A note on the use of microbial insecticides for the control of tomato hornworms on flue-cured tobacco

Two formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis, Bactospeine-A and Thuricide-HPC, were applied on tobacco plants after topping to evaluate their effectiveness against tomato hornworm (Manduca quinquemaculata) in the laboratory and field. Both materials, regardless of the rates applied, gave complete control of the tomato hornworms. All the larvae fed slightly or moderately on the treated leaves during the first day after treatment, but thereafter, the larvae remained inactive on the treated leaves until death. There was little evidence of further feeding when the leaves were examined. The microbial insecticides had no detrimental effect on the beneficial insect parasite, Cotesia congragata, and no phytotoxicity was observed.

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Expression of a Bacillus thuringiensis crystal protein gene in Pseudomonas cepacia 526

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m90-152 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 36 (12) ◽

pp. 879-884 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Carolyn A. Stock ◽

Thomas J. McLoughlin ◽

Janet A. Klein ◽

Michael J. Adang

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Manduca Sexta ◽

Protein Gene ◽

Crystal Protein ◽

Pseudomonas Cepacia ◽

Broad Host Range ◽

Cry Protein ◽

Insecticidal Crystal Protein ◽

Tobacco Plants ◽

Range Vector

An insecticidal crystal protein gene, cryIA(C), from Bacillus thuringiensis HD-1 was cloned into a broad host range vector, pSUP204, and the resulting plasmid, pSUP89A, was conjugated into a plant-colonizing bacterium, Pseudomonas cepacia 526. Southern blot analysis detected the presence of the cry gene in Pseudomonas cepacia 526 transconjugants. Production of a truncated insecticidal crystal protein in Pseudomonas cepacia was detected by Western blotting and ELISA techniques and was found to have insecticidal activity against the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, in an artificial diet assay. We also followed the establishment of the Pseudomonas cepacia 526/Bt transconjugant on axenically grown tobacco plants and found that approximately 1% of the Pseudomonas cells retained pSUP89A 3 days after application. In spite of this instability, treated tobacco plants were protected from Manduca sexta infestation. Key words: Bacillus thuringiensis, Pseudomonas cepacia, insecticidal crystal protein, Cry protein.

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Transgenic plants expressing immunosuppressive dsRNA improve entomopathogen efficacy against Spodoptera littoralis larvae

Journal of Pest Science ◽

10.1007/s10340-021-01467-z ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Ilaria Di Lelio ◽

Eleonora Barra ◽

Mariangela Coppola ◽

Giandomenico Corrado ◽

Rosa Rao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Transgenic Plants ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Spodoptera Littoralis ◽

Tobacco Plants ◽

Double Stranded Rna ◽

Killing Activity ◽

Lepidopteran Larvae ◽

Lepidopteran Pest

AbstractTransgenic plants that express double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting vital insect genes have recently emerged as a valuable new tool for pest control. In this study, tobacco plants were transformed to produce dsRNA targeting Sl 102 gene that is involved in the immune response of Spodoptera littoralis larvae, a serious lepidopteran pest of several crops. Experimental larvae reared on transgenic tobacco lines showed (1) a strongly reduced level of Sl 102 transcripts, which was positively associated with food consumption; (2) a substantial impairment of the encapsulation response mediated by hemocytes; and (3) a marked increase in the susceptibility to Xentari™, a Bacillus thuringiensis-based insecticide. Importantly, this approach may allow a reduction in the doses of B. thuringiensis used for field applications and enhance its killing activity on mature larvae. The results obtained thus support the use of immunosuppressive RNAi plants to enhance the performance of microbial insecticides on lepidopteran larvae.

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THE PHENOMENON OF ‘MALOROSIYSTVO’ IN THE ULAS SAMSHUK INTERPRETATION (Based on the material of the trilogy «Ost»)

Studia Philologica ◽

10.28925/2311-2425.2019.13.13 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 87-97

Author(s):

I. Rusnak

Keyword(s):

Creative Process ◽

Detrimental Effect ◽

National Character ◽

Collaborative Culture ◽

Complete Control ◽

The Awakening ◽

Artistic Interpretation ◽

Internal Forces ◽

The Will ◽

Culture And Language

Malorosiystvo is a social and political, spiritual, ethnic and psychological phenomenon. The long colonial status of the Ukrainian nation, the humiliation of culture and language, the avoiding from anything national, and kowtowing to the imperial are its main features. “Maloros” feels its inferiority, avoids communication in the native language, shows the identity by dressing in national clothes on holidays. Especially detrimental effect of Malorosiystvo is on the creativity of a person. In the article, the author analyzed the views of Ulas Samchuk on the phenomenon of Malorosiystvo. The author examined the artistic interpretation of this destructive phenomenon in the trilogy «Ost», individual thoughts of the writer in the publicistics and documentary. In the trilogy «Ost», U. Samchuk considered Malorosiystvo as a problem of Ukrainian national character, which was formed under the destructive influence of Bolsheviks ideology. At an artistic level, a prose writer explored the spiritual emasculation of Ukrainian creative intellectuals. U. Samchuk analysed the problem of the artist captivity in the Soviet empire. Unification of the creative process, complete control over it, dictates in the choice of themes, plots, characters, arrangement of «correct» ideological accents – all these elements made the creative person completely dependent of the prevailing doctrine. Gradually, the Ukrainian intellectual was either reborn as a representative of collaborative culture, or turned into a spiritual and physical ruin. The author of the trilogy saw the path to national revival in the awakening of the psychological and spiritual forces of every Ukrainian. Such a national aspiration grows out of a deep awareness of their national otherness and belief in their own fullness. The efforts of some individuals lead the nation to consolidation of internal forces, awaken the will and direct actions. U. Samchuk solved the problem of overcoming the disintegration of the Ukrainian soul in fiction by creating of positive characters.

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Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki Affects a Beneficial Insect, the Cinnabar Moth (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/86.2.334 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. 334-339 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Rosalind R. James ◽

Jeffrey C. Miller ◽

Bruce Lighthart

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Beneficial Insect ◽

Cinnabar Moth

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BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS FOR CONTROLLING THREE SPECIES OF MOTHS IN STORED GRAIN

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent108105-1 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 108 (1) ◽

pp. 105-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Wm. H. McGaughey

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Trichoplusia Ni ◽

Aqueous Suspension ◽

Stored Grain ◽

Complete Control ◽

Angoumois Grain Moth ◽

Cadra Cautella ◽

Wettable Powder ◽

Indian Meal ◽

Almond Moth

AbstractIn laboratory studies, an aqueous suspension of a commercial wettable powder formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (strain HD-1) containing at least 25 billion viable spores/g and 16000 International Units of Potency (Trichoplusia ni (Hübner))/mg prevented infestations of Indian meal moths, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner), and almond moths, Cadra cautella (Walker), in corn and wheat at a dose of ca. 120 mg of formulation/kg of grain. Treatment of a 100-mm-deep surface layer was more effective than treatments 33 or 67 mm deep and as effective as treatment of the entire grain mass Lack of uniformity in applying B. thuringiensis to the grain kernels caused a small decrease in effectiveness. Dust and bait formulations at about the same doses were as effective as the suspension, but the bait was undesirable because it supported the development of beetle larvae. The formulation was less effective in controlling the Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier): doses that gave complete control of the Indian meal moth and the almond moth reduced emergence of adult Angoumois grain moths by only about one-third.

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EFFECT OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS ON FEEDING AND ENERGY USE BY PLODIA INTERPUNCTELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) AND TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM (COLEOPTERA: TENEBRIONIDAE)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent131433-4 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 131 (4) ◽

pp. 433-440 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

A.S. Abdel-Razek ◽

H.S. Salama ◽

N.D.G. White ◽

O.N. Morris

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Tribolium Castaneum ◽

Energy Use ◽

Plodia Interpunctella ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Complete Control ◽

Median Lethal Concentrations ◽

Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽

Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

AbstractInvestigations were conducted to quantify the effects of treatment of cracked wheat, Triticum aestivum L. (Gramineae), kernels with sublethal and median-lethal concentrations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner 1915 (Eubacteriales: Bacillaceae) on the energy use by Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) 1813 and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) 1797 larvae. Cumulative food consumption and egestion during insect development and the weight and energy values of adult insects were determined and oxygen consumption was estimated. At sublethal (4 μg/g wheat for P. interpunctella, 250 μg/g wheat for T. castaneum) and median-lethal (18 μg/g wheat for P. interpunctella, 1950 μg/g wheat for T. castaneum) concentrations, food consumption during development decreased from controls by 9.1% and 47.1%, respectively, for P. interpunctella and 14.4% and 38.2%, respectively, for T. castaneum. Egestion decreased by 9.5% and 61.5% for P. interpunctella and 19.4% and 47.3% for T. castaneum at these respective concentrations. Increasing B. thuringiensis had negative effects on food consumption and energy use by the insects. Levels of B. thuringiensis lower than required for complete control may assist in protecting grain from stored-product insects.

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Preventative treatments for control of fungus gnats and shore flies

New Zealand Plant Protection ◽

10.30843/nzpp.2001.54.3737 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 42-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C.W. Van_Epenhuijsen ◽

B.B.C Page ◽

J.P. Koolaard

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Untreated Control ◽

Tobacco Plants ◽

Fungus Gnats

Preventative treatments for control of fungus gnats (Bradysia sp nr paupera Diptera Sciaridae) and shore flies (Scatella tonnoiri Hendel Diptera Ephydridae) were carried out by drenching potted tobacco plants with diflubenzuron and Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis (Bti) The treatments were applied at different rates and times and compared with the use of sand and sawdust toppings to cover the potting mix Diflubenzuron treatments applied at three and nine weekly intervals and Bti applied at weekly intervals gave the lowest numbers of fungus gnats The sand topping for the control of shore flies gave significantly better results than the untreated control

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Tobacco Plants Expressing Modified Synthetic Bacterial (Bacillus Thuringiensis) CryIA(a) And CryIA(c) Genes

Progress in Botanical Research ◽

10.1007/978-94-011-5274-7_109 ◽

1998 ◽

pp. 481-484

Author(s):

S. Dukiandjiev ◽

Tz. Guetchev ◽

N. Dimitrova ◽

R. Sardana ◽

M. Giband ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Tobacco Plants

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In-Field Monitoring of Beneficial Insect Populations in Transgenic Corn Expressing a Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin

Journal of Entomological Science ◽

10.18474/0749-8004-36.2.177 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 177-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

Suzanne J. Wold ◽

Eric C. Burkness ◽

W. D. Hutchison ◽

Robert C. Venette

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Coccinella Septempunctata ◽

Field Studies ◽

Significant Trend ◽

Bt Corn ◽

Predator Species ◽

Beneficial Insects ◽

Insect Populations ◽

Beneficial Insect

In 1998 and 1999, field studies were conducted near Rosemount, MN to assess the potential impact of transgenic sweet corn, transformed to express the Cry1Ab toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner var kurstaki (i.e., Bt corn), on several beneficial insects, including predatory coccinellids, chrysopids and anthocorids. Beneficial insects in both Bt and in non-Bt sweet corn were also monitored in field cages in 1999. Plants were visually sampled for beneficial insects by arbitrarily selecting 3 consecutive plants from each plot or 6 plants/cage. Rank transformed data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, which indicated no significant within-year differences in the overall density of beneficial insect populations between Bt and non-Bt sweet corn. Coleomegilla maculata (DeGeer) was the dominant predator species detected in 1998 and 1999. A significant trend (P < 0.05) was found for C. maculata larvae in open plots, with non-Bt treatments having higher C. maculata levels than Bt. Also, C. maculata larval and adult densities, for caged plots, showed a significant trend for higher counts in the in non-Bt corn. No additional differences in species diversity of beneficial insects were detected using Hills N1. Neither Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Ménville, Adalia bipunctata (L.), nor Coccinella septempunctata L. were observed during 1999. Although our test detected significant trends for higher densities of C. maculata in non-Bt corn, the results also suggest that longer-term in-field studies with higher sample sizes are needed to further characterize what may be relatively subtle population effects in the field.

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