scholarly journals Sylvatic host associations of Triatominae and implications for Chagas disease reservoirs: a comprehensive review and new host records based on archival specimens

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Y Georgieva ◽  
Eric R L Gordon ◽  
Christiane Weirauch
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
Archival Specimens ◽  
Host Associations

Background: The 148 species of kissing bug include important vectors of the debilitating, chronic, and often fatal Chagas disease, which affects several million people in Central and South America. An understanding of the natural hosts of this speciose group of blood-feeding insects has and will continue to aid ongoing efforts to impede the spread of Chagas disease. However, information on kissing bug biology is piecemeal and scattered, developed using methods with varying levels of accuracy over more than 100 years. Existing host records are heavily biased towards well-studied primary vector species and are derived from primarily three different types of observations, associational, immunological or DNA-based, with varying reliability. Methods: We here gather a comprehensive and unparalleled number of sources reporting host associations via rigorous targeted searches of publication databases to review all known natural, or sylvatic, host records including information on how that record was collected. We integrate this information with novel host records obtained via attempted amplification and sequencing of a ~160 base pair (bp) region of the vertebrate 12S mitochondrial gene from the gastrointestinal tract of 64 archival specimens of Triatominae representing 19 species collected primarily in sylvatic habitats throughout the southern U.S. and Central and South America during the past 10 years. We show the utility of this method for uncovering novel and under-studied groups of Triatominae hosts, as well as detecting the presence of the Chagas disease pathogen via Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) of a ~400 bp sequence of the trypanosome 18S gene. Results: New host associations for several groups of arboreal mammals were determined including sloths, New World monkeys, coatis, arboreal porcupines and, for the first time as a host of any Triatominae, tayras. A thorough review of previously documented sylvatic hosts, organized by triatomine species and the type of observation (associational, antibody-based, or DNA-based), is presented in a phylogenetic context and highlights large gaps in our knowledge of Triatominae biology. Conclusion: The application of DNA-based methods of host identification towards additional species of Triatominae, including rarely collected species that may require use of archival specimens, is the most efficient and promising way to resolve recognized shortfalls.

scholarly journals Sylvatic host associations of Triatominae and implications for Chagas disease reservoirs: a comprehensive review and new host records based on archival specimens

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Y Georgieva ◽  
Eric R L Gordon ◽  
Christiane Weirauch
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
Archival Specimens ◽  
Host Associations

Background: The 148 species of kissing bug include important vectors of the debilitating, chronic, and often fatal Chagas disease, which affects several million people in Central and South America. An understanding of the natural hosts of this speciose group of blood-feeding insects has and will continue to aid ongoing efforts to impede the spread of Chagas disease. However, information on kissing bug biology is piecemeal and scattered, developed using methods with varying levels of accuracy over more than 100 years. Existing host records are heavily biased towards well-studied primary vector species and are derived from primarily three different types of observations, associational, immunological or DNA-based, with varying reliability. Methods: We here gather a comprehensive and unparalleled number of sources reporting host associations via rigorous targeted searches of publication databases to review all known natural, or sylvatic, host records including information on how that record was collected. We integrate this information with novel host records obtained via attempted amplification and sequencing of a ~160 base pair (bp) region of the vertebrate 12S mitochondrial gene from the gastrointestinal tract of 64 archival specimens of Triatominae representing 19 species collected primarily in sylvatic habitats throughout the southern U.S. and Central and South America during the past 10 years. We show the utility of this method for uncovering novel and under-studied groups of Triatominae hosts, as well as detecting the presence of the Chagas disease pathogen via Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) of a ~400 bp sequence of the trypanosome 18S gene. Results: New host associations for several groups of arboreal mammals were determined including sloths, New World monkeys, coatis, arboreal porcupines and, for the first time as a host of any Triatominae, tayras. A thorough review of previously documented sylvatic hosts, organized by triatomine species and the type of observation (associational, antibody-based, or DNA-based), is presented in a phylogenetic context and highlights large gaps in our knowledge of Triatominae biology. Conclusion: The application of DNA-based methods of host identification towards additional species of Triatominae, including rarely collected species that may require use of archival specimens, is the most efficient and promising way to resolve recognized shortfalls.

scholarly journals Sylvatic host associations of Triatominae and implications for Chagas disease reservoirs: a review and new host records based on archival specimens

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Y. Georgieva ◽  
Eric R.L. Gordon ◽  
Christiane Weirauch
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Archival Specimens ◽  
Host Associations

BackgroundThe 152 extant species of kissing bug include important vectors of the debilitating, chronic, and often fatal Chagas disease, which affects several million people mainly in Central and South America. An understanding of the natural hosts of this speciose group of blood-feeding insects has and will continue to aid ongoing efforts to impede the spread of Chagas disease. However, information on kissing bug biology is piecemeal and scattered, developed using methods with varying levels of accuracy over more than 100 years. Existing host records are heavily biased towards well-studied primary vector species and are derived from primarily three different types of observations, associational, immunological or DNA-based, with varying reliability.MethodsWe gather a comprehensive and unparalleled number of sources reporting host associations via rigorous targeted searches of publication databases to review all known natural, or sylvatic, host records including information on how each record was collected. We integrate this information with novel host records obtained via attempted amplification and sequencing of a ∼160 base pair (bp) region of the vertebrate 12S mitochondrial gene from the gastrointestinal tract of 64 archival specimens of Triatominae representing 19 species collected primarily in sylvatic habitats throughout the southern United States and Central and South America during the past 10 years. We show the utility of this method for uncovering novel and under-studied groups of Triatominae hosts, as well as detecting the presence of the Chagas disease pathogen via Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) of a ∼400 bp sequence of the trypanosome 18S gene.ResultsNew host associations for several groups of arboreal mammals were determined including sloths, New World monkeys, coatis, arboreal porcupines and, for the first time as a host of any Triatominae, tayras. A thorough review of previously documented sylvatic hosts, organized by triatomine species and the type of observation (associational, antibody-based, or DNA-based), is presented in a phylogenetic context and highlights large gaps in our knowledge of Triatominae biology.ConclusionThe application of DNA-based methods of host identification towards additional species of Triatominae, including rarely collected species that may require use of archival specimens, is the most efficient and promising way to resolve recognized shortfalls.

scholarly journals Poneromorph Ants Associated with Parasitoid Wasps of the GenusKapalaCameron (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae) in French Guiana

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Paul Lachaud ◽  
Philippe Cerdan ◽  
Gabriela Pérez-Lachaud
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Parasitoid Wasps ◽  
New Host ◽  
Ant Colonies ◽  
Large Size ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Host Associations

Eucharitid wasps are specific, specialized parasitoids of ants. The genusKapalaCameron is the most common in the Neotropics but few species are described, and information dealing with their biology, behavior and host associations is scarce. Numerous poneromorph ant colonies were inspected over 4 collection surveys in French Guiana. A diverse fauna of parasites and parasitoids was found, including mermithid nematodes, flies, eucharitids, and another gregarious endoparasitoid wasp. Five new host associations forKapalaare reported, all of them involving medium- to large-size poneromorph ant species from 4 genera:Ectatomma brunneumFr. Smith,Gnamptogenys tortuolosa(Fr. Smith),Odontomachus haematodus(L.),O. mayi Mann, andPachycondyla verenae(Forel). Three other associations involvingO. hastatus(Fabr.),P. apicalis(Latreille), andP. stigma(Fabr.), already reported for other countries but new for French Guiana, are confirmed. The data extend the number of hosts forKapalato 24 ant species from 7 genera. The high diversity of the ant host genera associated withKapala,combined with the fact that these ant genera are the most widely distributed among Neotropical poneromorph ants, could account for the dominant status of the genusKapalaamong the eucharitine wasps of Central and South America.

Origins of Chagas disease: Didelphis species are natural hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi I and armadillos hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi II, including hybrids

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Yeo ◽  
Nidia Acosta ◽  
Martin Llewellyn ◽  
Humberto Sánchez ◽  
Susie Adamson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Natural Hosts

scholarly journals Some digenea parasites of tunny from the coast of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

2002 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. M. FERNANDES ◽  
A. KOHN ◽  
A. L. SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Host Record ◽  
Thunnus Albacares ◽  
New Host ◽  
Katsuwonus Pelamis ◽  
New Host Record ◽  
Auxis Thazard ◽  
First Time ◽  
Janeiro State

Rhipidocotyle pentagonum (Ozaki, 1924) is reported for the first time in South America parasitizing Auxis thazard and in a new host Katsuwonus pelamis. Tergestia laticollis (Rudolphi, 1819) is reported for the first time in South America and in Thunnus albacares, representing a new host record. Copiatestes filiferus (Leuckart, in Sars, 1885) is recorded for the first time in Brazil and in Thunnus albacares, another new host record. Tetrochetus coryphaenae (Yamaguti, 1934) is presented for the first time in Brazil parasitizing Thunnus albacares.

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