristics of height growth under the in vitro and ex vitro conditions, and demonstrated intraclonal homogeneity and lack of signs of somaclonal variability. The plants showed substantial interspecific differences at the stage of multiplication and transfer to the greenhouse. The highest percentage of acclimated plants (75-98% depending on the clone genotype) was obtained after planting of micro plants straight in the greenhouse, which simplified the technology and made plant production less costly. long-term in vitro storage, birch, species, genotype, micropropagation, ex vitro adaptation, plant material


2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahipal S. Shekhawat ◽  
M. Manokari

AbstractHybanthus enneaspermusis a rare medicinal plant. We defined a protocol for micropropagation,ex vitrorooting of cloned shoots and their acclimatization. Surface-sterilized nodal segments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (Kin). Medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L−1BAP was found optimum for shoot induction from the explants and 6.4±0.69 shoots were regenerated from each node with 97% response. Shoots were further proliferated maximally (228±10.3 shoots per culture bottle with 7.5±0.43 cm length) on MS medium augmented with 1.0 mg L−1each of BAP and Kin within 4–5 weeks. The shoots were rootedin vitroon half strength MS medium containing 2.0 mg L−1indole-3 butyric acid (IBA). The cloned shoots were pulse-treated with 300 mg L–1 of IBA and cultured on soilrite® in a greenhouse. About 96% of the IBA-pulsed shoots rootedex vitroin soilrite®, each shoot producing 12.5±0.54 roots with 5.1±0.62 cm length. Theex vitrorooted plantlets showed a better rate of survival (92%) in a field study thanin vitrorooted plantlets (86%). A comparative foliar micromorphological study ofH. enneaspermuswas conducted to understand the micromorphological changes during plant developmental processes fromin vitrotoin vivoconditions in terms of variations in stomata, vein structures and spacing, and trichomes. This is the first report onex vitrorooting inH. enneaspermusand the protocol can be exploited for conservation and large-scale propagation of this rare and medicinally important plant.


2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Semoradova ◽  
H. Synkova ◽  
J. Pospisilova
Keyword(s):  

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 498-517
Author(s):  
Huda ElGwedy ◽  
Ali Abido ◽  
Mohamed ElTorky ◽  
Bothina Weheda ◽  
Moahmed Gaber

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Gallo ◽  
Aloisio Xavier ◽  
Luciana Coelho de Moura ◽  
Brener de Almeida Oliveira ◽  
Heloisa Rocha do Nascimento ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT This study aims to evaluate the effect of IBA concentrations and microcuttings successive collections in the micropropagation of Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla and Eucalyptus urophylla x E. globulus clones. Clumps containing six to eight buds of clones established in vitro were transferred to a 250 mL glass flask in JADS semisolid medium. Successive collections were performed every 20 days for Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla clone and every 30 days for Eucalyptus urophylla x E. globulus clone. The following variables were evaluated under in vitro conditions: number of shoots > 0.5 cm, number of microcuttings > 2 cm, length of the longest microcutting, and shoots vigor. Under ex vitro conditions, in the greenhouse and shade house, the following variables were evaluated: seedling height, percentage of survival, stem diameter, percentage of root observed at the lower end of the tube, and seedling vigor. In full sun (ex vitro), the following variables were analyzed: seedling height, stem diameter, survival, number of roots, root volume, seedling vigor, and shoot and root dry matter. Good in vitro microcuttings productivity was observed over the successive collections. IBA levels were adjusted for each clone, ranging from 0.25 to 0.50 mg L-1 for Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla clone, and from 0.75 to 1.0 mg L-1 for Eucalyptus urophylla x E. globulus clone. IBA concentrations led to residual effects under ex vitro conditions, providing good rooting and survival for Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla and Eucalyptus urophylla x E. globulus clones at IBA concentrations between 0.25 and 0.50 mg L-1 and between 0.50 and 1.0 mg L-1, respectively.


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