Analyzing the Time-Varying Thermal Perception of Students in Classrooms and Its Influencing Factors from a Case Study in Xi’an, China

Owing to movement in the spatial environment and changes in activity levels, students’ thermal perception is time varying in classrooms throughout different periods of the day. However, previous studies have rarely considered the time-varying thermal perception in different periods of the day, which may cause discomfort for students and lead to energy wastage. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate the time-varying thermal perception of students and its influencing factors in different classes of the day. In addition, the differences in students’ adaptive behaviors in different periods were also explored. A total of 578 university students were surveyed using questionnaire surveys during the heating season in Xi’an, China. The following results can be obtained: (1) The thermal sensation vote and thermal preference vote values in the afternoon were significantly higher than those in the morning. At the start of the first class in the morning/afternoon, the thermal sensation of the students had the highest sensitivity to outdoor temperature changes. (2) The students’ thermal perception was greatly affected by the preclass activity state at the start of the first class in the morning/afternoon. However, in other periods, the above phenomenon was not obvious. (3) In the afternoon, the frequency of clothing adjustment was greater than that in the morning, and this behavior would significantly affect the students’ thermal sensation. (4) Compared with the current classroom heating strategy, the heating strategy of dynamically adjusting the indoor set temperature according to the time-varying characteristics of the students can theoretically achieve energy savings of 25.6%.

Materials science: Design, architecture: in 2 t. Volume 1

The first volume of the textbook describes the main groups of building and finishing materials and products, their structure and properties. Special attention is paid to the actual finishing materials, as well as their ecological and aesthetic features, which are important for creating an expressive subject-spatial environment. The well-thought-out structure of the book allows you to successfully master the discipline in different formats of vocational education: secondary vocational, bachelor's, master's, professional retraining. The volume of the studied material is determined by the teacher in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of the latest generation and the work program. It is intended for students in the areas of training "Design", "Environment Design", "Architectural environment Design", "Architecture", "Architectural design". It will also be useful as a reference for practicing designers, architects, restorers, builders, teachers of materials science and a wide range of people interested in this field of knowledge.

Interior of coworking center as a unique art space of the XXI century

The purpose of the article is to identify trends and patterns of organization of the artistic space of the modern interior of the coworking center, as well as the creation of scientifically sound methods that argue appropriate ways to solve design problems in the field of aesthetics of the XXI century. Research methodology. The theoretical, structural, philosophical, and aesthetic method is applied; method of artistic and stylistic analysis to identify features of the interior design of Kyiv coworking centers; structural-semiotic method, which determines the artistic and figurative content in the interior design of modern coworking space. Scientific novelty. The main theoretical concepts that became the basis for defining the interior of the coworking center as a unique type of artistic space are considered; -an analysis of the basic spatial concepts developed by famous philosophers who understand it as an artistic space; identified and analyzed the features of artistic solutions in the process of designing working interiors of domestic coworking centers; the factors of influence on the artistic and figurative decision of the interior of the coworking space are determined. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of existing spatial concepts, it is determined that the space of a modern coworking center can be considered one of the types of artistic space and identify certain semantic categories (according to Gabrichevsky, Spengler, Heidegger, etc.). Characteristic techniques and means of artistic expression of modern interiors of coworking centers, which are related to the understanding of space as an artistic concept, reflect the idea of ​​its polyphony and determine the artistic and aesthetic principles of domestic interior coworking center in the first decades of the XXI century. The study found that in the interiors of modern Kyiv coworking spaces ("Magazine", "Platform" (Leonardo Business Center and Art Factory), "New Work Labs", "Kooperativ", "Hub 4.0", "Creative Quarter", "LIFT99 Kyiv Hub", "Anthill Space", "Lofti Space", "Creative States", "Toloka", "Garden - Smartwork") implemented Eurasian and European types of organization of artistic space. Keywords: coworking center, interior design, artistic space, subject-spatial environment.

Features of the formation of the architectural and spatial environment of intergenerational centers

Необходимость создания межпоколенческих центров (МПЦ) обусловлена глобальными социокультурными изменениями общества, такими как возрастная сегрегация, культурный разрыв между поколениями и возрастная ценностная асимметрия. Изучаемая проблема является актуальной в связи с отсутствием научно проработанных концепций архитектурно-пространственной среды МПЦ в России. Цель данного исследования – выявление особенностей формирования архитектурно-пространственной среды МПЦ. Проведен анализ теоретических концепций и практического опыта проектирования МПЦ, на основе чего сформулированы принципы и приемы формирования архитектурно-пространственной среды МПЦ.

MIAAIM: Multi-omics image integration and tissue state mapping using topological data analysis and cobordism learning

High-parameter tissue imaging enables detailed molecular analysis of single cells in their spatial environment. However, the comprehensive characterization and mapping of tissue states through multimodal imaging across different physiological and pathological conditions requires data integration across multiple imaging systems. Here, we introduce MIAAIM (Multi-omics Image Alignment and Analysis by Information Manifolds) a modular, reproducible computational framework for aligning data across bioimaging technologies, modeling continuities in tissue states, and translating multimodal measures across tissue types. We demonstrate MIAAIM's workflows across diverse imaging platforms, including histological stains, imaging mass cytometry, and mass spectrometry imaging, to link cellular phenotypic states with molecular microenvironments in clinical biopsies from multiple tissue types with high cellular complexity. MIAAIM provides a robust foundation for the development of computational methods to integrate multimodal, high-parameter tissue imaging data and enable downstream computational and statistical interrogation of tissue states.

Creative Environment in the Context of Coworking Center Design

The article is devoted to identifying the features of the creative environment in the context of the specifics of the space of the coworking center and to determine the basic design principles and means of its creation. The concept of "creative space" in the context of the specifics of the design of the coworking center has been clarified and supplemented. In this study, the concept of creative environment is considered by us as a subject-spatial environment, in the process of development and creation of which the designer takes into account not only the specifics of the philosophy of self-realization, but also tools to meet this need in anthropocentric approach. The study found that modern coworking centers, thanks to unique design approaches, are positioned as a favorable creative environment for the work of the creative class in the context of the implementation of new creative ideas. It is proved that functionality, artistic image, providing the necessary conditions for efficiency, ease of use, safety and aesthetic pleasure from being in the space of the coworking center and interaction with objects is achieved only through a systematic approach to design, which takes into account functional and technological and social -cultural factors. It is determined that the creation of a creative environment of a coworking center by a designer is the result of complex design - joint technical, aesthetic and artistic activities, the main property of which is anthropocentrism, ie human orientation. Accordingly, in the design process, the designer proceeds solely from human needs (in this case during work) to avoid unwanted adaptation of visitors to the coworking center to the environment created by him.

Stage Design as a Spatial Environment of the Performance: Definition of the Concept

The article is devoted to the definition of "stage design". On the basis of terminological analysis, the essence of the concept of "stage design" is revealed, its essential features are determined and the connection with other concepts in the context of artistic design of a theatrical production is analyzed. With the help of comparative analysis, common and different features between the concept of "scenography" and "theatrical and decorative art" were revealed. The definition is understood by us as a list of essential features of an object or phenomenon that represent the concept and verbal expression of those specific features that distinguish this concept from related to it. The study found that stage design as a type of design and art activities involves the design, construction and organization of stage space with elements of other types of design, composition and stylistic devices. Its main task is to work with the environment of human life in a conventional play space, to create an artistic image of the play, which will make the viewer an emotional impression, relevant to the issue of staging. In our opinion, the term "stage design" most accurately reflects the state of the essential and conceptual approach to the solution of scenographic design of plays in domestic directing theater, the process of creating a unique visual image due to the synthesis of symbolic means to reveal the author's concept and meaningful content.

Innate heuristics and fast learning support escape route selection in mice

When faced with imminent danger, animals must rapidly take defensive actions to reach safety. Mice can react to innately threatening stimuli in less than 250 milliseconds [1] and, in simple environments, use spatial memory to quickly escape to shelter [2,3]. Natural habitats, however, often offer multiple routes to safety which animals must rapidly identify and choose from to maximize the chances of survival [4]. This is challenging because while rodents can learn to navigate complex mazes to obtain rewards [5,6], learning the value of different routes through trial-and-error during escape from threat would likely be deadly. Here we have investigated how mice learn to choose between different escape routes to shelter. By using environments with paths to shelter of varying length and geometry we find that mice prefer options that minimize both path distance and path angle relative to the shelter. This choice strategy is already present during the first threat encounter and after only ~10 minutes of exploration in a novel environment, indicating that route selection does not require experience of escaping. Instead, an innate heuristic is used to assign threat survival value to alternative paths after rapidly learning the spatial environment. This route selection process is flexible and allows quick adaptation to arenas with dynamic geometries. Computational modelling of different classes of reinforcement learning agents shows that the observed behavior can be replicated by model-based agents acting in an environment where the shelter location is rewarding during exploration. These results show that mice combine fast spatial learning with innate heuristics to choose escape routes with the highest survival value. They further suggest that integrating priors acquired through evolution with knowledge learned from experience supports adaptation to changing environments while minimizing the need for trial-and-error when the errors are very costly.

Sensorimotor Self-organization via Circular-Reactions

Newborns demonstrate innate abilities in coordinating their sensory and motor systems through reflexes. One notable characteristic is circular reactions consisting of self-generated motor actions that lead to correlated sensory and motor activities. This paper describes a model for goal-directed reaching based on circular reactions and exocentric reference-frames. The model is built using physiologically plausible visual processing modules and arm-control neural networks. The model incorporates map representations with ego- and exo-centric reference frames for sensory inputs, vector representations for motor systems, as well as local associative learning that result from arm explorations. The integration of these modules is simulated and tested in a three-dimensional spatial environment using Unity3D. The results show that, through self-generated activities, the model self-organizes to generate accurate arm movements that are tolerant with respect to various sources of noise.

FEATURES OF INTERIOR DESIGN OF SOCIAL HOUSING

The purposeof the study are analysis and definition of the main functional-planning, artistic and aesthetic features of the formation of interiors of social housing and development of proposals for their modern design solutions. Methodology. Theoretical and practical research methods were used, namely analysis of scientific and popular literature on the research topic, generalization of approaches to functional-planning and stylistic solutions of social housing based on analysis of design experience, experimental computer modeling using ArchiCAD and 3DsMax. Results. Based on the analysis of research and modern practice of formation of social housing, the methods of functional-planning and artistic-aesthetic organization of the internal environment of social housing and its subject-spatial content are revealed. Features and examples of rational interior design solutions for small apartments are considered. The scientific novelty lies in the generalization of previous research on this topic and the identification of functional and planning features of the formation of the subject-spatial environment of social housing of small apartments and providing suggestions for the design of their interiors. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in their introduction into the modern practice of designing social housing with economical small apartments and in the development of interiors of their internal subject-spatial environment.