Polarization of the Muslim community towards government policies in overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia

The purpose of this paper is to analyses the phenomenon of Muslims responding to government policies in overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is a review of the polarization of Muslims towards government policies to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic. There has been a change in the lifestyle of the Indonesian ‘Muslim community during the COVID-19 pandemic, and one of them can be seen from their worship practices. The Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) as a religious authority has issued a fatwa that supports the government's program in preventing the transmission of COVID-19. However, polarization occurred among the people, giving rise to new social categories that tended to be opposed to pro-government people. The methodology used is a religious sociology approach. The conclusion of this analysis is that Muslims are polarized in accepting government policies, namely; 1) irrational-passive groups, those whose views are not based on scientific logic and do not provide solutions in preventing the COVID-19 pandemic, 2) active-hating groups but the arguments given tend to be irrational, 3) rational groups, but some are semi-rational and support government policies, 4) rational groups but shy in presenting their arguments, and 5) rational-active groups supporting government policies.

Integral group rings of solvable groups with trivial central units

The integral group ring {\mathbb{Z}G} of a group G has only trivial central units if the only central units of {\mathbb{Z}G} are {\pm z} for z in the center of G. We show that the order of a finite solvable group G with this property can only be divisible by the primes 2, 3, 5 and 7, by linking this to inverse semi-rational groups and extending one result on this class of groups. We also classify the Frobenius groups whose integral group rings have only trivial central units.

CRITICAL STUDY ON LEGAL THINKING OF MUHAMMAD SHAHRUR

Syahrur is a controversial thinker from Syria who offers a new epistemological base on the Theory of the Boundary (Nadzariyah Al-Hudud), in response to the stagnation of the study of Islamic legal thought, as well as a critique of the literal and rational groups that always dwell on the revelation and reason to provide modernity to its people. The thought of the Syharur reaped much criticism and blasphemy even in some of the country's books forbidden to read and circulate. But Western academics give full appreciation because Syahrur managed to continue the work that has not been done Fazlur Rahman with his double movement.In Boundary Theory (Nadzariyah Al-Hudud), Shahrur distinguishes between the prevailing limits of worship and the limits applicable in the al-hudud theme. For Shahrur, worship in the sense of the relationship between human and God that is tawqifiyah, consists of four categories only, namely prayer, zakat, fasting Ramadan, and hajj for the capable. Such forms have been finalized after being perfected by Islam and inviolable. While there are several possible forms for the development of law, Syahrur divides it into 6 theoretical models of maximum and minimum limits. Keywords; Syria, dialectics, Nadzariyah Al-Hudud, Pluralism, Polygamy