Pluralism in the Fiqh Sosial’s Perspective

Methodologically, Fiqh Sosial encourages the resolution of people's problems by using the qauli and manhaji schools of thought. The qauli school of choice takes precedence. If the qauli school is unable to provide a solution to the problems at hand, then the manhaji school of thought is used. Basically, the qauli school of thought is sufficient if it is used in solving basic pluralism problems. However, if the issue of pluralism has entered a more complicated domain, and the qauli school of thought is no longer sufficient, then the manhaji school of thought can be used. The implementation of the methodology of Fiqh Sosial in the issue of pluralism can be seen from the consistency of Kiai Sahal in harmonizing his thoughts and his daily life. Kiai Sahal shows an open mind in building relationships and collaborating with many people from various ethnic, religious and professional backgrounds. This paper is the result of research on pluralism in the perspective of Fiqh Sosial. This study aims to determine the concept of Fiqh Sosial regarding pluralism and the application of Fiqh Sosial methodology in responding to pluralism issues. This research is a qualitative research. This research is a literature study using descriptive methods.

A Blockchain-Based Robotic Process Automation Mechanism in Educational Setting

Blockchain technology and robotic process automation are increasingly the focus of attention in research, as these are both used successfully in business, marketing, manufacturing, and finance. However, their application in educational contexts is still emerging. This chapter uses an illustrative example of an online school registration system to explore how a blockchain-based robotic process automation mechanism can resolve the inherent challenges. The proposed system allows parents to register their Grade 1 and Grade 8 children for their school of choice. There is competition for places in certain schools and a history of unfair allocation of educational resources; hence, there is mistrust. To counter this threat, this study proposes a blockchain-based robotic automation process mechanism to fairly and transparently allocate educational resources. It recommends that further design science research be conducted in which the blockchain is supplemented by additional technological processes to enhance data-sharing in educational settings.

Flight to Safety in Deindustrialized Cities: Perceptions of School Safety in Charter and Public Schools in Detroit, Michigan

Safety is one of the primary reasons why parents report seeking out a school of choice in depressed cities with a high proportion of charter schools. However, little empirical research has examined how parents assess school safety in these settings. This study explores factors that parents associate with school safety in Detroit, Michigan by conducting semi-structured interviews with parents ( n = 31) in both charter and public schools. To contextualize parents’ perceptions of school safety, teachers ( n = 23) were also interviewed. Findings indicate that parental perceptions of safety were shaped by school building conditions, school disciplinary environment, school-based parental involvement, student selection, and school location. These perceived indicators of safety suggest that components of school climate may be important for raising perceptions of safety in challenging contexts where school safety is a pressing concern.