Production Improvement Efforts by Doing Condensate Trap from Gas Flare on EPF (Early Production Facilities)

The development of offshore fields using subsea drilling templates and tie-back equipment has become an accepted means of achieving early production.Using subsea templates for cluster drilling permits drilling development wells while platform and production facilities are being constructed. Therefore development drilling need not wait for platform installation. Accelerated development drilling means that production can begin very soon after the platform is installed over the subsea template wells.Necessary equipment includes subsea templates, subsea drilling equipment, jacket guidance equipment, and tie-back adaptors to the subsea wellhead housings and casing hangers.Three types of subsea templates used today are unitized, modular and spacer templates. Selection of the template is mainly dictated by water depth and number of wells.

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Assessing the Link Between Perception and Production in Cantonese Tone Acquisition

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2018_jslhr-s-17-0430 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

pp. 1243-1257 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Peggy Pik Ki Mok ◽

Holly Sze Ho Fung ◽

Vivian Guo Li

Keyword(s):

Language Acquisition ◽

General Principle ◽

Choice Task ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Tone Pair ◽

Tone Production ◽

Monosyllabic Words ◽

Early Production ◽

Forced Choice Task ◽

Production Accuracy

Purpose Previous studies showed early production precedes late perception in Cantonese tone acquisition, contrary to the general principle that perception precedes production in child language. How tone production and perception are linked in 1st language acquisition remains largely unknown. Our study revisited the acquisition of tone in Cantonese-speaking children, exploring the possible link between production and perception in 1st language acquisition. Method One hundred eleven Cantonese-speaking children aged between 2;0 and 6;0 (years;months) and 10 adolescent reference speakers participated in tone production and perception experiments. Production materials with 30 monosyllabic words were transcribed in filtered and unfiltered conditions by 2 native judges. Perception accuracy was based on a 2-alternative forced-choice task with pictures covering all possible tone pair contrasts. Results Children's accuracy of production and perception of all the 6 Cantonese tones was still not adultlike by age 6;0. Both production and perception accuracies matured with age. A weak positive link was found between the 2 accuracies. Mother's native language contributed to children's production accuracy. Conclusions Our findings show that production and perception abilities are associated in tone acquisition. Further study is needed to explore factors affecting production accuracy in children. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7960826

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