scholarly journals Micropropagation of Plantago maritima L. - a vanishing species in Poland

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Andrzejewska-Golec ◽  
Joanna Makowczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

A vanishing species in Poland - <em>Plantago maritima</em> L. was regenerated in vitro from tips of shoots (obtained in vitro) and from different explants of 4-week-old seedlings: seedling tips, hypocotyls, cotyledons, roots. Murashige and Skoog basal medium, supplemented with 0.6 pM indole-3-acetic acid in combination with cytokinins 6-benzyladenine, zeatin or kinetin, was used. The plants obtained in the result of micropropagation were normal in appearence. It was proved that <em>Plantago maritima</em> species was amenable to propagation from different kinds of explants. The method may be of significance for protection of sea plantain.

scholarly journals SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS OF MUSSAENDA `QUEEN SIRIKIT'

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 251f-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Cramer ◽  
Mark P. Bridgen
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Embryo ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Callus Production ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Disinfected midrib sections of Mussaenda `Queen Sirikit' ≈3 to 4 mm in size were cultured on a basal medium of Murashige and Skoog salts and vitamins, 87.7 mm sucrose, and 5 g Sigma agar/liter supplemented with several concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (0, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 μm) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 25.0, 50.0 μm). Cultures were subculture onto the same treatment after 5 weeks and observed weekly for 15 weeks for the presence of somatic embryos. As somatic embryos were produced, they were subculture onto basal medium supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, or 25.0 μm BAP. Callus was first observed at 2 weeks in cultures grown on basal medium supplemented with 5.0–20.0 μm IAA and 0–50.0 μm BAP. Somatic embryos were observed at 8 weeks on basal medium supplemented with 5.0–10.0 μm IAA and 2.5–5.0 μm BAP. Callus cultured on 0–10 μm IAA and 5.0–10.0 μm BAP produced the greatest number of somatic embryos by 15 weeks. Somatic embryos subculture to basal medium supplemented with 25.0 μm BAP proliferated shoots, while eliminating BAP from the medium resulted in root and callus production. Shoots and entire plants were removed from in vitro conditions and successful] y acclimated to greenhouse conditions. Somatic embryo-derived plants flowered sporadically 25 to 35 weeks after removal from in vitro conditions. Variations in sepal number and leaf number per node were observed at 1% to 5%.

scholarly journals Poinsettia ‘Prestige™ Red’ (Euphorbia pulcherrima) In Vitro Propagation

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1126-1128
Author(s):  
Dinum Perera ◽  
Brian W. Trader
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽  
In Vitro Proliferation ◽  
Slow Growth Rate ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Slow growth rate of plantlets, few micro-shoots per explant, and slow root growth rate are restrictions of in vitro propagation of poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Koltz). The purpose of this research was to develop an efficient in vitro proliferation technique for poinsettia ‘Prestige™ Red’. Explants (apical buds and axillary buds) placed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium containing only 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and combinations of BA and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) mostly produced red callus, which is productive and some white and gray–green calluses at the base of plantlets after 1 month, whereas explants in a medium without plant growth regulators (PGRs) produced no callus. Addition of IAA into the rooting medium increased rooting efficiency; plantlets grown in half-strength MS salts and vitamins with 28.5 μM IAA initiated rooting 11 days earlier than the plantlets grown with no PGRs. Optimization of PGR concentrations during poinsettia micropropagation helped resolve previous restrictions of in vitro poinsettia proliferation. Chemical names used: 6-benzylaminopurine (BA); indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)

Histological study on the in vitro induction of vascularization in tobacco pith parenchyma

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Forest ◽  
Margaret E. McCully
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Bud Formation ◽  
Direct Addition ◽  
Pith Parenchyma ◽  
In Vitro Induction ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

The direct addition of indole-3-acetic acid and sucrose into sterile-cultured segments of tobacco pith via micropipettes has induced cell division and vascularization in a specific arrangement below the tip of the micropipette. The histology of this vascularization is described and it is shown that the orientation of the explant on the basal medium influences callus and bud formation.

scholarly journals Somatic Embryogenesis from Roots of Camellia japonica Plantlets Cultured in Vitro

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M. Vieitez ◽  
Carmen San-José ◽  
F. Javier Vieitez ◽  
Antonio Ballester
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Camellia Japonica ◽  
Secondary Embryos ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Somatic embryos were induced on the roots of Camellia japonica L. plantlets regenerated from an in vitro clone of juvenile origin. The embryos appeared to differentiate from epidermic cells and to be connected with the root via a few parenchymatous cells. Somatic embryogenesis occurred on basal medium and with or without various combinations of zeatin, BA, and IBA. Secondary embryos were induced on cotyledons and/or hypocotyl regions of somatic embryos. Two morphological types of somatic embryos were developed, seed-like and bud-like types, and their formation was influenced by the presence of BA in the medium. Embryogenic capacity has been maintained for more than 24 months by subculturing secondary embryos at 7- to 8-week intervals. The best gibberellin/auxin combination for inducing the germination of isolated somatic embryos was GA at 5 mg·liter-1 G A3 and IAA at 1 mg·liter-1. P1antlets were successfully established in planting medium and have continued to grow in a greenhouse. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purine-6-amine (BA); (1α, 2β, 4aα, 4bβ, 10β)-2,4a,7-trihydroxy-l-methyl-8-methylenegibb-3-ene-1,10-dicarboxylic acid l,4a-lactone (GA); 1 H -indole-3-acetic acid (IAA); 1 H- indole-3-butyric acid (IBA); 2-methyl-4-(1 H- purine-6-ylamino)-2-buten-l-ol (zeatin).

scholarly journals In vitro Micropropagation of Boswellia ovalifoliolata

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 505-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thummala Chandrasekhar ◽  
T. Mohammad Hussain ◽  
Boddu Jayanand
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Nodal Explant ◽  
In Vitro Micropropagation ◽  
Boswellia Ovalifoliolata ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

A protocol for micropropagation of Boswellia ovalifoliolata Bal & Henry (Burseraceae) was developed using cotyledonary nodal explant on Murashige and Skoog modified medium (MS). A comparative study of micropropagation with 6-benzyladenine, kinetin and thidiazuron along with 1-naphthalene acetic acid (0.054 μм) was conducted. The highest shoot multiplication (7.1 ± 0.2 shoots per node) was achieved in 50 d on MS supplemented with thidiazuron (2.72 μм). Excised shoot cuttings of 3.0 cm were placed on the MS basal medium supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-butyric acid alone and in combinations for rooting. Activated charcoal (100 mg l-1) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (40 mg l-1) were added to the medium to prevent browning of cultures. The regenerated plantlets have been successfully acclimatized and transferred to soil.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Acacia chundra (Roxb.) DC.

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rout G ◽  
K. Senapati S ◽  
S. Aparajeta
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Leguminous Tree ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Basal Salts ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

An <I>in vitro</I> propagation of an economic leguminous tree, <I>Acacia chundra</I>, has been standardized. Induction of bud sprout was obtained from shoot tip and nodal explants derived from <I>in vitro</I> grown plants of <I>A. chundra</I> on the Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) (1.0 mg/l) and 20 mg/l adenine sulfate (Ads). The rate of multiplication was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l BA, 0.01 to 0.05 mg/l (indole-3-acetic acid) IAA and 50 mg/l Ads. The multiplication rate varied from 3 to 6 shoots depending on the growth regulators used. Excised shoots were rooted on half-strength MS basal salts supplemented with 0.25 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or IAA and 20 g/l (w/v) sucrose after 10 to 12 days of culture. The micropropagated plantlets have been acclimatized and successfully transferred to soil.

scholarly journals The ectopic expression of Arabidopsis glucosyltransferase UGT74D1 affects leaf positioning through modulating indole-3-acetic acid homeostasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanghui Jin ◽  
Bingkai Hou ◽  
Guizhi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Leaf Angle ◽  
Kinase Substrate ◽  
Auxin Distribution ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Photosynthesis Efficiency ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

AbstractLeaf angle is an important agronomic trait affecting photosynthesis efficiency and crop yield. Although the mechanisms involved in the leaf angle control are intensively studied in monocots, factors contribute to the leaf angle in dicots are largely unknown. In this article, we explored the physiological roles of an Arabidopsis glucosyltransferase, UGT74D1, which have been proved to be indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) glucosyltransferase in vitro. We found that UGT74D1 possessed the enzymatic activity toward IAA glucosylation in vivo and its expression was induced by auxins. The ectopically expressed UGT74D1 obviously reduced the leaf angle with an altered IAA level, auxin distribution and cell size in leaf tissues. The expression of several key genes involved in the leaf shaping and leaf positioning, including PHYTOCHROME KINASE SUBSTRATE (PKS) genes and TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA, and PCF (TCP) genes, were dramatically changed by ectopic expression of UGT74D1. In addition, clear transcription changes of YUCCA genes and other auxin related genes can be observed in overexpression lines. Taken together, our data indicate that glucosyltransferase UGT74D1 could affect leaf positioning through modulating auxin homeostasis and regulating transcription of PKS and TCP genes, suggesting a potential new role of UGT74D1 in regulation of leaf angle in dicot Arabidopsis.

scholarly journals Role of Growth Regulators on In Vitro Callus Induction and Direct Regeneration in Physalis minima Linn

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sandhya ◽  
Rao Srinath
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Direct Regeneration ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Suitable protocol for induction of callus and regeneration was developed from different explants viz., node, stem and leaves in Physalis minima. MS basal medium supplemented with various concentrations (1.0-4.0mg/l) of auxins like 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins (0.5-1.5mg/l) like BAP or Kn were used. All the three explants responded for induction of callus, however stem explants were found superior, followed by node and leaf. Callus induction was observed in all the auxins and combination of growth regulators used with varied mass (2010±1.10) and highest percentage of callus induction was observed from stem at 2.0mg/l 2,4-D (90%) followed by NAA (70%) and IAA (50%). Organogenesis was induced when nodal explants were transferred on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D and Kn at various concentrations, maximum being on 2.0mg/l 2,4-D + 1.0mg/l Kn (90%). Regenerated shoots were elongated on 0.5mg/l GA3. The shoots were subsequently rooted on MS + 1.0mg/l IBA (95%) medium. Rooted shoots were hardened and acclimatized, later they were transferred to polycups containing soil, cocopeat and sand in the ratio 1:2:1.Keywords:Physalis minima, Node, Stem, Leaf, callus and growth regulators.

scholarly journals Effects of Variations in Hormonal Treatments Upon In vitro Regeneration Potential in Embryo Explants of Arenga pinnata

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-503
Author(s):  
Shamsiah Abdullah ◽  
Siti Nurain Roslan
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
In Vitro Method ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Hormonal Treatments

One of the challenges related to propagation of Arenga pinnata is its lengthy period of seed dormancy. In this study, in vitro regeneration was carried out to determine the effect of hormonal treatment on the embryo explant of Arenga pinnata. Embryos were surface sterilized and cultured into different media supplemented with various hormones concentrations and combinations. Each treatment contained of Kinetin (KN) hormone (1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg/l) and in combination with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg/l. The height of plumule and length of radical was observed and recorded. Treatment 8 (3 mg/ml KN + 0.1 mg/ml IAA) showed 59.09% in plumule height increment while treatment 4 (1 mg/ml KN + 0.3 mg/ml IAA) showed the highest radical increments with 93.62%. The knowledge gained in this study consequently helps us to better understand the role of KN and IAA in the in vitro regeneration protocol. Since in vitro method able to produce higher number of in vitro seedlings at one time, it is important to establish the in vitro regeneration protocol for this plant.

Characterization of the indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthetic pathway in an epiphytic strain of Erwinia herbicola and IAA production in vitro

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 586-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brandi ◽  
E. M. Clark ◽  
S. E. Lindow
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Enzyme Assays ◽  
Erwinia Herbicola ◽  
Iaa Production ◽  
Acid Pathway ◽  
Culture Supernatants ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

An epiphytic strain of Erwinia herbicola (strain 299R) synthesized indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) from indole-3-pyruvic acid and indole-3-acetaldehyde, but not from indole-3-acetamide and other intermediates of various IAA biosynthetic pathways in enzyme assays. TLC, HPLC, and GC–MS analyses revealed the presence of indole-3-pyruvic acid, indole-3-ethanol, and IAA in culture supernatants of strain 299R. Indole-3-acetaldehyde was detected in enzyme assays. Furthermore, strain 299R genomic DNA shared no homology with the iaaM and iaaH genes from Pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi, even in Southern hybridizations performed under low-stringency conditions. These observations strongly suggest that unlike gall-forming bacteria which can synthesize IAA by indole-3-acetamide, the indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway is the primary route for IAA biosynthesis in this plant-associated strain. IAA synthesis in tryptophan-supplemented cultures of strain 299R was over 10-fold higher under nitrogen-limiting conditions, indicating a possible role for IAA production by bacterial epiphytes in the acquisition of nutrients during growth in their natural habitat.Key words: indole-3-acetic acid, Erwinia, tryptophan, indole-3-pyruvic acid, nitrogen.

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