Glomus claroideum and G. spurcum, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) new for Poland and Europe, respectively

The ontogenetic development and morphological properties of spores of two species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) of the genus Glomus, G. claroideum and G. spurcum, are described and illustrated. Spores of the two species were not earlier found in Poland, and this paper is the first report of the occurrence of G. spurcum in Europe. In one-species pot cultures with Plantago lanceolata as the host plant, the mycorrhizae of G. claroideum consist of arbuscules, vesicles, as well as intra- and extraradical hyphae staining intensively with trypan blue. Glomus spurcum mycorrhizae were not recognized, because many attempts to establish one-species cultures of this fungus failed. Additionally, the distribution of both the fungi in the world is presented.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) associated with roots of Ammophila arenaria growing in maritime dunes of Bornholm (Denmark)

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae ◽

10.5586/asbp.2011.009 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 63-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Janusz Błaszkowski ◽

Beata Czerniawska

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Species Composition ◽

Host Plant ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Plantago Lanceolata ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Ammophila Arenaria ◽

Field Samples ◽

Pot Culture

155 rhizosphere soil and root mixtures were collected from under Ammophila arenaria colonizing maritime dunes of the island Bornholm (Denmark) to determine arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) of the phylum Glomeromycota co-existing with this plant. In the laboratory, each mixture was divided into two parts. One part was used to establish a pot culture with Plantago lanceolata as the host plant to initiate sporulation of fungi that had not produced spores in field conditions. In the second part, the numerical and species composition of the spore populations of AMF sporulating in the field was determined. Spores of AMF were found in 70 field-collected samples and 134 trap cultures. They represented 26 species and six undescribed morphotypes in six genera of the Glomeromycota. Of them, 20 species and three morphotypes in five genera occurred in the field, and 16 species and three morphotypes in five genera were found in trap cultures. The fungi most frequently revealed were members of the genus Glomus; a total of 17 species and six morphotypes of this genus were recognized. Considering the occurrence of spores in both field samples and trap cultures, the fungi most frequently co-occurring with roots of A. arenaria growing in the dunes of Bornholm were G. irregulare (present in 73.6% of samples), followed by Scutellospora dipurpurescens (19.4%) and Archaeospora trappei (10.3%). However, Glomus irregulare mainly sporulated in trap cultures; spores of this fungus were found in only 0.6% of field samples. Other relatively frequently found species were G. aggregatum (9.0%), G. eburneum (7.1%), Paraglomus laccatum (5.2%), and S. armeniaca (6.5%). The species most abundantly sporulating in the field were G. aggregatum (produced 28.36% of all spores isolated), G. badium (11.00%), and S. dipurpurescens (21.55%).

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Fatty acids in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are synthesized by the host plant.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.727697782.793545176 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ivo Feussner ◽

Till Ischebeck

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Host Plant ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal

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Evaluation of commercial composts and potting mixes and their ability to support arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with maize (Zea mays) as host plant

Waste Management ◽

10.1016/j.wasman.2021.08.018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 134 ◽

pp. 187-196

Author(s):

M.J. Salomon ◽

S.J. Watts-Williams ◽

M.J. McLaughlin ◽

C.J. Brien ◽

N. Jewell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Host Plant ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal

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Host plant benefit from association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: variation due to differences in size of mycelium

Biology and Fertility of Soils ◽

10.1007/s00374-002-0539-4 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 357-366 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Miranda Hart ◽

Richard Reader

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Host Plant ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal

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Decomposition rate of extraradical hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi decreases rapidly over time and varies by hyphal diameter and season

Soil Biology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.107533 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 136 ◽

pp. 107533 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Holger Schäfer ◽

Masako Dannoura ◽

Mioko Ataka ◽

Akira Osawa

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Decomposition Rate ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Extraradical Hyphae ◽

Hyphal Diameter ◽

Over Time

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of Macaranga denticulata Muell. Arg., and their effect on the host plant

Agroforestry Systems ◽

10.1023/b:agfo.0000024417.88703.65 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 239-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Somchit Youpensuk ◽

Saisamorm Lumyong ◽

Bernie Dell ◽

Benjavan Rerkasem

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Host Plant ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal

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Bacteria Associated with Spores of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Glomus geosporum and Glomus constrictum

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.71.11.6673-6679.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 71 (11) ◽

pp. 6673-6679 ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

David Roesti ◽

Kurt Ineichen ◽

Olivier Braissant ◽

Dirk Redecker ◽

Andres Wiemken ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Plantago Lanceolata ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Spore Wall ◽

Wall Layer ◽

Single Spore ◽

Bacterial Populations ◽

Glomus Geosporum

ABSTRACT Spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Glomus geosporum and Glomus constrictum were harvested from single-spore-derived pot cultures with either Plantago lanceolata or Hieracium pilosella as host plants. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that the bacterial communities associated with the spores depended more on AMF than host plant identity. The composition of the bacterial populations linked to the spores could be predominantly influenced by a specific spore wall composition or AMF exudate rather than by specific root exudates. The majority of the bacterial sequences that were common to both G. geosporum and G. constrictum spores were affiliated with taxonomic groups known to degrade biopolymers (Cellvibrio, Chondromyces, Flexibacter, Lysobacter, and Pseudomonas). Scanning electron microscopy of G. geosporum spores revealed that these bacteria are possibly feeding on the outer hyaline spore layer. The process of maturation and eventual germination of AMF spores might then benefit from the activity of the surface microorganisms degrading the outer hyaline wall layer.

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