An Analytical Model for Multihop LoRaWAN Networks

LoRaWAN is one of the most popular LPWAN technology due to the facility to implement applications that require a low cost, low energy consumption, low data rate, and large coverage area. A LoRaWAN network is composed of end-devices that transmit data to gateways, forming a single-hop star topology. Multihop networks are receiving the attention of the LoRaWAN community since it allows to extend the coverage area and improve the energy efficiency,<br>thus prolonging the network lifetime. In this paper, we propose an analytical model for multihop LoRaWAN networks.<br>We investigate the energy consumption, throughput, delay, and packet delivery ratio of single-hop and multihop relay<br>networks. The results showed that the network performance could be improved with relay nodes, giving insights to new<br>multihop proposals for LoRaWAN.

An Analytical Model for Multihop LoRaWAN Networks

LoRaWAN is one of the most popular LPWAN technology due to the facility to implement applications that require a low cost, low energy consumption, low data rate, and large coverage area. A LoRaWAN network is composed of end-devices that transmit data to gateways, forming a single-hop star topology. Multihop networks are receiving the attention of the LoRaWAN community since it allows to extend the coverage area and improve the energy efficiency,<br>thus prolonging the network lifetime. In this paper, we propose an analytical model for multihop LoRaWAN networks.<br>We investigate the energy consumption, throughput, delay, and packet delivery ratio of single-hop and multihop relay<br>networks. The results showed that the network performance could be improved with relay nodes, giving insights to new<br>multihop proposals for LoRaWAN.

WDM Local-Area Networks

WDM-based broadcast-and-select transmission over optical passive-star topology can significantly enhance the speed of optical LANs/MANs. This type of optical LAN/MAN (or simply WDM LAN) can function using a variety of network architectures. In particular, WDM LANs can transmit packets between two nodes using direct or single-hop transmission or through intermediate nodes using multihop transmission, leading to broadly two types of network architectures: single-hop and multihop. The nodes in WDM LANs can employ two types of transmitters and receivers: tunable transmitter (TT) or fixed transmitter (FT) and tunable receiver (TR) or fixed receiver (FR), giving four types of WDM transceiver configurations: TT-TR, TT-FR, FT-TR, and FT-FR. Of the four configurations, the first three can realize single-hop communication, while the fourth generally leads to multihop networks. In this chapter, we describe various types of passive-star-based WDM LANs and examine their salient performance features. (141 words)