Gauge-fixed Lattice QCD and the dispersion relation of Wilson fermions

We show that, when investigating Wilson-fermions correlation functions on the lattice, one is bound to encounter major difficulties in defining their dispersion relation, even at tree level. The problem is indeed quite general and, although we stumbled upon it while studying Coulomb-gauge applications, it also affects gauge fixed studies in covariant gauges, including their most popular version, Landau gauge. In this paper we will discuss a solution to this problems based on a redefinition of the kinematic momentum of the fermion.

Ratio of flavour non-singlet and singlet scalar density renormalisation parameters in $$N_\mathrm {f}=3$$ QCD with Wilson quarks

We determine non-perturbatively the normalisation factor $$r_{\mathrm{m}}\equiv Z_{\mathrm{S}}/Z_{\mathrm{S}}^{0}$$ r m ≡ Z S / Z S 0 , where $$Z_{\mathrm{S}}$$ Z S and $$Z_{\mathrm{S}}^{0}$$ Z S 0 are the renormalisation parameters of the flavour non-singlet and singlet scalar densities, respectively. This quantity is required in the computation of quark masses with Wilson fermions and for instance the renormalisation of nucleon matrix elements of scalar densities. Our calculation involves simulations of finite-volume lattice QCD with the tree-level Symanzik-improved gauge action, $$N_{\mathrm{f}}= 3$$ N f = 3 mass-degenerate $${\mathrm{O}}(a)$$ O ( a ) improved Wilson fermions and Schrödinger functional boundary conditions. The slope of the current quark mass, as a function of the subtracted Wilson quark mass is extracted both in a unitary setup (where nearly chiral valence and sea quark masses are degenerate) and in a non-unitary setup (where all valence flavours are chiral and the sea quark masses are small). These slopes are then combined with $$Z \equiv Z_{\mathrm{P}}/(Z_{\mathrm{S}}Z_{\mathrm{A}})$$ Z ≡ Z P / ( Z S Z A ) in order to obtain $$r_{\mathrm{m}}$$ r m . A novel chiral Ward identity is employed for the calculation of the normalisation factor Z. Our results cover the range of gauge couplings corresponding to lattice spacings below $$0.1\,$$ 0.1 fm, for which $$N_{\mathrm{f}}= 2+1$$ N f = 2 + 1 QCD simulations in large volumes with the same lattice action are typically performed.