Morphometric study of Foramen Magnum at the base of human skull in South Gujarat

Background: The present study was conducted for analysis of the morphometry shape and determination of sex by foramen Magnum. Methods: After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria 30 dried human skull of unknown age and sex were slected for present study from the Department of anatomy, S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan. In case of skull bones, all 30 cranial bases were visually assessed for FM shape classification. Each FM shape was classified into one of the 8 types: oval, egg, round, tetragonal, pentagonal, hexagonal, combination of 2 different semicircles and irregular. Results: The mean anteroposterior diameter of foramen magnum male and female skull bones were found to be 37.17±1.76 mm and 33.92±3.50 mm respectively.The mean transverse diameter of foramen mgnum in male and female skull bones were found to be 29.49±2.68 mm and 29.38±2.47 mm respectively.The mean area of foramen magnum male and female skull bones were found to be 818.05±119.66 mm² and 847.57±105.85 mm² respectively.The mean index of foramen magnum in male and female skull bones were found to be 84.00±5.41 and 80.27±5.79 respectively.Overall skull bones showed a medium type of foramen magnum index . Conclusion: We concluded that the several anatomic parameters such as shape and dimensions of foramen magnum should be taken into consideration during surgery involving the craniovertebral junction. Also these can be used during forensic and anthropological investigation of unknown individuals for determining gender, ethnicity, etc Keywords: Skull, foramen magnum, skull.

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MORPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF FORAMEN MAGNUM IN DRIED HUMAN SKULL BONES OF NORTH-WEST INDIAN REGION

International Journal of Anatomy and Research ◽

10.16965/ijar.2020.217 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4.1) ◽

pp. 7777-7781

Author(s):

Suresh Sharma ◽

◽

Sakshi Mathur ◽

Puneet Joshi ◽

Upendra Kumar Gupta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

West Indian ◽

Craniovertebral Junction ◽

Foramen Magnum ◽

Morphometric Study ◽

Transverse Diameter ◽

North West ◽

Important Landmark ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

The Mean ◽

Common Shape

Background: The Foramen Magnum is communication between vertebral canal and posterior cranial fossa and important landmark to key structures such as brain, spinal cord, vertebral arteries. Anatomical knowledge of the foramen magnum is significant for understanding the pathophysiology of various disorders of the craniovertebral junction as well as for planning surgical procedures. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 62 dry skulls of unknown gender obtained from the Department of Anatomy. The shape of foramen magnum was classified as oval, round, tetragonal, pentagonal, hexagonal and irregular in shape and measurements like anterio-posterior diameter and transverse diameter of foramen magnum were taken using the Digital Vernier sliding caliper. Results: In the present study most common shape was oval in 22 (35.48%) skulls, followed by Egg shape in 12 (19.35%) skulls and least common pentagonal shape in 1(1.61%) skulls. In our study the mean anteroposterior diameter was 34.17 mm. and mean transverse diameter was observed to be 28.86 mm. Conclusion: Results of our present study may help in neurosurgeons, orthopedicians, radiologist and anesthetist in North West indian population. KEY WORDS: foramen magnum, skull, transverse diameter, oval.

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Morphometric Study of Foramen Magnum

Indian Journal of Anatomy ◽

10.21088/ija.2320.0022.7318.16 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 315-317

Author(s):

Sunita Prabhakar Bharati ◽

◽

Sujatha N. ◽

S. Swayamjothi ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Foramen Magnum ◽

Morphometric Study

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Incidence of basioccipital hypoplasia in Chiari malformation Type I: comparative morphometric study of the posterior cranial fossa

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2009.2.jns08284 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 111 (5) ◽

pp. 1046-1052 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Rémy Noudel ◽

Nicolas Jovenin ◽

Cristophe Eap ◽

Bernard Scherpereel ◽

Laurent Pierot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chiari Malformation ◽

Foramen Magnum ◽

Posterior Cranial Fossa ◽

Morphometric Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Type I ◽

Chiari Malformation Type I ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

The Mean ◽

Sphenooccipital Synchondrosis

Object The chronic tonsillar herniation defining Chiari malformation Type I (CMI) is thought to result from overcrowding of a normally developing hindbrain within a congenitally small posterior cranial fossa (PCF) due to occipital hypoplasia. The goals in the present study were to authenticate the cranioencephalic disproportion in a group of patients with CMI and to discuss new developmental aspects according to which part of the occipital bone was underdeveloped. Methods The authors retrospectively examined a group of 17 patients with CMI. Measurements of osteotentorial and neural structures of the PCF were made on MR images of the brain. The results were compared with findings in 30 healthy controls by using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Results Dimensions of the neural structures did not differ between the 2 groups of patients. The mean length of the basiocciput was significantly shorter in the CMI group (19.4 mm) compared with the control group (25.7 mm; p = 0.0003). The mean diameter of the foramen magnum was larger in the CMI group, but this difference was not statistically significant. The dimensions of the supraocciput and the mean angle of the cerebellar tentorium were identical in the 2 groups. Conclusions Data in this study support the idea that occipital hypoplasia is the main cause of overcrowding within the PCF. Basioccipital shortness is a cardinal feature of the resultant shallow PCF and could proceed from a congenital disorder of the cephalic mesoderm of the parachordal plate or occur later in the infancy because of premature stenosis of the sphenooccipital synchondrosis.

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