scholarly journals Applying the Situational Theory of Publics to the first external voting process for Costa Ricans abroad: Lessons for international public relations and public diplomacy / Aplicación de la Teoría Situacional de los Públicos al primer proceso de voto en el exterior para Costa Rica: Lecciones para las relaciones públicas internacionales y la diplomacia pública

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Bravo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
International Public Relations ◽  
Situational Theory Of Publics ◽  
External Voting ◽  
Situational Theory

Defining Strategic Publics in a Networked World: Public Diplomacy’s Challenge at Home and Abroad

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy R. Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Stakeholder Theory ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Potential Usefulness ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Situational Theory ◽  
At Home

Summary This article addresses the issue of how strategic publics should be defined in public diplomacy. The article first reviews widely accepted theories of stakeholders and publics in business and public relations that help to explain the role and value of publics to organizations and provide alternatives for the conceptualization of strategic publics. It applies these concepts to public diplomacy in an effort to demonstrate their potential usefulness in identifying and prioritizing strategic publics at home and abroad. The article then suggests that although stakeholder theory and situational theory are useful tools for conceptualizing strategic publics in public diplomacy, these theories must be expanded to capture fully the complex nature of the contemporary diplomatic environment. An expanded framework that is based on networks of influence is suggested as an alternative for defining public diplomacy publics in a networked world.

Publics Approaches to Health and Risk Message Design and Processing

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Grunig ◽  
Jeong-Nam Kim
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Public Relations Practitioners ◽  
Situational Theory Of Publics ◽  
Communication Programs ◽  
Situational Theory ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Formal Communication

The concept of publics and related notions such as receivers, audiences, stakeholders, mass, markets, target groups, and the public sphere are central to any discussion of formal communication programs between organizations or other strategic communicators and the individuals or groups with which they strive to communicate. The concept explains why individuals and collectivities of individuals are motivated to communicate for themselves (to seek or otherwise acquire information), with similar individuals to form organized groups, and with formal organizations to make demands on those organizations or to shape the behavior of the organizations. Theories of publics originated in the 1920s as the result of debates over the nature of citizen participation in a democracy, the role of the mass media in forming public opinion, the role of public relations practitioners in the process, and the effects of communicated messages on publics, audiences, and other components of society. J. Grunig developed a situational theory of publics in the 1960s that has served as the most prominent theory of publics for 50 years, and J.-N. Kim and J. Grunig recently have expanded that theory into a situational theory of problem solving. These theories have been used to identify and segment types of publics, to explain the communication behaviors of those publics, to conceptualize the effects of formal communication programs, to understand the cognitive processes of members of publics, and to explain the development of activist groups. Other scholars have suggested additions to these theories or alternatives to more thoroughly explain how communication takes place between members of publics and to identify latent publics that are largely ignored in the situational theories.

Advancing the country image construct from a public relations perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Buhmann ◽  
Diana Ingenhoff
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Reputation Management ◽  
Country Image ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Central Target ◽  
International Public Relations ◽  
Stakeholder Behavior

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop and test a new model for the measurement of the constitution and effects of the country image as a central target construct in international public relations. Design/methodology/approach – The authors combine concepts from reputation management (Eisenegger and Imhof, 2008; Ingenhoff and Sommer, 2007), national identity theory (Smith, 1987), and attitude theory (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980) to derive a four-dimensional model, conceptualizing country images as stakeholder attitudes toward a nation and its state, comprising specific beliefs and general feelings in a functional, normative, aesthetic, and emotional dimension. Furthermore, the authors develop a path model to analyze the country image’s effect on stakeholder behavior. This model is operationalized and tested in a survey regarding the country image of the USA and its effects on travel behavior. Findings – Results show how functional, normative and aesthetic image dimensions vary in affecting the formation of the affective image component. It is also demonstrated how the affective image di-mension acts as a mediator in the image’s effect on stakeholder behavior. Practical implications – For international public relations and public diplomacy practice the developed model supplies a new approach for country image analyses which will serve and improve the development and evaluation of cross-national communication strategies. Originality/value – The paper introduces a new theory-grounded approach to clarify the dimensionality of the country image construct. It is the first to operationalize cognitive and affective dimensions of the country image by combining formative and reflective indicators in a mixed specified construct.

scholarly journals Public Diplomacy and Related Concepts from the Perspective of Lasswell’s Communication Model

JAHR ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-376
Author(s):  
Hasan Saliu
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Interdisciplinary Perspective ◽  
International Public Relations ◽  
International Image ◽  
Communication Approach

The purpose of this article is to explore the differences between public diplomacy and similar concepts that relate to the country’s international image. Concepts such as public diplomacy, traditional diplomacy, foreign policy, international public relations, propaganda, national branding, etc., are often seen as synonymous. A mere observation of these concepts is provided in the literature review. These concepts are elaborated based on the communication actors’ perspective, the inter-communicating parties, the message providers, the message recipients, and the mode of communication, whereas identifying the differences and distinctions between them is realized according to the Lasswell communication formula. The conclusions show that this communication approach provides more potential to identify the differences between these concepts as compared to the current approaches, which view them from an interdisciplinary perspective.

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