Decision letter: A lectin receptor kinase as a potential sensor for extracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in Arabidopsis thaliana

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) participates in intracellular and extracellular signaling events unrelated to metabolism. In animals, purinergic receptors are required for extracellular NAD+ (eNAD+) to evoke biological responses, indicating that eNAD+ may be sensed by cell-surface receptors. However, the identity of eNAD+-binding receptors still remains elusive. Here, we identify a lectin receptor kinase (LecRK), LecRK-I.8, as a potential eNAD+ receptor in Arabidopsis. The extracellular lectin domain of LecRK-I.8 binds NAD+ with a dissociation constant of 436.5 ± 104.8 nM, although much higher concentrations are needed to trigger in vivo responses. Mutations in LecRK-I.8 inhibit NAD+-induced immune responses, whereas overexpression of LecRK-I.8 enhances the Arabidopsis response to NAD+. Furthermore, LecRK-I.8 is required for basal resistance against bacterial pathogens, substantiating a role for eNAD+ in plant immunity. Our results demonstrate that lectin receptors can potentially function as eNAD+-binding receptors and provide direct evidence for eNAD+ being an endogenous signaling molecule in plants.

Download Full-text

Comparison of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-induced immune responses against biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens in Arabidopsis thaliana

Plant Signaling & Behavior ◽

10.1080/15592324.2016.1169358 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. e1169358 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Chenggang Wang ◽

Xudong Zhang ◽

Zhonglin Mou

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽

Nicotinamide Adenine

Download Full-text

Extracellular pyridine nucleotides trigger plant systemic immunity through a lectin receptor kinase/BAK1 complex

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-019-12781-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Chenggang Wang ◽

Xiaoen Huang ◽

Qi Li ◽

Yanping Zhang ◽

Jian-Liang Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽

Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽

Plant Immunity ◽

Acquired Resistance ◽

Receptor Complex ◽

Pyridine Nucleotides ◽

Receptor Kinase ◽

Systemic Immunity ◽

Lectin Receptor

Abstract Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a long-lasting broad-spectrum plant immunity induced by mobile signals produced in the local leaves where the initial infection occurs. Although multiple structurally unrelated signals have been proposed, the mechanisms responsible for perception of these signals in the systemic leaves are unknown. Here, we show that exogenously applied nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) moves systemically and induces systemic immunity. We demonstrate that the lectin receptor kinase (LecRK), LecRK-VI.2, is a potential receptor for extracellular NAD+ (eNAD+) and NAD+ phosphate (eNADP+) and plays a central role in biological induction of SAR. LecRK-VI.2 constitutively associates with BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 (BAK1) in vivo. Furthermore, BAK1 and its homolog BAK1-LIKE1 are required for eNAD(P)+ signaling and SAR, and the kinase activities of LecR-VI.2 and BAK1 are indispensable to their function in SAR. Our results indicate that eNAD+ is a putative mobile signal, which triggers SAR through its receptor complex LecRK-VI.2/BAK1 in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Download Full-text

The Arabidopsis thaliana lectin receptor kinase LecRK-I.9 is required for full resistance to Pseudomonas syringae and affects jasmonate signalling

Molecular Plant Pathology ◽

10.1111/mpp.12457 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 937-948 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Claudine Balagué ◽

Anne Gouget ◽

Olivier Bouchez ◽

Camille Souriac ◽

Nathalie Haget ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Pseudomonas Syringae ◽

Receptor Kinase ◽

Lectin Receptor ◽

Jasmonate Signalling

Download Full-text

Data-mining bioinformatics: suggesting Arabidopsis thaliana L-type lectin receptor kinase IX.2 (LecRK-IX.2) modulate metabolites and abiotic stress responses

Plant Signaling & Behavior ◽

10.1080/15592324.2020.1818031 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 1818031

Author(s):

Raju Mondal ◽

Poushali Das

Keyword(s):

Data Mining ◽

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Receptor Kinase ◽

Lectin Receptor

Download Full-text

Effect of Niacin on Mitochondria of Allium Cepa Root Cells

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100060404 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 78-79

Author(s):

M. Arif Hayat

Keyword(s):

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽

Hydrogen Transfer ◽

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽

Nicotinamide Adenine ◽

Root Tips ◽

Root Cells ◽

Transfer Processes ◽

Standard Procedures ◽

A Cell ◽

Critical Interest

Although it is recognized that niacin (pyridine-3-carboxylic acid), incorporated as the amide in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) or in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), is a cofactor in hydrogen transfer in numerous enzyme reactions in all organisms studied, virtually no information is available on the effect of this vitamin on a cell at the submicroscopic level. Since mitochondria act as sites for many hydrogen transfer processes, the possible response of mitochondria to niacin treatment is, therefore, of critical interest.Onion bulbs were placed on vials filled with double distilled water in the dark at 25°C. After two days the bulbs and newly developed root system were transferred to vials containing 0.1% niacin. Root tips were collected at ¼, ½, 1, 2, 4, and 8 hr. intervals after treatment. The tissues were fixed in glutaraldehyde-OsO4 as well as in 2% KMnO4 according to standard procedures. In both cases, the tissues were dehydrated in an acetone series and embedded in Reynolds' lead citrate for 3-10 minutes.

Download Full-text