Melihat Indonesia dari Jendela Papua: Kebinekaan dalam Rajutan Budaya Melanesia

<div><p class="ABSTRAKen">This article reveals the dynamics of local communities in Papua in accommodating differences between them. Those different ethnic and cultural communities, are able to build social relations through cultural mechanisms. Using the ethnographic approach this article reveals that Papuan people have a strong cultural capital to relate existing differences. Through communal culture, exchange relation in the form of enjoying eating together, religion of relatives, and the culture of one stone stove made of three stone, as well as inter-clans marriage become the mechanism that becomes elements of social glue between the community members. Although tribal conflicts often occur, traditional communities have a way of handling conflict through cultural mechanisms, such as "eating together", "burning stones" and accompanied by slaughter of sacrificial animals.</p></div>

Bunyan: Class and Englishness

This chapter examines class and Englishness in Bunyan. It argues that interest in Bunyan and class is most evident at times of turmoil in British society, such as the 1930s, and that Bunyan’s Englishness is often linked to a sense of place, his literary achievement, and his Christianity. However, wider cultural changes mean that class and Englishness in Bunyan need to be re-examined. The Pilgrim’s Progress (1678; 1684) is shown to anticipate aspects of modern tourism and it is compared to Julian Barnes’s novel England, England (1998). The final part of this chapter, which focuses on The Life and Death of Mr. Badman (1680), looks at how an understanding of the exchange relation, as defined by Karl Marx, helps us to see the relationship between class and Englishness in the writings of Bunyan and elsewhere.

Black and Brown Worlds Heaving Upward

This chapter demonstrates how Toomer's critique of capitalist modernity comes to the fore in part 2 of Cane. Situated mostly in the nation's capital, the stories and poems here call into question the limitations of metonymic nationalism; if the liberation of the submerged masses is to occur, it will have to be part of a worldwide “heaving upward” of the underground races of the globe. Yet the exchange relation is also shown to dominate each and every human interaction; the very spaces within which modern city dwellers work, live, and revel are confined and constrained by a universal commodification that compels critical commentary. Faced with the task of representing this contradictory modern reality is the figure of the New Negro as artist.

Triangulations of cyclic polytopes

International audience We give a new description of the combinatorics of triangulations of even-dimensional cyclic polytopes, and of their bistellar flips. We show that the tropical exchange relation governing the number of intersections between diagonals of a polygon and a lamination (which generalizes to arbitrary surfaces) can also be generalized in a different way, to the setting of higher dimensional cyclic polytopes. Nous donnons une nouvelle description de la combinatoire des triangulations des polytopes cycliques, et de leurs mouvements bistellaires. Nous démontrons que la relation d’échange qui gouverne le nombre d'intersections entre les diagonaux d'une polygone et une lamination (qui peut être généralisée à une surface arbitraire) peut également être généralisée au cadre des polytopes cycliques.

The process of marketing management – between the management marketing activities and the operational marketing

The best known definitions provided to the concept of marketing management, in the last decades of the 21st century have in common – the orientation towards the client and the development of successfull relations with the clients, the substantion and operationalization of the mix of marketing, as the basis of the exchange relation, the involvement of all functional areas inside the organisation in managing relations in order to achieve the long term objectives of the organization – but the main issues are related to four basic activities: - analysis, planning, implementing and controlling marketing activities.