scholarly journals Eaglov sindrom

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mladen Gasparini ◽  
Primož Praček ◽  
Jani Muha ◽  
Uroš Tomić
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Computed Tomographic Angiography ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Elongated Styloid Process ◽  
Eagle Syndrome ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomographic Angiography

Background: In the present article we present the characteristics of Eagle syndrome, which is an often overlooked cause of chronic pain in the neck and head. The syndrome is caused by the compression of an elongated styloid process on the adjacent cranial nerves or the carotid arteries. Since there are disparate data in the literature regarding the proportion of people with an elongated styloid process, we conducted a survey to determine the percentage of patients with an elongated styloid process in a group of subjects who underwent computed tomographic imaging of the neck vessels in our institution.Methods: We analyzed the images of 104 patients who were referred to our institution for computed tomographic angiography of the neck between the years 2014 and 2016. With the help of a software measurement tool, we determined the length of the styloid processes and compared the length of the processes on both sides and in both genders. Patients with an elongated styloid process were reviewed for any symptoms of Eagle syndrome.Results: The average age of the reviewed patients was 67.1 years. Both genders were equally represented (51 % men and 49 % women). The average length of the styloid process was 23.8 (7.0) mm, with 23 patients (22.1 %) having a styloid process longer than 30 mm. In one third of those patients the styloid process was elongated bilaterally. There were no differences in the average length of the styloid process between men and women and between the left and the right side. Among patients with an elongated styloid process, only one (4.3 %) had symptoms attributable to the Eagle syndrome.Conclusions: Eagle syndrome should be suspected in a patient with repetitive, dull pain in the throat and neck, which worsens during speaking, chewing or swallowing. The diagnosis is confirmed by computed tomography which could demonstrate an elongated styloid process and exclude other causes for neck pain. With regard to the results of our study, an elongated styloid process is found in a relatively high percentage of patients but the condition is only rarely symptomatic.

High-Grade Stenosis of a Traumatic Brachiocephalic Pseudoaneurysm and the Change in Cerebral Blood Flow Assessed With Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound

2021 ◽  
pp. 154431672110023
Author(s):  
Winnie Nguyen ◽  
Tammy Albanese ◽  
Vanessa Tran ◽  
Anne Moore ◽  
Laligam Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Computed Tomographic Angiography ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Vertebral Arteries ◽  
Luminal Narrowing ◽  
Basilar Arteries ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomographic Angiography

This is a case report of a 35-year-old female pedestrian struck by a semi-truck. computed tomographic angiography (CTA) revealed a pseudoaneurysm at the proximal brachiocephalic artery measuring 1.8 cm in cranio-caudal length and 1.2 × 0.6 cm transverse. Just distal to the pseudoaneurysm, there was severe luminal narrowing caused by either a dissection flap or mural thrombus. Due to profound left-sided weakness, transcranial Doppler ultrasound was performed which demonstrated “hesitant” waveforms in the right middle cerebral and right vertebral arteries secondary to proximal obstruction. Hesitant waveforms display mid-systolic velocity deceleration and may also be referred to as the “bunny” waveform. Emboli monitoring of the right middle cerebral and basilar arteries were positive for active embolization

scholarly journals Carotid Cavernous Sinus Fistula with Contralateral Feed Not Diagnosed by Virtual Assessment or by Non-Invasive Vascular Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 712-716
Author(s):  
Edsel Ing ◽  
Felix Tyndel ◽  
Joyce Tang ◽  
Thomas R. Marotta
Keyword(s):  
Vision Loss ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Computed Tomographic Angiography ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Carotid Cavernous Sinus Fistula ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomographic Angiography ◽  
Ocular Signs

A 67-year-old woman had delayed initial diagnosis of her right low flow carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic due to difficulty detecting ocular signs via online virtual examinations. Her right eye conjunctival erythema and proptosis with medial rectus enlargement on computed tomography scan was initially misdiagnosed as euthyroid thyroid-associated orbitopathy without lid retraction. She developed vision loss, and increasing episcleral venous congestion and CCF was suspected. Computed tomographic angiography did not show an obvious fistula. Digital subtraction angiography revealed the right-sided low flow CCF, which was fed from vessels from the contralateral side.

scholarly journals Measurement of Length of Styloid Process by Orthopantomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
BR Sharma ◽  
S Singh ◽  
M Timilsina ◽  
P Sharma ◽  
K Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Oral Radiology ◽  
Eagle Syndrome

Background: Styloid process (SP) is an anatomical structure whose elongation is not well understood. Proper clinical and radiological assessment is needed to detect an elongated SP. Anatomical variation is also common. SP is said to be elongated if longer than 30 mm. Orthopantomogram (OPG) is also an imaging modality by which we can view SP. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the SP on OPG and identify eagle syndrome. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on archived OPG radiographs available in the Department of Oral Radiology, Gandaki Medical College Teaching hospital and Research Centre. These radiographs were from patients who were subjected to radiographic examination for other dental problems. The length of SP was measured on both sides using the measurement tool bars on the accompanying analysis software. Results: Average length of SP on males was 26.5 mm ±14.4 mm in right and 25.5 mm ±6.19 mm in left; and on females was 23.78 mm ±5.93 mm on right and 24.7 mm ±10.44 mm in left. Elongated SP was more on males compared to females. Elongated styloid process (ESP) was more prevalent in 21 - 30 years of age group, similarly unilateral and bilateral elongation was also predominant on males compared to females. Conclusion: OPG is also useful for detection of an ESP in patients with or without symptoms and helps to avoid misdiagnosis of tonsillar pain or pain of dental, pharyngeal or muscular origin as well as Eagle syndrome (ES).

A Rare Case of a Pedicled Mobile Thrombus in Right Atrium

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Li ◽  
Liping Chen ◽  
Xiumei Duan ◽  
Xiaocong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Right Atrium ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Computed Tomographic Angiography ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Atrial Thrombus ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Right Atrial Thrombus ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomographic Angiography

Pedicled mobile thrombus in the right atrium is an extremely rare condition. Here, we described a case of a 42-year-old male hospitalized with complaints of chest pain and hemoptysis. Computed tomographic angiography of the pulmonary artery showed signs of embolism, and thoracic echocardiography indicated a pedicled mobile cloudy echo in the right atrium, which was initially suspected to be a myxoma. However, it was confirmed to be a thrombus by histopathological examination. Postoperatively, the patient was treated with anticoagulant therapy comprising of low molecular heparin and warfarin, and the patient recovered well. Thoracic echocardiography performed 3 months after surgery ruled out any recurrence of right atrial thrombus.

scholarly journals Uncommon Cause of Paradoxical Embolism in a Case of Scimitar Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Fortune O. Alabi ◽  
Fred Umeh ◽  
Maximo Lama ◽  
Francis G. Christian
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Computed Tomographic Angiography ◽  
Paradoxical Embolism ◽  
Scimitar Syndrome ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return ◽  
Asymptomatic Adult ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomographic Angiography

Scimitar syndrome, a rare congenital cardiopulmonary condition, presents in both pediatric and adult populations as an anomalous pulmonary venous return of most of the right lung to the inferior vena cava. Recently, asymptomatic adult cases have been diagnosed with advances in imaging studies. We report the case of an asymptomatic 43-year-old male, with a complex variant scimitar syndrome diagnosed by computed tomographic angiography.

scholarly journals Elongated Styloid Process: Mapping the incidence in Greek population

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2.2) ◽  
pp. 7994-8000
Author(s):  
Vasilopoulos Anastasios ◽  
◽  
Tsoucalas Gregory ◽  
Thomaidis Vasileios ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Greek Population ◽  
Elongated Styloid Process ◽  
Stylomastoid Foramen ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Eagle Syndrome ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Right

Background: Styloid process (SP) is a needle shaped projection of the temporal bone, which lies in close proximity to several important anatomical structures of the head and neck. It attracts the attention of anatomists, otolaryngologists and head and neck surgeons, as an abnormally long SP is linked with a clinical condition known as Eagle Syndrome. There are numerous studies in the literature investigating morphometric characteristics of SP, including its length in different populations. The aim of this study is to investigate the incidence of SP elongation in Greek population and to construct an epidemiologic map showing the incidence of SP elongation across different regions of Greek territory. Materials and methods: Two hundred and nine skulls retrieved from cemeteries across Greece were meticulously examined. Ninety-four male skulls and one-hundred and fifteen females, all of Hellenic origin. SP length was measured from the lowest inner point of the surface between the SP and the stylomastoid foramen to its tip, utilizing a digital caliper and a steel wire. Data from this study were statistically analyzed and combined with data from other studies in Greek population in order to construct a detailed epidemiologic map. Results: The mean length was 27.26 ± 5.89 mm for the left and 27.84 ± 6.31 mm for the right SP. In males 36.4% of the left and 37.8% of the right SP were elongated. In females the incidence of SP elongation was 14.3% and 15.5% for left and right side respectively. Statistically significant association was observed between gender and SP length but not between age and SP length. Conclusion: This study enriches the literature by adding information about elongated SP incidence in Greek population. It reviews the existing studies about SP length in Greeks and presents an epidemiologic map showing the incidence of SP elongation across different regions in Greece. KEY WORDS: Skull, Eagle syndrome, Hellenic population, Elongated Styloid Process.

scholarly journals Styloid process elongation in a sample of Lebanese population: a consideration for the prevention of Eagle syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Aoun ◽  
Nour Srour ◽  
Abbass El-Outa ◽  
Ibrahim Nasseh
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Elongated Styloid Process ◽  
Lebanese Population ◽  
Eagle Syndrome ◽  
The Right

Background. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and patterns of styloid process elongation in a general Lebanese population sample. Methods. Digital panoramic radiographs of 489 Lebanese adults (218 males and 271 females, mean age of 47.56 ± 16.149) were included in this retrospective study. First, we screened for detection of elongated styloid process, then we analyzed these cases and classified the elongation types. Data obtained were transformed into SPSS v24 and descriptive and inferential analyses were done.  Results. In our sample, elongated styloid process was seen in 76 cases (15.5%) (45/271 women and 31/218 men). Despite no significant gender predisposition, females were slightly more affected than males (59.2% females to 40.8% males). As for the age, elongation was significantly more likely to be present at 45-64 years of age. The right side was slightly more affected than the left side (86.8% vs. 76.3% respectively), with type 1 elongation as the most common. Nevertheless, bilateral elongation was much more common than unilateral elongation (63.2%). Interestingly, females were more likely to suffer from bilateral elongation (64.58%) compared to men (35.41%). Conclusion. Elongated styloid process represents a common finding detected fortuitously on panoramic radiographs. Therefore, being a main feature in Eagle syndrome, dentists should be aware of this clinical entity and actively screen for it.

The Normal Anatomy and Variations of the Bronchial Arteries: Evaluation with Multidetector Computed Tomography

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Yener ◽  
Aysel Türkvatan ◽  
Gökhan Yüce ◽  
Ali Ümit Yener
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Artery ◽  
Computed Tomographic Angiography ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Normal Anatomy ◽  
Bronchial Arteries ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Road Map ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomographic Angiography

Introduction In this study, we aimed to reveal the normal anatomy and variations of the bronchial arterial system and to determine the sex distribution of these variations by retrospectively reviewing the images of patients who underwent thoracal multidetector computed tomographic angiography for various reasons. Materials and Methods Multidetector computed tomographic images of a total of 208 patients (151 men; mean age, 59 years) were retrospectively reviewed to assess the normal anatomy and variations of the bronchial arterial system. Results A total of 531 bronchial arteries (median, 3; minimum, 1; maximum, 5; mean, 2.5) were detected. The number (mean diameter) of the right bronchial arteries were higher than the left bronchial arteries (290 [1.43 mm] and 241 [1.26 mm], respectively; P < .05 for both number and diameter). The mean number (diameter) of the bronchial arteries were higher with men than with women (2.58 [1.45 mm] and 2.47 [1.32 mm], respectively; P < .05 for both number and diameter). The most common (24%) branching pattern was the combination of 1 right intercostal-bronchial trunk and 1 left bronchial artery, and, secondarily (13.46%), the combination of 2 right (1 intercostal-bronchial trunk and 1 bronchial artery) and 1 left bronchial arteries. Seventy-eight ectopic bronchial arteries were detected in 59 cases (28.3%). They most commonly originated from the aortic arch (37.2%), the descending aorta below the level of T6 (35.9%), or the aortic branches (16.7%). The number of right ectopic bronchial arteries was significantly higher than the left ectopic bronchial arteries (50 [64%] vs 28 [36%]; P < .01). The incidence of ectopic bronchial arteries was statistically higher with men versus women (45 [29.8%] vs 14 [24.6%]; P < .05). Conclusion The origins, numbers, diameters, and courses of the bronchial arteries can vary substantially among individuals. Multidetector computed tomographic angiography enables a detailed road map of the bronchial arterial system to interventional radiologists and thoracic surgeons.

scholarly journals Quantitative Evaluation of Coronary Plaque Progression by Computed Tomographic Angiography

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 312-319
Author(s):  
Xiujian Liu ◽  
Guanghui Wu ◽  
Chuangye Xu ◽  
Yuna He ◽  
Lixia Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Computed Tomographic Angiography ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Plaque Volume ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Luminal Area ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomographic Angiography

Understanding plaque formation in patients at risk for coronary artery disease—the leading cause of morbidity and death in the world—enables physicians to better determine whether and how to treat these individuals. We used computed tomographic angiography to quantitatively evaluate the progression of nonculprit coronary plaques along the full length of the right coronary artery in 21 patients with acute coronary syndrome. Each right coronary artery was analyzed in sequential, 3-mm-long segments, and the minimum luminal area, plaque burden, and plaque volume within each segment were evaluated at baseline and at 12-month follow-up. Serial remodeling of the right coronary artery was also evaluated. In total, 625 arterial segments were analyzed. At 12-month follow-up, the plaque burden had increased slightly by 0.34% (interquartile range [IQR], −4.32% to 6.35%; P=0.02), and the plaque volume was not significantly changed (0.33 mm3; IQR, −3.05 to 3.54; P=0.213). The minimum luminal area decreased 0.05 mm2 (IQR, −1.33 to 0.87 mm2; P=0.012), and this was accompanied by vessel reduction, as evidenced by negative remodeling in 43% of the 625 segments. We conclude that serial computed tomographic angiography can be used to quantitatively evaluate the morphologic progression of coronary plaques.

Cardiovascular Computed Tomographic Angiography as a Virtual Patient Avatar for Individualized Surgical Planning of Complex Anomalous Coronary Artery Anatomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-503
Author(s):  
Jerold S. Shinbane ◽  
Craig Baker ◽  
Farhood Saremi ◽  
Vaughn Starnes
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Computed Tomographic Angiography ◽  
Virtual Patient ◽  
Single Coronary Artery ◽  
Anomalous Coronary Artery ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Coronary Artery Anatomy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomographic Angiography ◽  
Anomalous Coronary

Cardiovascular computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) 3-D thoracic reconstruction can serve as a “virtual patient avatar” providing surgical views for approach to complex anomalous coronary artery anatomy. Images demonstrated a single coronary artery ostium arising from the right aortic sinus with trifurcation into a prepulmonic left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), an interarterial circumflex with a subsequent intraseptal course, and normal course of the right coronary artery. Virtual 3-D CCTA reconstructions were important to planning an incisional plane for surgical correction.

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