Common Language: Voting

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Balinski ◽  
Rida Laraki
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Political Candidates ◽  
French Presidential Elections ◽  
Rank Orders ◽  
Majority Judgment

This chapter focuses on the importance of a simplified common language with clear cultural meanings for grading political candidates. Voters using majority judgment are better at expressing their opinion about a candidate compared with giving rank-orders. The 2007 Orsay experiment in the context of the majority judgment ballot that took place during the French presidential elections in 2007 is also discussed, with a focus on the use of language in which the hypothetical voting process was explained to voters. Analysis on the grades allotted during the experiment is presented along with homogeneity of voters’ grades to consider the use of language by the voting population.

Multicriteria Ranking

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Balinski ◽  
Rida Laraki
Keyword(s):  
Common Language ◽  
Multicriteria Evaluation ◽  
Multicriteria Problems ◽  
Majority Judgment

In this chapter, the majority judgment is extended to multicriteria problems. The most reasonable application of the majority judgment to multicriteria evaluation can be achieved by using a common language. The use of a particular procedure for multicriteria inputs will depend on the particular application. The chapter also describes several types of multicriteria majority judgments, including the judge-based majority judgment in which majority-grades of the sum of the points are calculated, and the criterion-based majority judgment in which first majority-grade of each criterion’s grades are calculated. It furthermore defines judge-based and criterion-based majority judgment procedures, which include a judge-based procedure and criterion-based procedure.

scholarly journals SOCIOPHYSICS: A REVIEW OF GALAM MODELS

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 409-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
SERGE GALAM
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Opinion Dynamics ◽  
Hierarchical Systems ◽  
Extreme Right ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
European Constitution ◽  
French Presidential Elections ◽  
Political Events

We review a series of models of sociophysics introduced by Galam and Galam et al. in the last 25 years. The models are divided into five different classes, which deal respectively with democratic voting in bottom-up hierarchical systems, decision making, fragmentation versus coalitions, terrorism and opinion dynamics. For each class the connexion to the original physical model and techniques are outlined underlining both the similarities and the differences. Emphasis is put on the numerous novel and counterintuitive results obtained with respect to the associated social and political framework. Using these models several major real political events were successfully predicted including the victory of the French extreme right party in the 2000 first round of French presidential elections, the voting at fifty–fifty in several democratic countries (Germany, Italy, Mexico), and the victory of the "no" to the 2005 French referendum on the European constitution. The perspectives and the challenges to make sociophysics a predictive solid field of science are discussed.

scholarly journals French presidential elections

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavien Bouillot ◽  
Pascal Poncelet ◽  
Mathieu Roche ◽  
Dino Ienco ◽  
Elnaz Bigdeli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Elections ◽  
French Presidential Elections

scholarly journals May 1968, Sartre and Sarkozy

PhaenEx ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
JEAN-PIERRE BOULÉ
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Elections ◽  
French Presidential Elections ◽  
New Type ◽  
May 1968 ◽  
May 68 ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Impact

This article begins by analysing the impact of May ’68 on Sartre. The article then attempts to show similarities and then differences between Sartre wanting to be a "new intellectual" and Sarkozy a "new type of politician," based on Sarkozy’s (in)famous speech given in Bercy in April 2007 prior to the second round of voting in the French Presidential elections when he launched into a most virulent attack on the spirit of May ’68. Finally, I argue that Sarkozy wants to go back to the time of colonialism in the 1950s and 1960s, reclaiming in the process de Gaulle’s heritage.

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