scholarly journals Possible Neolithic ard marks and field boundaries at Wellhill and Cranberry, Perth and Kinross, and an evaluation of current physical evidence for Neolithic farming in Scotland

2021 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 23-47
Author(s):  
Kenneth Brophy ◽  
Dene Wright
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Neolithic Period ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Plant Remains ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Isotope Studies ◽  
Field Boundaries

Although the Neolithic period is defined by farming, physical evidence for processes associated with farming are rare, with agricultural practices usually indicated by environmental and biomolecular proxies for domesticates such as pollen evidence, ceramic residues and lipids, animal bones, plant remains and stable isotope studies. This paper will, we hope, invigorate discussion on the recognition, interpretation and significance of physical traces of farming in Scotland. The starting point will be the summary of two excavations, Wellhill and Cranberry, both Perth and Kinross, in 2014 and 2016 respectively, part of the Strathearn Environs and Royal Forteviot (SERF) project. These cropmark sites revealed evidence for possible Neolithic farming in the form of possible ard marks and field ditches. There follows a synthesis of physical evidence for Neolithic farming in Scotland, drawing together evidence for ard marks, field boundaries, cultivation ridges, cultivated middens, and soils. Recommendations are made for recognising and interpreting such features on excavations, and the potential benefits of giving a higher profile to the act of farming in our narratives about Neolithic lifeways in Scotland and beyond are briefly explored.

‘Robenhausien’ in the Hunterian Museum

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Isobel M Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Organic Materials ◽  
Neolithic Period ◽  
Plant Remains ◽  
Neolithic Europe ◽  
The University

Summary A report is presented of a study of the material from Robenhausen and other sites of the Neolithic period in Switzerland, part of the Bishop Collection in the Hunterian Museum, the University of Glasgow. The material is described and its likely setting within the cultural sequence of the Swiss Neolithic is discussed. The importance of the collection is seen to lie in the finds of organic materials, artefacts and macroscopic plant remains, which afford a rare glimpse of detail in craftsmanship and husbandry in Neolithic Europe.

A view from the Greek side

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
Gunnel Ekroth
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Greek Religion ◽  
Bone Material ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Integrated Study ◽  
Written Sources

This paper addresses the animal bone material from ancient Qumran, from the comparative perspective of zooarchaeological evidence recovered in ancient Greek cult contexts. The article offers an overview of the paramount importance of animal bones for the understanding of ancient Greek religion and sacrificial practices in particular, followed by a review of the Qumran material, taking as its starting point the zooarchaeological evidence and the archaeological find contexts. The methodological complications of letting the written sources guide the interpretation of the archaeological material are explored, and it is suggested that the Qumran bones are to be interpreted as remains of ritual meals following animal sacrifices, as proposed by Jodi Magness. The presence of calcined bones additionally supports the proposal that there was once an altar in area L130, and it is argued that the absence of preserved altar installations in many ancient sanctuaries cannot be used as an argument against their ever having been present. Finally, the similarities between Israelite and Greek sacrificial practices are touched upon, arguing for the advantages of a continued and integrated study of these two sacrificial systems based on the zooarchaeological evidence.

Stable isotope studies in the Salitroso Lake Basin (southern Patagonia, Argentina): assessing diet of Late Holocene hunter-gatherers

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tessone ◽  
A. F. Zangrando ◽  
G. Barrientos ◽  
R. Goñi ◽  
H. Panarello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Southern Patagonia ◽  
Isotope Studies

Neolithic Pottery and other Remains from Pangbourne, Berks., and Caversham, Oxon

1929 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Piggott
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Neolithic Period ◽  
Human Skeleton ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Tennis Court ◽  
Made In ◽  
Neolithic Pottery

In the present state of our knowledge of the Neolithic period in England, and especially as regards its pottery, any light that can be thrown upon it is welcome, and it is on that account that I have brought before the Society a report on two discoveries of Neolithic remains: at Pangbourne, Berks., and Caversham, Oxon.It is greatly to be regretted that owing to the circumstances of the discovery accurate observations could not be made. In May, 1928, workmen were engaged in levelling ground to make a tennis court, at “Farmhili,” Courtlands Hill, Pangbourne, and in doing so came upon, and, as is unhappily so often the case, disturbed and partly smashed a human skeleton, other animal bones, of which a few only survive, and a large bowl of coarse pottery, definitely of Neolithic type. It would seem that when found the bowl was imore or less complete, but Mr. G. W. Smith, of Reading, who visited the spot the day after the discovery, was only able to find about two-thirds of the vessel, in fragments, on the rubbish heaps of excavated material. These fragments, together with the other remains, were presented by the owner of the land, Lt.-Com. W. S. Macilwaine, R.N., to the Reading Museum, where the writer had the opportunity of examining them.

Effects of development on techniques for calcium stable isotope studies in children

1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly O. O'Brien ◽  
Steven A. Abrams
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Studies

scholarly journals Present-Day Radiocarbon Content of Select Flavoring Compounds Reveals Vanillin Production Pathway

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1819-1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy Culp ◽  
G V Ravi Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Isotopic Data ◽  
Established Method ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Isotopic Methods ◽  
Isotope Studies ◽  
The University

Radiocarbon and stable isotope determination in foods, flavors, and beverages, for the authentication of source material and process of formation, is a well-established method of identity used in industry. New methods of provenance determination, using stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen, have added to the host of other isotopic methods used for characterizing natural or botanically derived products. The unambiguous determinant of a product's fossil fuel origin be it from petroleum, natural gas, or coal, is through the measurement of its 14C content. The 14C content can also be used to determine the fraction dilution of recently grown and harvested material with that derived from fossil fuel, and even confirms the vintage of agricultural products based on the well-established decrease of bomb-produced atmospheric 14C. This paper documents 14C measurements at the University of Georgia's Center for Applied Isotope Studies accelerator mass spectrometry and stable isotope laboratories, over the last 3 yr, for 10 important flavoring compounds. By establishing an accurate and current level of 14C in botanically derived products, we were able to confirm a particular source for vanilla production, the most popular consumer flavor in the marketplace. Over the years, vanilla extract has been produced less and less from vanilla beans (Vanilla planifolia), particularly those from Madagascar and the Comoros Islands, and more from other botanical precursors such as ferulic acid, clove oil, and guaiacol. We report isotopic data to support this precursor for vanilla production based on high 14C levels accumulated during the tree's life, incorporated in the tree rings and their associated stable isotope abundances.

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