scholarly journals CRITICAL STUDY ON LEGAL THINKING OF MUHAMMAD SHAHRUR

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Havis Aravik ◽  
Choiriyah Choiriyah ◽  
Saprida Saprida
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Boundary Theory ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Legal Thought ◽  
Legal Thinking ◽  
Rational Groups ◽  
The Relationship

Syahrur is a controversial thinker from Syria who offers a new epistemological base on the Theory of the Boundary (Nadzariyah Al-Hudud), in response to the stagnation of the study of Islamic legal thought, as well as a critique of the literal and rational groups that always dwell on the revelation and reason to provide modernity to its people. The thought of the Syharur reaped much criticism and blasphemy even in some of the country's books forbidden to read and circulate. But Western academics give full appreciation because Syahrur managed to continue the work that has not been done Fazlur Rahman with his double movement.In Boundary Theory (Nadzariyah Al-Hudud), Shahrur distinguishes between the prevailing limits of worship and the limits applicable in the al-hudud theme. For Shahrur, worship in the sense of the relationship between human and God that is tawqifiyah, consists of four categories only, namely prayer, zakat, fasting Ramadan, and hajj for the capable. Such forms have been finalized after being perfected by Islam and inviolable. While there are several possible forms for the development of law, Syahrur divides it into 6 theoretical models of maximum and minimum limits.  Keywords; Syria, dialectics, Nadzariyah Al-Hudud, Pluralism, Polygamy

An Ethos of Inclusion for Global Nursing Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Michele J. Upvall
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
The Relationship

The Year of the Nurse and Midwife, 2020, is an opportunity for global nurses to realize the ethos of inclusion for transformative global nursing partnerships. Including all partners in developing and maintaining the relationship provides the foundation for bidirectionality whereby all partners learn and grow personally and professionally from each other. Guidelines, theoretical models, and Codes of Ethics are suggested for applying an ethos of inclusion in all global nursing partnerships.

Philosophical Analysis and Historical Inquiry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksymilian Del Mar
Keyword(s):  
Philosophical Analysis ◽  
Historical Inquiry ◽  
Legal Thought ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter considers the relationship between philosophical analysis and historical inquiry, including the specific virtues that historical inquiry brings, what is lost when theorizing is restricted to philosophical analysis, and why this all matters for theorizing law and legal thought. In other words, the chapter attempts to articulate how historical inquiry is generative theoretically and how it can exist, as part of the broader activity of theorizing, in fruitful tension with philosophical analysis. The approach is based on a particular concept of historical inquiry and its resulting historical insights, which is presented in the first part of the chapter. The second part offers some illustrations of the value of historical inquiry for theorizing law and legal thought.

scholarly journals Which hand is mine? Discriminating body ownership perception in a two-alternative forced choice task

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Chancel ◽  
H. Henrik Ehrsson
Keyword(s):  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Body Ownership ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
Forced Choice Task ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spatial Congruence ◽  
Perception Action

The experience of one’s body as one’s own is referred to as the sense of body ownership. This central part of human conscious experience determines the boundary between the self and the external environment, a crucial distinction in perception, action, and cognition. Although body ownership is known to involve the integration of signals from multiple sensory modalities, including vision, touch and proprioception, little is known about the principles that determine this integration process, and the relationship between body ownership and perception is unclear. These uncertainties stem from the lack of a sensitive and rigorous method to quantify body ownership. Here, we describe a two-alternative forced choice discrimination task that allows precise and direct measurement of body ownership as participants decide which of two rubber hands feels more like their own in a version of the rubber hand illusion. In two experiments, we show that the temporal and spatial congruence principles of multisensory stimulation, which determine ownership discrimination, impose tighter constraints than previously thought and that texture congruence constitutes an additional principle; these findings are compatible with theoretical models of multisensory integration. Taken together, our results suggest that body ownership constitutes a genuine perceptual multisensory phenomenon that can be quantified with psychophysics in discrimination experiments.

scholarly journals CRITICAL STUDY OF IRANIAN MOVIE »NASSEREDIN SHAH, ACTOR OF CINEMA «ON THE BASIS OF THEORIES OF THE POSTMODERN NOVELS

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirzad Tayefi ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Ramezani Fookulaee
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Postmodern Literature ◽  
Visual Texts ◽  
French School ◽  
Fiction Writers ◽  
Visual Text ◽  
The Relationship

Contrary to the French school of comparative literature, according to which it is merely possible to compare the two written texts in terms of conditions, in the American approach, the adaptation of literary texts to various arts, including cinema, is possible, which leads to a better understanding of literature. Since novels and films have many similarities, they are in many respects similar to each other, and two genres are considered analogous.These commons provide a good ground for discussing a movie from the perspective of a new literary theory and critique, and allow us to use the concepts and terminology we normally know as a tool for discussing the novel to critically explore the structure and art and the themes of the film. On the other hand, in recent years, the term "postmodernism" has been widely criticized about the novel in our country, and many new fiction writers also have a fascination with postmodern style fiction. Therefore, in this research, first, reviewing the views of some of the most important postmodern literature scholars, nineteen techniques used in postmodern novels are explored, and their qualitative method of applying them to Naser al-Dinshah film actor have been investigated.The results of the study show the relationship between literature and cinema (as a visual text) and the ability to compare the two written and visual texts; as many techniques used in the writing of postmodern novels are also with a high frequency have been used in the studied film

scholarly journals To the question of the relationship between the government and the population through the prism of history

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Lilia Alekseyeva ◽  
Svetlana Mayorova
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Real ◽  
Legal Thought ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to the study of the development of political and legal thought, devoted to the problem of the relationship between power and the state, as well as the real implementation of these concepts.

scholarly journals The Cruelty of Supersessionism: The Case of Dietrich Bonhoeffer

Religions ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
John E. Phelan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Study ◽  
Biblical Text ◽  
Dietrich Bonhoeffer ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church

The impact of the Shoah on Christian biblical and theological studies has been significant. The Christian doctrine of supersessionism, the replacement of the Jews and Judaism by the Christian church, has come in for particular criticism. Some more traditional scholars have either ignored these critiques or suggested that they were shaped not by critical study of the biblical text but by Christian guilt. It is also argued that the supersessionist argument is so thoroughly woven into the Christian story that extracting it would destroy the story itself. For some, it appears that there is no Christianity without supersessionism. This paper argues not only that this challenge to supersessionism was indeed the result of post-Shoah reflection, but that such challenges were appropriate and necessary. It does this in part by considering the case of German pastor and theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer whose early citations of the “teachings of contempt” were challenged by the violence of Nazis and the clarity of their intent to destroy both the Jews and, eventually, the church. A non-supersessionist Christianity is both possible and necessary, not simply to preserve the relationship between Christians and Jews, but to enable both communities to engage in the work of “consummation” and “redemption” that God has entrusted to them.

scholarly journals CD8 coreceptor-mediated focusing can reorder the agonist hierarchy of peptide ligands recognized via the T cell receptor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew Clement ◽  
Lea Knezevic ◽  
Tamsin Dockree ◽  
James E. McLaren ◽  
Kristin Ladell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Dissociation Rate ◽  
Peptide Ligands ◽  
Controlled System ◽  
Peptide Antigens ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTCD8+ T cells are inherently cross-reactive and recognize numerous peptide antigens in the context of a given major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) molecule via the clonotypically expressed T cell receptor (TCR). The lineally expressed coreceptor CD8 interacts coordinately with MHCI at a distinct and largely invariant site to slow the TCR/peptide-MHCI (pMHCI) dissociation rate and enhance antigen sensitivity. However, this biological effect is not necessarily uniform, and theoretical models suggest that antigen sensitivity can be modulated in a differential manner by CD8. We used an intrinsically controlled system to determine how the relationship between the TCR/pMHCI interaction and the pMHCI/CD8 interaction affects the functional sensitivity of antigen recognition. Our data show that modulation of the pMHCI/CD8 interaction can reorder the agonist hierarchy of peptide ligands across a spectrum of affinities for the TCR.SIGNIFICANCESufficient immune coverage of the peptide universe within a finite host requires highly degenerate T cell receptors (TCRs). However, this inherent need for antigen cross-recognition is associated with a high risk of autoimmunity, which can only be mitigated by a process of adaptable specificity. We describe a mechanism that resolves this conundrum by allowing individual clonotypes to focus on specific peptide ligands without alterations to the structure of the TCR.

scholarly journals Do Stress Trajectories Predict Mortality in Older Men? Longitudinal Findings from the VA Normative Aging Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn M. Aldwin ◽  
Nuoo-Ting Molitor ◽  
Avron Spiro ◽  
Michael R. Levenson ◽  
John Molitor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Growth Mixture Model ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Relationship

We examined long-term patterns of stressful life events (SLE) and their impact on mortality contrasting two theoretical models: allostatic load (linear relationship) and hormesis (inverted U relationship) in 1443 NAS men (aged 41–87 in 1985;M= 60.30, SD = 7.3) with at least two reports of SLEs over 18 years (total observations = 7,634). Using a zero-inflated Poisson growth mixture model, we identified four patterns of SLE trajectories, three showing linear decreases over time with low, medium, and high intercepts, respectively, and one an inverted U, peaking at age 70. Repeating the analysis omitting two health-related SLEs yielded only the first three linear patterns. Compared to the low-stress group, both the moderate and the high-stress groups showed excess mortality, controlling for demographics and health behavior habits, HRs = 1.42 and 1.37,ps<.01and<.05. The relationship between stress trajectories and mortality was complex and not easily explained by either theoretical model.

Boundary Theory for Symmetric Markov Processes

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Qing Chen ◽  
Masatoshi Fukushima
Keyword(s):  
Markov Processes ◽  
Boundary Theory ◽  
Symmetric Markov Processes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Lateral Condition

This chapter proposes a boundary theory for symmetric Markov processes. It begins by investigating the relationship between the space (Fₑ,E) and the space ((ℱ⁰)ref, ℰ 0,ref). Next, the chapter focuses on the restricted spaces ℱ₀∣F, ℱ∣F and their descriptions in terms of the Feller measures U, V, and U α‎ and the Douglas integrals defined by them. The chapter then introduces the lateral condition for the L² generator and studies the case where the set F consists of countably many points that are located in an invariant way under a quasi-homeomorphism. It then turns to one-point extensions and examples of these, and follows up with many-point extensions and their examples as well.

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