Development of a natural treatment system consisting of red ball earth and alfalfa for the post-treatment of anaerobically digested livestock wastewater

With the objective of developing a post-treatment process for anaerobically digested livestock wastewater, an innovative natural treatment system composed of two units is proposed. The first trickling filter unit further reduced biochemical oxygen demand and achieved a certain degree of nitrification. The second soil-plant unit was targeted at the removal and recovery of nutrients N, P and K. For the feasibility study, a bench-scale soil column test was carried out, in which red ball earth and alfalfa were utilized for treating synthetic nutrient-enriched wastewater. Through long-term operation, the nitrification function was well established in the top layers, especially the top 20 cm, although a supplementary denitrification process was still required before discharge. P and K were retained by the soil through different mechanisms, and their plant-available forms that remained in the soil were considered suitable for indirect nutrient reuse. As for alfalfa, with wastewater application it fixed more N from the atmosphere, and directly recovered 6% of P and 4% of K input from wastewater. More importantly, alfalfa was verified to have an indispensable role in stimulating the soil nitrifying microorganisms by sustaining their abundance during substrate (NH3) and oxygen scarcity, and enhancing cell-specific nitrification potential during substrate (NH3) and oxygen sufficiency. The proposed system is expected to be further improved, and adopted as a sound countermeasure for livestock wastewater pollution.

PERANAN GARAM-GARAM ANORGANIK DALAM TUBUH SEBAGAI PRINSIP DASAR PADA SISTEM PENGOBATAN SECARA BIOKIMIA

A biochemical treatment is a natural treatment system, such as body cells treatment system use inorganik salt existed in human blood and tissues. The inorganic salt can heal all kind diseases, even though these salt existed in smaller amount inside body. These salt are required as active substances to build a million cells. When these substances are inadequate and transported by blood, the disturbance of body balance will occur. These condition are indicated by symptoms and various pains which are called diseases. On the biochemical treatment needs only twelve inorganic salts existed inside body. When a human lacks one of these salt, the various health disturbances will take place. Key works: Inorganic salts, Biochemical treatment system Abstrak Pengobatan secara biokimia adalah sistem pengobatan secara alamiah yaitu sistem pengobatan sel-sel tubuh dengan menggunakan garam-garam anorganik yang terdapat dalam darah dan jaringan. Garam anorganik ini atau dapat menyembuhkan berbagai macam penyakit walaupun garam ini dalam tubuh terdapat dalam jumlah yang sangat kecil, tetapi sangat diperlukan sebagai bahan aktif untuk membangun bejuta-juta sel. Bila bahan ini tidak mencukupi dibawa oleh darah mengakibatkan gangguan keseimbangan tubuh yang ditunjukkan dengan gejala-gejala atau berbagai keluhan-keluhan rasa sakit yang disebut dengan penyakit. Pada sistem pengobatan secara biokimia ini hanya memerlukan dua belas macam garam-garam anorganik yang meyerupai garam-garam anoganik yang terdapat dalam tubuh manusia. Bila kekurangan salah satu garam-garam ini akan menimbulkan bergagai gangguan kesehatan. Kata Kunci: Garam-garam Anorganik, Sistem Pengobatan Secara Biokimia