The Low-Church Idea of a University

William Rainey Harper, founder of the University of Chicago, was an accomplished biblical scholar who convinced John D. Rockefeller Sr. that Baptists needed a great university. While Harper emphasized Christian character, chapel, community, and Christian dimensions in teaching, he was also an efficiency expert who was later accused, as by Upton Sinclair and Thorsten Veblen, of building a university too much beholden to business interests. Amos Alonzo Stagg saw football as contributing to building character and community. In Harper’s “low-church idea of a university,” America was his parish. Sociology, as represented by Albion Small, was presented as a Christian and democratic moral enterprise and can be seen as a last flowering of moral philosophy. John Dewey, who had abandoned earlier Christian faith, exemplifies how a broadly Christian moral heritage might blend with democratic ideals.

Research for Application of Save Energy Piston Valve for Water Pump Balance Control

This paper introduces new type of save energy piston valve for water pump balance control, which is save energy efficiency expert. This piston valve is designed by pneumatic theory, and drive power is delivered by air compressor or pressure air source in waterworks. Pressure air is lead into cavity of piston valve by transfer action of “two positions and five channels ” electromagnetic valve, then piston drive valve to open or close water pump. This piston valve has followed functions such as balance control action, avoiding refluence, zero flow open and close, accidental power stop for water hammer and son on. Application of this piston valve had proved saving energy to 3%.

“Going After the High-Brows”: Frank Gilbreth and the Surgical Subject, 1912–1917

This article offers a close examination of the early twentieth-century studies of surgical motion conducted by Frank Gilbreth, the celebrated industrial efficiency expert. The willingness of surgeons to submit to Gilbreth's studies challenges conventional historical narratives, which have read these studies primarily as examples of the individual-effacing effects of technocracy. Through an exploration of the multiple motivations that brought surgeons and Gilbreth together, the article raises new interpretive possibilities for the study of American medicine, and also of industrial work and American culture in this period.