Efficiency of the use of perfluorocarbon gas transport drugs for various forms of anemia in animals

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to determine the effectiveness of the use of perfluorocarbon gas vehicles in acute, severe anemia in animals caused by external blood loss and autoimmune intravascular hemolysis. Methodology: The effectiveness of the use of perfluorocarbon gas transport agents in acute, severe anemia in animals caused by external blood loss and autoimmune intravascular hemolysis was carried out based on the assessment of lethality in groups, biochemical criteria that were determined using an automatic biochemical blood analyzer and an assessment of hematocrit, which was determined using an automatic an analyzer of a general clinical analysis of blood with an impedance counting system. Results: The high efficiency of the use of perfluorocarbon gas transport drug - Perftoran in acute and severe anemia caused by external blood loss and autoimmune intravascular hemolysis was revealed on the basis of an assessment of the lethality of animals in groups in comparison with a blood preparation - donor erythrocyte mass. The lethality in the groups of animals that used the perfluorocarbon gas transport agent was significantly lower than that in the animals that used the erythrocyte mass, especially in acute and severe anemia caused by autoimmune intravascular hemolysis.

Study of Degradable Fibers with and without Guar Gum as a Proppant Transport Agent Using Large-Scale Slot Equipment

Summary Hydraulic fracturing with slickwater is a common practice in developing unconventional resources in North America. The proppant placement in the fractures largely determines the productivity of the well because it affects the conductivity of fractures. Despite the wide use of slickwater fracturing and the importance of proppant placement, the proppant transport is still not fully understood, and the efficiency of the proppant placement is mostly bound to the changes to proppant properties, friction reducers, and guar technology. Although the degradable fiber is currently used in some cases, it has not been well investigated. In this experimental study, we conducted a proppant transport experiment using different fluid compositions of fiber and guar gum in three types of proppant transport slot equipment. After the experiments, simulation was conducted with the commercial fracture software StimPlanTM (NSI Technologies 2020) to simulate and compare the fracture fluid performance with and without the fibers. The results indicate that using degradable fibers with or without the guar gum as a viscosifier can produce a fracture slurry applicable in both conventional and unconventional fracturing operations, helping proppant placement in the reservoir.