Diagnostic and epidemiological studies on obstructive feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) with special reference to anatomical findings in Egyptian tomcats

Feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) is a common urinary problem facing small animal veterinarians all over the world. There are few data about the occurrence and prevalence of this condition among tomcats in Egypt, especially regarding obstructive FLUTD. Urethral obstruction was more prevalent in the Persian breed, 2-3 years old intact tomcats kept mostly on dry food with occasional access to water. This affection occurred more commonly in winter months and especially in case of aggression and stress between tomcats. Physical, haematobiochemical evaluation and urinalysis were performed for cases with obstructive FLUTD. The anatomical analysis of the urethral anatomy of tomcats revealed that the most susceptible parts of urethra for obstructions were at the prostatic and the membranous urethra, isthmus urethrae and the penile urethra. Also, anatomical data were very helpful during treatment with catheterisation. The present study throwed a light on the diagnostic evaluation and epidemiology of the obstructive feline lower urinary tract disease among tomcats at the Small animal hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.

Livestock diseases in sub-Himalayan temperate region: A Garrett’s ranking analysis

Fifteen clusters of villages were identified and selected for the purpose of study. In general, these villages are located at 32.6°N (latitude); 76.3°E (longitude); 1,290.8 m (altitude). The area is characterized by mild summer and moderate to severe winter having the mean monthly minimum temperature varying from 5.0±0.9 °C in January to 20.4±1.2 °C in June. Garett’s ranking technique was followed to analyse the particular problem or disease perceived by the farmers as well as identify by the multidiscipline teams in livestock. In cattle, highest incidence of haematuria (16.74%) was recorded followed by repeat breeding (14.97%). Whereas in case of buffalo emaciation / weakness (17.24%), GI parasitic infections (16.09%), and tick/ lice infestation (16.09%) were the major problems. Parasitic infections (36.84%), diarrhoea/ dysentery (31.57%) and tick / lice infestation (14.03%) were recorded as major problem in goats. The major disease/ disorder observed in bullocks were haematuria (28.23%), urinary problem (24.70%) and parasitic infestation (16.47 %). In the horse/ ponies parasitic infestation (37.93%) followed by weakness (24.13%) and tick/ lice infestation (17.24%) and parasitic infections (31.81%) followed by mange (27.27%) were the major health problem in the pet’s animals. The study enlighted the animal health scenario in the region.