An investigation of airflow patterns created by high-clearance sprayers during field operations

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 2.01-2.12
Author(s):  
Hubert Landry ◽  
◽  
Tom Wolf ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Clearance

scholarly journals Safe Path Planning Algorithms for Mobile Robots Based on Probabilistic Foam

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4156
Author(s):  
Luís B. P. Nascimento ◽  
Dennis Barrios-Aranibar ◽  
Vitor G. Santos ◽  
Diego S. Pereira ◽  
William C. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Path Planning ◽  
Mobile Robots ◽  
Configuration Space ◽  
Autonomous Robot ◽  
Breadth First Search ◽  
Propagation Process ◽  
Robot Systems ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Safe Path ◽  
High Clearance

The planning of safe paths is an important issue for autonomous robot systems. The Probabilistic Foam method (PFM) is a planner that guarantees safe paths bounded by a sequence of structures called bubbles that provides safe regions. This method performs the planning by covering the free configuration space with bubbles, an approach analogous to a breadth-first search. To improve the propagation process and keep the safety, we present three algorithms based on Probabilistic Foam: Goal-biased Probabilistic Foam (GBPF), Radius-biased Probabilistic Foam (RBPF), and Heuristic-guided Probabilistic Foam (HPF); the last two are proposed in this work. The variant GBPF is fast, HPF finds short paths, and RBPF finds high-clearance paths. Some simulations were performed using four different maps to analyze the behavior and performance of the methods. Besides, the safety was analyzed considering the new propagation strategies.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Selected Commercial and Experimental Insecticides Against Late Season Populations of Beet Armyworm, Soybean Looper, and Tobacco Budworm, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Graves ◽  
B. R. Leonard ◽  
C. A. White
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Soybean Looper ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract Three tests, each consisting of 4-5 insecticide treatments were replicated 4 times in a RCBD at the Macon Ridge Branch of the Northeast Research Station, Winnsboro, LA. Cotton was planted 1 Jul into plots 4 rows (40 inch centers) by 30 ft. Treatments for Tests 1, 2 and 3 were applied on 2, 13 and 14 Sep, respectively, with a high clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 11.5 gal total spray/acre through Teejet X-8 hollow cone nozzles (2/row) at 46 psi. Treatment efficacy was determined by taking a 10 sweep (standard 15 inch diam net) sample from each plot. Sweep samples were usually taken 2, 4-5 and 6-7 DAT on rows 1, 2 or 3, respectively. The test areas received 0.20, 0.67 and 1.1 inches rainfall on 6, 15 and 16 Sep, respectively.

scholarly journals Cotton Aphid Control, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-245
Author(s):  
G. W. Elzen
Keyword(s):  
Compressed Air ◽  
Relative Efficacy ◽  
Cotton Aphid ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Spray System ◽  
Aphid Control ◽  
Spray Volume ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract Treatments were tested for relative efficacy against cotton aphid in nonirrigated cotton planted 5 May at Stoneville, MS. Plots of 8 rows (40 inch centers) by 65 ft, separated by 15 ft alleys, were arranged in a RCBD with 4 replicates. All treatments were applied by a high-clearance spray machine equipped with a compressed air spray system. Total spray volume was 6 gal/acre at 5 mph and 35 psi using 2 TX10 nozzles/row. Plots within a replicate were sprayed consecutively with the boom rinsed twice and blown clear between plots. A pretreatment survey on 19 Jun indicated a moderate aphid infestation. Treatments were applied on 20 and 27 Jun. Efficacy was determined by counting aphids per square inch on leaves in the top and middle portions of 80 randomly chosen plants/treatment at 3 and 6 or 7 DAT.

scholarly journals Control of Southern Armyworm with Bacillus Thuringiensis in Staked Tomato, Fall 1994

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-191
Author(s):  
P. A. Stansly ◽  
J. M. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Southern Armyworm ◽  
Pump Pressure ◽  
Marketable Size ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract Greenhouse raised tomato seedings “Florasette” were planted 8 Sep. 1994, 18 inches within the row on six subirrigated beds, 240 ft long, 32 ft wide on 6 ft centers. Beds had been fumigated with methyl bromide + chloropicrin 67/33 at a rate of 2201b/acre and mulched with whiteside polyethylene. Each of 4, 125 ft blocks was divided into 4, 3-row plots 25 ft long plus 2.5 ft walkways. Plants were sprayed weekly with an alternating combination of Maneb 80 WP at 1 lb/acre plus Kocide 101 at 31b/acre and Bravo 720 at 1.5 pt/acre for disease control. Plants were inoculated on 5 Oct with beet armyworm and on 19 Oct with SAW on 19 Oct to supplement natural populations by applying 2-3 neonates (2-3 per plant) in Grito-O-Cobs (20-40 mesh) to foliage with a “bazooka” gun. Treatments and spray schedules are given in Tables 1 and 2. Spray was delivered weekly for 7 weeks starting in 21 Oct using a high clearance sprayer equipped with yellow hollow cone Albuz nozzles at 200 psi pump pressure. Configuration for the first 4 applications was 9 nozzles per row, one overhead and four each side calibrated to deliver 89 GPA. An additional nozzle per side drop was added for the last 3 applications to deliver 110 GPA. Larval populations were evaluated weekly from 21 Oct to 29 Nov on 6 ft of row from the center of each 3-row plot in two-plant (between-stake) units. Larvae were counted in 3 size categories: small, medium and large but only medium and large are reported. Fruit of marketable size was harvested on 21 Nov & 02 Dec and graded on a commercial table with weights and numbers recorded.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Insecticide Combinations Against Late Season Populations of Bollworms, Tobacco Budworms and Boll Weevils, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-198
Author(s):  
J. B. Graves ◽  
J. H. Pankey ◽  
B. R. Leonard ◽  
C. A. White
Keyword(s):  
Test Area ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Late Season ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract Six insecticide treatments were evaluated at the Macon Ridge Branch of the Northeast Research Station, Winnsboro, LA, to determine their efficacy in controlling the bollworm/tobacco budworm complex and boll weevils. Cotton was planted 18 Jun in plots consisting of 4 rows (40 inch centers) × 50 ft. Treatments were arranged in a RCBD with 4 replications. Treatments were applied with a high clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 6 gal total spray/acre through Teejet X-8 hollow cone nozzles (2/row) at 46 psi. Insecticides were applied on 22, 26 Aug and 1 Sep against established populations of bollworms, tobacco budworms (primarily tobacco budworms) and boll weevils. Efficacy of the various treatments against these species was determined on 25, 31 Aug and 7 Sep by examining 50 squares/plot for evidence of feeding damage. Also numbers of larvae per 50 squares were recorded for the bollworm/tobacco budworm complex. The plots were mechanically harvested on 25 Oct to determine seed cotton yields. The test area received 0.57 and 0.20 inches rainfall on 1 and 6 Sep, respectively.

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