Design of a Spatial Data Model for the Sustainability of Population Sheltering Processes in the Czech Republic

This article is focused on the creation of a data model of an information system to support the processes of population sheltering (PoS). PoS processes have undergone significant changes in the Czech Republic. The PoS system was transformed for the use of improvised shelters. For sustainable PoS, it is necessary to standardize the approach of crisis management staff. Key research hypotheses: the data model must respect the methodological framework of planning and implementation of the PoS, especially when used for the design and implementation of the improvised shelters; the standardization of residential buildings can be used to facilitate and streamline the sustainable process of planning of the PoS; the unified data model of the PoS can be considered suitable for standardization and development in the field of sustainable planning and implementation of the PoS. Softwares such as SW QGIS desktop 2.6.0, OpenStreetMap (OSM) spatial database, ESRI shapefile format, and S-JTSK/Krovak East North 5514 coordinate system were used for the verification of the spatial data model, and ASP.NET MVC 4.7.2 Microsoft SQL Server Express 2019, jQuery 3.3.1, Bootstrap 3.4.1, Kendo UI 2019.1.220, and virtual Windows Server 2016 were used for the implementation of the physical data model. The physical data model substantiates the benefits.

Vector-Based Realisation of Geographical Voronoi Treemaps With the ArcGIS Engine

In geographical field, the researches on spatial hierarchies are extensive, but there is a lack of effective method to generate and express hierarchical spatial structures. As a frequently-used visualising method, Voronoi Treemaps are able to represent hierarchical data, but limited to displaying non-spatial data. The approach of geographical Voronoi Treemaps is proposed to solve these problems by allowing for spatial division from point features with spatial coordinates and references. Additionally, this enables to create hierarchical layouts in the form of Voronoi Treemap in GIS environments with the ArcGIS Engine. The generated layouts are saved in a geodatabase, which is convenient for adding GIS enhancements such as colouring, edge sizes, legends, borders, scales, and compass. The approach aims to establish a kind of spatial data model to represent urban hierarchies, organisation structures and region differences and so on, which expands the application range of Voronoi Treemaps in the geographical field.

Combinatorial Spatial Data Model for Building Fire Simulation and Analysis

Building fire is a complex geographic process related to the indoor spatial environment, a smart spatial data model can accurately describe the spatial-temporal information of a building fire scene, which is important for modeling a fire process. With the development of fire dynamics and computer science, many building fire models have been proposed and widely used. However, the spatial representation of these models is relatively weak. In this study, a fire process modeled via the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) and the requirements of a spatial data model are initially analyzed. Then, a new spatial data model named the Combinatorial Spatial Data Model (CSDM) is combined with Geographic Information System (GIS). The key features of the CSDM, which include spatial, semantic, topological, event and state representations of a building fire scene modeled via the CSDM are subsequently presented. In addition, the Unified Modeling Language (UML) class diagram of the CSDM is also presented, and then experiments with a simplified building are conducted as a CSDM implementation case. A method of transferring data from the CSDM to FDS and a building fire analysis approach using the CSDM are subsequently proposed.

INDOOR SPATIAL DATA CONSTRUCTION FROM TRIANGLE MESH

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The 3D triangle mesh is widely used to represent indoor space. One of widely used methods of generating 3D triangle mesh data of indoor space is the construction from the point cloud collected using LIDAR. However, there are many problems in using generated triangle mesh data as a geometric representation of the indoor space. First, the number of triangles forming the triangle mesh is very large, which results in a bottleneck of the performance for storage and management. Second, no consideration on the properties of indoor space has been done by the previous work on mesh simplification for indoor geometric representation. Third, there is no research to construct indoor spatial standard data from triangle mesh data. For resolving these problems, we propose the a method for generating triangular mesh data for indoor geometric representation based in the observations mentioned above. First this method removes unnecessary objects and reduces the number of surfaces from the original fine-grained triangular mesh data using the properties of indoor space. Second, it also produces indoor geometric data in IndoorGML &amp;ndash; an OGC standard for indoor spatial data model. In experimental studies, we present a case study of indoor triangle mesh data from real world and compare results with raw data.</p>