Trace Metals Assessment of Groundwater in Parts of Iwo Southwestern Nigeria Using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and Very Low Frequency Electromagnetic Methods

Abstract A modified four-step sequential extraction procedure developed within the Standards, Measurement, and Testing Program (formally the Community Bureau of Reference) of the European Commission was applied to determine the distribution of Cd, Cu, Fe, and Mn in air filter dust samples collected from vehicles. The four fractions were acid-soluble, reducible, oxidizable, and residual. These fractions have the advantage of providing better insight into the mechanism of association of metals in the dust. The determination of trace metals in dust samples was performed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The results obtained after applying the sequential extraction scheme indicated that Cu was the most abundant metal in the organic and residual fractions of the dust matrix. Fe was found mainly in the residual fraction, and the major amounts of Mn and Cd were present in the acid-soluble and bound-to-carbonate fraction. The mean values of Cd, Cu, Fe, and Mn were found to be 15.58, 33.54, 1625, and 180 g/g, respectively. The results obtained are in agreement with data reported in the literature.

Download Full-text

Solid-Phase Extraction with Diethyldithiocarbamate as Chelating Agent for Preconcentration and Trace Determination of Copper, Iron and Lead in Fruit Wine and Distilled Spirit by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2011/416194 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 1280-1292 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Saksit Chanthal ◽

Nongnoot Suwamart ◽

Chalerm Ruangviriyachai

Keyword(s):

Trace Metals ◽

Solid Phase Extraction ◽

Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Atomic Absorption ◽

Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Phase Extraction ◽

Flame Atomic Absorption

Some heavy metals that present in wine and distilled spirit as background contamination are generally found at trace level particularly less than detection limit of common analytical techniques including flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Thus, preconcentration method of the trace metals was developed. The optimum conditions for diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) complexes of Cu, Fe and Pb were then investigated for the preconcentration step using C18solid-phase extraction prior to measurement by FAAS. The preconcentration factor of 15-fold was obtained with the appropriate ratio of sample volume used (150 mL) to 10 mL final volume giving their method recoveries of Cu, Fe and Pb found in the ranges of 96.5-107, 102-116 and 91.7-107%, respectively. Precision determinations (n= 10) for 0.1 mg L-1of Cu, Fe and Pb each in a model solution were 3.7, 4.2 and 7.1 %RSD respectively. The detection limits (3SD) of Cu, Fe and Pb were found to be 1.4, 3.3 and 5.7 μg L-1, respectively. The developed method was applied to ten samples of local fruit wines and five samples of distilled spirits, resulting in the ranges of 0.012-0.80 and 0.12-8.8 mg L-1for Cu; 0.18-3.4 and 0.036-0.29 mg L-1for Fe and 0.0070-0.053 and 0.014-0.026 mg L-1for Pb, respectively. Therefore, the method is simple and inexpensive for routine analysis of the trace metals in these samples to overcome limit of detection of the instrument used.

Download Full-text