On the Arrangement of Pentagonal Columns in Tetragonal Tungsten Bronze-Type Nb18W16O93

The evaluation of HAADF-STEM images of a sample with the composition Nb18W16O93 provided new insights into its real structure. The basic structure comprises an intact octahedral framework of the tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB) type. The partial occupation of the pentagonal tunnels (PT) by metal–oxygen strings determines the oxygen-to-metal ratio (O/ΣM with M = Nb,W). For a large area, the O/ΣM was determined to be 2.755, which is bigger than the value of Nb18W16O93, which is O/ΣM = 2.735. To a large extent, the three-fold TTB superstructure of Nb8W9O47 with a high oxygen content is present (O/ΣM = 2.765). In addition, a new four-fold TTB superstructure was found in small domains. Nb12W11O63 with an O/ΣM = 2.739 obviously accommodates part of the sample’s metal excess compared to the stable phase Nb8W9O47.

Structures and phase transitions in barium sodium niobate tungsten bronze (BNN)

The room-temperature structure of the filled tetragonal tungsten bronze, Ba2NaNb5O15 (BNN), has been the subject of a number of studies, and these studies have given an almost corresponding number of different results. From a group theoretical examination of the different possibilities and a review of the published experimental results we conclude that the room-temperature structure is that proposed by Labbé et al. [J. Phys. Condens. Matter (1989), 2, 25–43] in the space group Bbm2 (Ama2 in standard setting) on a 2\sqrt{2}a × \sqrt{2}a × 2c cell. Upon heating, the structure remains ferroelectric but becomes tetragonal (space group P4bm) at 550 K, then paraelectric (space group P4/mbm) at and above 860 K.

On the Arrangement of Pentagonal Columns in Tetragonal Tungsten Bronze-Type Nb18W16O93

The evaluation of HAADF-STEM images of a sample with the composition Nb18W16O93 provided new insights in its real structure. The basic structure comprises an intact octahedral framework of the tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB) type. The partial occupation of the pentagonal tunnels (PT) by metal-oxygen strings determines the oxygen to metal ratio (O/SM with M = Nb,W). For a large area, the O/SM was determined to be 2.755 which is smaller than the value of Nb18W16O93 which is O/SM = 2. 735. To a large extent, the threefold TTB superstructure structure of Nb8W9O47 with a high oxygen content is present (O/SM = 2.765). In addition, a new fourfold TTB superstructure was found in small domains: Nb12W11O63 with an O/SM = 2.739 obviously accommodates a part of the sample’s metal excess compared to the stable phase Nb8W9O47.