Sensitivity of Peripheral Blood Smear Review for the Diagnosis of Candida Fungemia

2007 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
John A. Branda ◽  
Mary Jane Ferraro ◽  
Alexander Kratz
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Technical Staff ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Blood Smear Examination ◽  
Yeast Concentration ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears ◽  
Blood Smear Review

Abstract Context.—Case reports have described detection of candidemia by examination of peripheral blood smears. It is unclear whether this method has wider applicability for early detection of fungemia. Objective.—To determine the sensitivity of smear review for detecting candidemia. Design.—Normal and cytopenic blood was spiked with increasing concentrations of yeast. Smears were prepared and reviewed by a pathologist and by technical staff. Staff members blinded to the purpose of the study first performed a routine slide review and then a targeted review for yeast. Results.—The pathologist detected isolated yeast forms at a concentration of 1 to 5 × 105 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL. When blinded to the purpose of the study, technical staff could detect Candida in most samples when the yeast concentration was 1 to 5 × 107 CFU/mL, but found it in only a small fraction of samples with lower concentrations. When asked to examine the smears specifically for yeast, they could detect it in most samples containing 1 to 5 × 106 CFU/mL. Conclusions.—Detection of candidemia by peripheral blood smear examination requires a yeast concentration of 1 to 5 × 105 CFU/mL or greater. This degree of fungemia is unusual; therefore, detection of candidemia by blood smear review will not be possible in most cases. Sensitivity of smear review for yeast detection is greatly increased if the microscopist is specifically directed to look for the presence of yeast.

scholarly journals Erythrocyte Morphology in Women of Reproductive Age (WORA) with Anemia

Biomedika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Alex Jekson Tukira ◽  
Lucia Sincu Gunawan ◽  
Edy Prasetya
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Erythrocyte Morphology ◽  
Smear Examination ◽  
Blood Smear Examination ◽  
Laboratory Technology

Anemia is a decrease in the number of erythrocytes in the blood circulation or the level of hemoglobin that is less than normal. The three major body mechanisms that cause anemia are excessive destruction of erythrocytes, blood loss, and decreased erythrocyte production. Based on the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2013, the prevalence of anemic women of reproductive age (WORA) aged 15-44 years in Indonesia was 35.3%. Anemia is classified based on the morphology of erythrocytes, including hypochromic microcytic, normocytic normochromic, and macrocytic. Erythrocyte morphology can be observed using peripheral blood smear examination. The objective of this study was to determine the morphology of erythrocytes in anemic women of reproductive age. This study belongs to descriptive research. The population of the study was 136 women of reproductive age, covering the students of D-IV in Medical Laboratory Technology at Setia Budi University. Forty-one respondents suffering from anemia were taken using a purposive sampling technique. The types of anemia were determined with examination using an Easy Touch hemoglobinometer with the Hb level of less than 12g/dL. Preparation of peripheral blood smear examination using EDTA venous blood and stained with Giemsa. Microscopic examination was performed with 1000x objective magnification. The peripheral blood smear reading showed the erythrocyte morphology that includes normocytic normochromic (38 samples or 93%), microcytic hypochromic (three samples or 7%), and poikilocytosis consisting of teardrop cells, target cells, ellipstocytes, and stomatocytes (five samples or 18%). Further study is required to investigate the correlation of erythrocyte index and peripheral blood smear in anemia.

scholarly journals Hematological and biochemical profile of person with macrocytic anemia in a tertiary health care centre of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1722-1727
Author(s):  
Rakesh Pathak ◽  
Sujata Pudasaini ◽  
Sushmita Ghimire ◽  
Anil Singh Basnyat ◽  
Anuj KC
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Macrocytic Anemia ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Blood Smear Examination ◽  
Red Blood Cell Indices

Background: Anemia is a nutritional problem worldwide with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality in all age groups. Macrocytic anemia often originates from abnormalities that impair the erythroid precursor maturation in the bone marrow. Since the clinical manifestations of different types of anemias are similar, hematological parameters including hemoglobin, Red blood cell indices, and Peripheral Blood Smear examination are useful in the diagnosis of anemia. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done in the Department of Pathology at Nepal Medical College Teaching hospital. A total of 42 patients between 14 to 62 years with low Hb concentration according to the World Health Organization criteria for anemia were selected and a mean cell volume > 100 fL was taken for study. Peripheral blood smear examination, Red blood cell indices, Vitamin B12, and Folic acid level were evaluated. Results: There were 42 patients with macrocytic anemia enrolled in the study with a mean age of 31.85±12.49 years and with female preponderance. Hemoglobin level was slightly low in males compared to females. Red blood cell indices were slightly higher in males. The difference of serum Vit B12 and Folic acid in male and female was found to be significant. Conclusions: It was concluded that for the diagnosis of a specific type of anemia, hemoglobin, Red blood cell indices, reticulocytes percent, and PBS examination were important parameters. Serum Folic acid and Vitamin B12 level estimation along with other hematological parameters are important for the diagnosis of macrocytic anemia and its correlation

scholarly journals Quick Leukocyte Nucleus Segmentation in Leukocyte Counting

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yapin Wang ◽  
Yiping Cao
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Leukocyte Segmentation ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears ◽  
Key Techniques ◽  
Nucleus Segmentation

The leukocyte nucleus quick segmentation is one of the key techniques in leukocyte real-time online scanning of human blood smear. We propose a quick leukocyte nucleus segmentation method based on the component difference in RGB color space. By analyzing the captured microscopic images of the peripheral blood smears from the autoscanning microscope, it is found that the difference values between B component and G component (B−G values) in the regions of the leukocyte nuclei and the platelets are much bigger than those in the other regions, even in the regions including the stains. So, the B−G values can segment the leukocyte nuclei and the platelets with an appropriate empirical threshold because the platelets are much smaller than the leukocyte nuclei, so the leukocyte nuclei can be segmented by size filtering. Also, only an 8 bit subtraction operation is performed for the B−G values, and it can improve the leukocyte nucleus segmentation speed significantly. Experimental results show that the proposed method performs well for the five types of leukocyte segmentation with a quick speed. It is very suitable for the real-time peripheral blood smear autoscanning test application. In addition, the five types of leukocytes can be counted accurately.

scholarly journals Comparison of quinine-doxycycline and quinine-clindamycin for falciparum malaria in children

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Ditho Athos P. Daulay ◽  
Yunnie Trisnawati ◽  
Syamsidah Lubis ◽  
Munar Lubis ◽  
Syahril Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Doxycycline Treatment ◽  
Blood Smear Examination

Objective To compare the efficacy of quinine-doxycycline to quinine-clindamycin combination, as treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in children.Methods This randomized open labelled controlled trial was conducted from July to August 2007 at Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara Province. The subjects were 8 – 18 year old children with positive Plasmodium falciparum from the peripheral blood smear. Simple randomization was performed to determine subject study into two groups of treatment, one group received quinine-clindamycin and the other received quinine-doxycycline treatment. The parasitemia was counted on day 0, 2, 7 and 28. We also observed the adverse effects of the antimalarial combination.Results Two hundred and forty six children who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups. All subjects completed the study. Cure rate achieved 100% from peripheral blood smear examination at the second day observation and showed no recrudescence at day 28th. (P=0.0001). During 28 days follow up, there were 21 (17.6%) patients suffered from headache, 18 (14.6%) vomit and 40 children (32.5%) suffered from tinnitus in quinine-doxycycline combination, compared to quinine-clindamycin combination group only 4 (3.3%) suffered from headache, 1 (0.8%) suffered from tinnitus and there was no vomiting experience in any patient (P < 0.0001).Conclusion Combination of quinine with either clindamycin or doxycycline are effective as an alternative antimalarial treatment. The combination of quinine-clindamycin is well tolerated than the combination of quinine-doxyciline, and this combination may be particular value for young children and pregnant women, as these two groups cannot receive doxycycline.

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