scholarly journals Context-SE: Conceptual Framework to Analyse Context and Provenance in Scientific Experiments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenita Ambrósio ◽  
José Maria David ◽  
Regina Braga ◽  
Fernanda Campos ◽  
Victor Ströele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Provenance Information ◽  
Software Ecosystem ◽  
Scientific Domain ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Scientific Experimentation ◽  
Scientific Experiments ◽  
Design Software

Managing contextual and provenance information plays a key role in the scientific domain. Activities which are carried out in this domain are often collaborative and distributed. Thus, aiming to examine and audit results already obtained, researchers need to be aware of the actions taken by other members of the group. Contextual and provenance information are essential to enhance the reproducibility and reuse of experiment. The goal of this work is to present a conceptual framework that provides guidelines capable of supporting the modeling of provenance and context in a software ecosystem platform to support scientific experimentation. Preliminary results are also presented when the proposed solution is used to design software ecosystem platform components.

scholarly journals Reactivity in social scientific experiments: what is it and how is it different (and worse) than a Placebo effect?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Jiménez-Buedo
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Placebo Effect ◽  
Placebo Effects ◽  
Causal Inferences ◽  
Scientific Experiments ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
The Many ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
In Virtue Of

AbstractReactivity, or the phenomenon by which subjects tend to modify their behavior in virtue of their being studied upon, is often cited as one of the most important difficulties involved in social scientific experiments, and yet, there is to date a persistent conceptual muddle when dealing with the many dimensions of reactivity. This paper offers a conceptual framework for reactivity that draws on an interventionist approach to causality. The framework allows us to offer an unambiguous definition of reactivity and distinguishes it from placebo effects. Further, it allows us to distinguish between benign and malignant forms of the phenomenon, depending on whether reactivity constitutes a danger to the validity of the causal inferences drawn from experimental data.

On the Anonymization of Workflow Provenance without Compromising the Transparency of Lineage

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Khalid Belhajjame
Keyword(s):  
Provenance Information ◽  
Workflow Systems ◽  
Workflow Execution ◽  
Scientific Experiments ◽  
Data Record ◽  
Single Data ◽  
Scientific Fields

Workflows have been adopted in several scientific fields as a tool for the specification and execution of scientific experiments. In addition to automating the execution of experiments, workflow systems often include capabilities to record provenance information, which contains, among other things, data records used and generated by the workflow as a whole but also by its component modules. It is widely recognized that provenance information can be useful for the interpretation, verification, and re-use of workflow results, justifying its sharing and publication among scientists. However, workflow execution in some branches of science can manipulate sensitive datasets that contain information about individuals. To address this problem, we investigate, in this article, the problem of anonymizing the provenance of workflows. In doing so, we consider a popular class of workflows in which component modules use and generate collections of data records as a result of their invocation, as opposed to a single data record. The solution we propose offers guarantees of confidentiality without compromising lineage information, which provides transparency as to the relationships between the data records used and generated by the workflow modules. We provide algorithmic solutions that show how the provenance of a single module and an entire workflow can be anonymized and present the results of experiments that we conducted for their evaluation.

scholarly journals BlockFlow: Trust in Scientific Provenance Data

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raiane Coelho ◽  
Regina Braga ◽  
José Maria David ◽  
Fernanda Campos ◽  
Victor Ströele
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Scientific Collaboration ◽  
Scientific Workflow ◽  
Collaborative Environments ◽  
Scientific Experimentation ◽  
Provenance Data ◽  
Scientific Experiments

In scientific collaboration, the data sharing, the exchange of ideas and results is crucial to promote knowledge and accelerate the development of science. Trust is extremely important in this context as well as reproducibility. Although in scientific workflow the provenance has been the basis for reproducibility, in collaborative environments it is necessary to ensure integrity and trustworthiness of this provenance data. One of the technologies that have emerged and can help to address these issues is blockchain. A blockchain-based provenance system for collaborative scientific experiments could lead to a trustworthy environment for scientific experimentation. In this vein, this paper presents the specification of an architecture, named BlockFlow, that provides trust for distributed provenance data.

BlockFlow: Trust in Scientific Provenance Data

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raiane Coelho ◽  
Regina Braga ◽  
José Maria David ◽  
Fernanda Campos ◽  
Victor Stroele
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Scientific Collaboration ◽  
Scientific Workflow ◽  
Collaborative Environments ◽  
Scientific Experimentation ◽  
Provenance Data ◽  
Scientific Experiments

In scientific collaboration, the data sharing, the exchange of ideas and results is crucial to promote knowledge and accelerate the development of science. Trust is extremely important in this context as well as reproducibility. Although in scientific workflow the provenance has been the basis for reproducibility, in collaborative environments it is necessary to ensure integrity and trustworthiness of this provenance data. One of the technologies that have emerged and can help to address these issues is blockchain. A blockchain-based provenance system for collaborative scientific experiments could lead to a trustworthy environment for scientific experimentation. In this vein, this paper presents the specification of an architecture, named BlockFlow, that provides trust for distributed provenance data.

scholarly journals Assessing effects of drought on tree mortality and productivity in European forests across two decades: a conceptual framework and preliminary results

2021 ◽  
Vol 932 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
Jan-Peter George ◽  
Mathias Neumann ◽  
Jürgen Vogt ◽  
Carmelo Cammalleri ◽  
Mait Lang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Forests are currently experiencing an unprecedented period of progressively drier growing conditions around the globe, which is threatening many forest ecosystem functions. Trees as long-living organisms are able to withstand drought periods. Our understanding on critical drought severity resulting in substantial decline in net primary productivity and/or eventually tree mortality is underdeveloped. A wide range of remote sensing products and ground observations, including information on productivity, tree vitality, climate, and soil moisture with high temporal and spatial resolution are now available. Linking these data sources could improve our understanding of the complex relationship between forest growth and drought. We introduce here a conceptual framework using satellite remotely sensed net primary productivity (MOD17A3 and MODIS EURO), ground observations of tree mortality (ICP level I survey data), soil moisture anomaly (Copernicus European Drought Observatory), and spatially-downscaled daily climate data for entire Europe. This unique analysis will enable us to test the influence of biotic and abiotic covariates such as tree age, stand history, and drought legacy using historic droughts for model development. This conceptual framework, as evident from the preliminary results shown here, can help anticipating the effects of future droughts and optimize global climate models considering drought effects.

Cognitive function synthesis: preliminary results

Kybernetes ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard A.J. Pounder ◽  
Ruel L.A. Ellis ◽  
Gerardo Fernandez-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Interface Layer ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Cognitive Architectures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Sparse Distributed Memory ◽  
Using Data

Purpose This paper aims to introduce the cognitive function synthesis (CFS) conceptual framework to artificial general intelligence. CFS posits that at the “core” of intelligence in hybrid architectures, “interdependent” cognitive functions are synthesised through the interaction of various associative memory (AM)-based systems. This synthesis could form an interface layer between deliberative/symbolic and reactive/sub-symbolic layers in hybrid cognitive architectures. Design/methodology/approach A CFS conceptual framework, specifying an arrangement of AMs, was presented. The framework was executed using sparse distributed memory. Experiments were performed to investigate CFS autonomous extraction, consciousness and imagination. Findings Autonomous extraction was achieved using data from a Wi-Fi camera with the CFS auto-associative AM handling “Sensor Data”. However, noise reduction degraded the extracted image. An environment, simulated in V-REP 3.3.1, was used to investigate consciousness and imagination. CFS displayed consciousness by successfully tracking/anticipating the object position with over 90 per cent congruence. CFS imagination was seen by its predicting two time steps into the future. Originality/value Preliminary results demonstrate the plausibility of CFS claims for autonomous extraction, consciousness and imagination.

The O–C diagrams of minor planets − a new approach to modelling the rotation

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
Gy. Szabó ◽  
K. Sárneczky ◽  
L.L. Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Error Analysis ◽  
Time Dependence ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Minor Planet ◽  
Minor Planets ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Ccd Observations

AbstractA widely used tool in studying quasi-monoperiodic processes is the O–C diagram. This paper deals with the application of this diagram in minor planet studies. The main difference between our approach and the classical O–C diagram is that we transform the epoch (=time) dependence into the geocentric longitude domain. We outline a rotation modelling using this modified O–C and illustrate the abilities with detailed error analysis. The primary assumption, that the monotonity and the shape of this diagram is (almost) independent of the geometry of the asteroids is discussed and tested. The monotonity enables an unambiguous distinction between the prograde and retrograde rotation, thus the four-fold (or in some cases the two-fold) ambiguities can be avoided. This turned out to be the main advantage of the O–C examination. As an extension to the theoretical work, we present some preliminary results on 1727 Mette based on new CCD observations.

Cyclic Evolution of Sunspots: Gleaning New Results from Old Data

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 163-165
Author(s):  
S. K. Solanki ◽  
M. Fligge ◽  
P. Pulkkinen ◽  
P. Hoyng
Keyword(s):  
Sunspot Number ◽  
Sunspot Cycle ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Butterfly Diagram

AbstractThe records of sunspot number, sunspot areas and sunspot locations gathered over the centuries by various observatories are reanalysed with the aim of finding as yet undiscovered connections between the different parameters of the sunspot cycle and the butterfly diagram. Preliminary results of such interrelationships are presented.

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