scholarly journals A unique case of Turner syndrome accompanying prolactinoma and unexpected elongated styloid process: Clinical and cone-beam computed tomographic features

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Burcu Evlice ◽  
Ufuk Tatli ◽  
Iffet Yazicioglu ◽  
Ahmet Evlice ◽  
Haluk Oztunc
Keyword(s):  
Turner Syndrome ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Elongated Styloid Process

scholarly journals Eaglov sindrom

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mladen Gasparini ◽  
Primož Praček ◽  
Jani Muha ◽  
Uroš Tomić
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Computed Tomographic Angiography ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Elongated Styloid Process ◽  
Eagle Syndrome ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomographic Angiography

Background: In the present article we present the characteristics of Eagle syndrome, which is an often overlooked cause of chronic pain in the neck and head. The syndrome is caused by the compression of an elongated styloid process on the adjacent cranial nerves or the carotid arteries. Since there are disparate data in the literature regarding the proportion of people with an elongated styloid process, we conducted a survey to determine the percentage of patients with an elongated styloid process in a group of subjects who underwent computed tomographic imaging of the neck vessels in our institution.Methods: We analyzed the images of 104 patients who were referred to our institution for computed tomographic angiography of the neck between the years 2014 and 2016. With the help of a software measurement tool, we determined the length of the styloid processes and compared the length of the processes on both sides and in both genders. Patients with an elongated styloid process were reviewed for any symptoms of Eagle syndrome.Results: The average age of the reviewed patients was 67.1 years. Both genders were equally represented (51 % men and 49 % women). The average length of the styloid process was 23.8 (7.0) mm, with 23 patients (22.1 %) having a styloid process longer than 30 mm. In one third of those patients the styloid process was elongated bilaterally. There were no differences in the average length of the styloid process between men and women and between the left and the right side. Among patients with an elongated styloid process, only one (4.3 %) had symptoms attributable to the Eagle syndrome.Conclusions: Eagle syndrome should be suspected in a patient with repetitive, dull pain in the throat and neck, which worsens during speaking, chewing or swallowing. The diagnosis is confirmed by computed tomography which could demonstrate an elongated styloid process and exclude other causes for neck pain. With regard to the results of our study, an elongated styloid process is found in a relatively high percentage of patients but the condition is only rarely symptomatic.

An overview of Eagle’s syndrome

2020 ◽  
pp. 204946372096974
Author(s):  
Emma Searle ◽  
Adrian Searle
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Eagle’S Syndrome ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Elongated Styloid Process ◽  
Pain Clinics ◽  
Stylohyoid Ligament

Eagle’s syndrome is a condition that typically does not present to pain clinics. It consists of an elongated styloid process greater than 25 mm and/or stylohyoid ligament calcification causing an unusual array of symptoms, relating to anatomical involvement. Multiple specialities may be involved with the diagnosis of this rare condition. Three-dimensional reconstructive computed tomographic (CT) scan remains the gold standard for diagnosis. Depending on the presenting symptoms, care should be directed to an appropriate specialist. Pain surrounding Eagle’s syndrome does not typically resolve using simple pharmacological methods. Eagle’s syndrome should remain a diagnosis to be considered when faced with non-resolving head/facial pain.

scholarly journals Cone beam computed tomographic evaluation of styloid process: A retrospective study of 1000 patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 210-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Donmez ◽  
Ozlem Okumus ◽  
Filiz Namdar Pekiner
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Radiographic Appearance ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Stylomastoid Foramen ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Natural Variations

ABSTRACT Objective: The styloid process (SP) is a bony projection, located just anterior to the stylomastoid foramen, the normal length of which is approximately 20–30 mm. The length of SP when exceeds 30 mm it is said to “elongated.” The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the prevalence of elongated SP (ESP) by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination in Turkish subpopulation and its relation to gender and age. Materials and Methods: This study analyzed CBCT of 1000 patients who were randomly selected to participate and were aged from 14 to 78 years. Any radiograph with questionable SP was excluded from the study. The apparent length and thickness of the SP were measured by two dental and maxillofacial radiologists. The ESP was classified with radiographic appearance-based morphology of elongation. The data were analyzed with the IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0. Results: The mean age of patients was 42.49 ± 14.83 years. The length of SP was measured over 30 mm in 151 patients (15.1%). A total of 151 CBCT showed ESP, of which 87 (57.6%) were noticed in males and 64 (42.4%) in female patients. The length of right-sided SP ranged from 30.05 to 85.49 mm and left-sided SP from 30.14 to 83.72 mm. Conclusion: CBCT is a valuable diagnostic imaging tool which makes accurate length measurements. It is important for the clinicians to be aware of natural variations of the SP whose clinical importance is not well understood.

scholarly journals The Use of Cone Beam CT(CBCT) in Differentiation of True from Mimicking Eagle’s Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5654
Author(s):  
Miloš Tijanić ◽  
Nikola Burić ◽  
Kristina Burić
Keyword(s):  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Conventional Radiography ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Radiological Diagnosis ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Eagle’S Syndrome ◽  
Maxillary Canine ◽  
Elongated Styloid Process ◽  
Radiological Images ◽  
Proper Diagnosis

Differentiation of true from mimicking Eagle’s syndrome based on conventional radiography is difficult; however, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images can contribute to proper diagnosis of mimicking Eagle’s syndrome. The aim was to study radiological images of a 37-year old female patient (patient #1), with chronic cervicofacial pain who underwent radiological diagnosis with a conventional panoramic machine; another 75-year old male patient (patient #2), with chronic oropharyngeal pain, underwent a radiological diagnosis with the CBCT machine, with a field of a view of 16 × 12 cm. Exposure factors were 120 kVp, 7 mA, with a 20 s exposure time of acquisition. The results show a panoramic image (patient #1) with a pathologically elongated styloid process 46 mm of length, which was surgically removed, releasing the patient from further pain episodes. CBCT acquisition (patient #2) showed an impacted left maxillary canine in the edentulous maxilla and a peculiar elongation of both stylohyoid complexes as impressive, “collar-like”, bilateral, elongated, multiple segmented, calcified stylohyoid complexes, without pressure on the vital neurovascular neck structures, mimicking true Eagle’s syndrome. The impacted maxillary canine was surgically extracted with a subsequent resolution of pain episodes and the cessation of neurological complaints. The conclusions suggest that the use of CBCT images can contribute to differentiating mimicking from true Eagle’s syndrome, which has been rarely reported in the literature.

Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Intracranial Physiologic Calcifications

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 510-513
Author(s):  
Seval Bayrak ◽  
Duygu Göller Bulut ◽  
Emine Şebnem Kurşun Çakmak ◽  
Kaan Orhan
Keyword(s):  
Cone Beam ◽  
Computed Tomographic
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