scholarly journals Vitamin K Deficiency and Vascular Calcification. Is There Any Evidence about Its Impact on Coronary Artery Disease?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoros Michailidis ◽  
Asterios Karakanas ◽  
Nikolaos Schizas ◽  
Petros Keryttopoulos

Nowadays cardiovascular disease remain globally the leading cause of mortality. Coronary artery disease is the predominant clinical entity related to fatal cardiovascular events, while its development is mostly associated with progressive atherosclerosis of the vessels combined with gradual vascular calcification. It is well described and understood that vascular calcification is strongly associated with the occurrence of CVD and increased mortality rates. Therefore, it is essential to understand the metabolic pathways leading to its formation in order to develop effective therapies. A group of vitamin-k dependent proteins seems to play a significant role on the prevention of the arterial wall. Several past studies have shown that in cases of vitamin-k deficiency the process of vessel calcification is accelerated. Vitamin-k depletion and high levels of uncarboxylated and dephosphorylated forms of the aforementioned proteins are considered as important factors that contribute significantly to this rapid progression. Promising studies are giving the stimulus for further research in the field of vitamin-k supplementation and the suspension of vascular calcification.

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 737
Author(s):  
Marko Kumric ◽  
Josip A. Borovac ◽  
Tina Ticinovic Kurir ◽  
Dinko Martinovic ◽  
Ivan Frka Separovic ◽  
...  

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is widely recognized as one of the most important clinical entities. In recent years, a large body of accumulated data suggest that coronary artery calcification, a process highly prevalent in patients with CAD, occurs via well-organized biologic processes, rather than passively, as previously regarded. Matrix Gla protein (MGP), a vitamin K-dependent protein, emerged as an important inhibitor of both intimal and medial vascular calcification. The functionality of MGP hinges on two post-translational modifications: phosphorylation and carboxylation. Depending on the above-noted modifications, various species of MGP may exist in circulation, each with their respective level of functionality. Emerging data suggest that dysfunctional species of MGP, markedly, dephosphorylated-uncarboxylated MGP, might find its application as biomarkers of microvascular health, and assist in clinical decision making with regard to initiation of vitamin K supplementation. Hence, in this review we summarized the current knowledge with respect to the role of MGP in the complex network of vascular calcification with concurrent inferences to CAD. In addition, we discussed the effects of warfarin use on MGP functionality, with concomitant implications to coronary plaque stability.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samer Al Said ◽  
Michael Ellscheid ◽  
Eleftherios T. Beltsios ◽  
Norbert Frey

AbstractThe prevention of atherothrombotic events is the primary goal in the treatment of patients with arteriosclerotic disorders. Despite recent improvements in the management of coronary artery disease (CAD) with revascularization techniques and antiplatelet therapy, some patients remain at risk of recurrent cardiovascular events. This could be related to additional thrombin generation. As a result, there has been interest in developing novel therapies to prevent thromboembolic events, targeting thrombin-mediated pathways. These include non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs). This article aims to summarize the recent clinical studies that investigated the role of NOACs in CAD.


Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 426-P
Author(s):  
YUQIAN BAO ◽  
YUN SHEN ◽  
XUELI ZHANG ◽  
YITING XU ◽  
QIN XIONG ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Cristina Vassalle ◽  
Sara Bianchi ◽  
Fabrizio Bianchi ◽  
Patrizia Landi ◽  
Debora Battaglia ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxin Li ◽  
Gholam R. Berenji ◽  
Wisam F. Shaba ◽  
Bashir Tafti ◽  
Ella Yevdayev ◽  
...  

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