Livestock diseases in sub-Himalayan temperate region: A Garrett’s ranking analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Ram Meena ◽  
B. S. Meena ◽  
Gopal Sankhala
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Urinary Problem ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ranking Analysis ◽  
Livestock Diseases ◽  
Ranking Technique

Fifteen clusters of villages were identified and selected for the purpose of study. In general, these villages are located at 32.6°N (latitude); 76.3°E (longitude); 1,290.8 m (altitude). The area is characterized by mild summer and moderate to severe winter having the mean monthly minimum temperature varying from 5.0±0.9 °C in January to 20.4±1.2 °C in June. Garett’s ranking technique was followed to analyse the particular problem or disease perceived by the farmers as well as identify by the multidiscipline teams in livestock. In cattle, highest incidence of haematuria (16.74%) was recorded followed by repeat breeding (14.97%). Whereas in case of buffalo emaciation / weakness (17.24%), GI parasitic infections (16.09%), and tick/ lice infestation (16.09%) were the major problems. Parasitic infections (36.84%), diarrhoea/ dysentery (31.57%) and tick / lice infestation (14.03%) were recorded as major problem in goats. The major disease/ disorder observed in bullocks were haematuria (28.23%), urinary problem (24.70%) and parasitic infestation (16.47 %). In the horse/ ponies parasitic infestation (37.93%) followed by weakness (24.13%) and tick/ lice infestation (17.24%) and parasitic infections (31.81%) followed by mange (27.27%) were the major health problem in the pet’s animals. The study enlighted the animal health scenario in the region.

Survey of management practices used by Brazilian dairy farmers and recommendations provided by 43 dairy cattle nutritionists

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 890-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego P. Silva ◽  
Alexandre M. Pedroso ◽  
Murillo C.S. Pereira ◽  
Gustavo P. Bertoldi ◽  
Daniel H.M. Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Nutritional Recommendations ◽  
The Mean

This work aimed to survey management practices used by dairy farmers and to report nutritional recommendations adopted by 43 dairy cattle nutritionists in Brazil. The web-based survey consisted of 80 questions. Almost 50% of the participants had clients that produce <1000 kg of milk daily and 48.8% had clients who own fewer than 100 dairy cows. Corn was the primary source of grain (97.4%), and 43.9% of the nutritionists included from 41% to 50% concentrate in lactation diets. The mean roughage inclusion in lactation diets was 50.5% and 79% of the nutritionists reported corn silage as the primary roughage source. Average crude protein and rumen-degradable protein concentrations recommended by the nutritionists for lactation diets were 15.7% and 9%, respectively. Average Ca and P concentrations recommended for lactation diets were 0.70% and 0.41%, respectively. The major health problem reported by 83.9% of the nutritionists was mastitis. The present survey provides an overview of management practices adopted by dairy farmers and nutritional recommendations currently applied by dairy cattle nutritionists in Brazil. The most critical points identified were low milk yield, mastitis as the major health problem, lack of proper mixing and delivery of rations, and destination of male calves.

Pattern of intra-peritoneal intra-abdominal injuries in polytrauma patients admitted to general surgery department at El-Demerdash Hospital

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mohamed Kamal Ahmed ◽  
Mohammad Ahmad Abd-erRazik Awad-Allah ◽  
Joseph Ellia Fahmy Hermina
Keyword(s):  
General Surgery ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Abdominal Organ ◽  
Abdominal Injuries ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Polytrauma Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Surgery Department

Abstract Background Severe or major trauma is a worldwide pandemic and one of the leading causes of death and disability. Polytrauma always involves young, productive individuals and represents a substantial burden on the society. Aim of the Work To detect the incidence and the pattern of intra-abdominal injuries in polytraumatized patients admitted to the general surgery department at El-Demerdash Hospital and to estimate the trauma burden in General Surgery Department Ain Shams University. Patients and Methods Retrospective study of records of polytrauma patients admitted to general surgery department at El-Demerdash Hospital from the period of January 2018 to June 2018. Results In the specified study period of 6 months from 1/1 /2018 to 31/6 /2018, the ER department of Ain Shams University hospital (El-Demerdash hospital) received 3,328 cases of trauma out of which 40 cases were admitted at General Surgery Department with incidence rate 1.2% of total polytrauma patients admitted in the hospital in various departments. There were 37.5% of patients with intra-abdominal collection with no documented organ injury. Most common intra-abdominal organ injured was spleen 17.5% then liver the largest intra-abdominal organ 5% and stomach 5%, least to be injured were bowel loops 2.5%. Conclusion Polytrauma is a major health problem and a major cause of death in Egypt. 40 trauma cases were admitted to general surgery department. 80% of them were males and 20% were females. The mean age of trauma victims was 33.3 years old. 42.5% of them had surgeries. The study recorded 7.5% fatalities.

A Comparative Study to Assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practices among Cases of Recently Diagnosed Diabetes and Known Cases of Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 422
Author(s):  
V. Vinotha ◽  
T. H. Hema ◽  
A. J. Hemamalini
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes

<p>A good knowledge of disease management is necessary in promoting health. Diabetes Mellitus is a major health problem with individual, social and economical consequences. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) surveys are effective in providing a baseline for evaluating intervention programs. This is a comparative study to assess KAP among case of recently diagnosed diabetes and known case of diabetes. A cross-sectional survey comprising of 112 patients (56-recently diagnosed and 56-known cases) was conducted in Sri Ramachandra Hospital and volunteers from the community for a period of three months. A structured closed ended questionnaire for KAP on DM with demographic information was formulated. A pilot study was conducted to compute the scoring of adequate &gt;75, moderately adequate 50-75, inadequate &lt;50. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean age was 49.2±8.4 years and BMI 25.41±4.82 kg/m².Mean score of knowledge in known cases, 12±2, was comparatively higher than recently diagnosed diabetes (10±3). Mean score of attitude in known cases, 13±2, was comparatively higher than recently diagnosed diabetes (11±4). Mean score of attitude in known cases, 10±2, was comparatively higher than recently diagnosed diabetes (9±3). Significance was shown between both knowledge and socio- demographic data in the known cases and attitude practice with socio-demographic data in recently diagnosed diabetes. When KAP was compared between the two groups, known cases had a higher score. They had good knowledge and attitude but poor practices related to diabetes than recently diagnosed subjects.</p>

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Preventive Practices Regarding Hypertension among 40 Years and above Population Residing in Mahadevsthan, Kathmandu

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
Elina Khatri ◽  
SB Mahabharata ◽  
RK Yadav ◽  
N Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases in both developed and developing countries. In recent time the epidemiological transition of countries from communicable diseases to non-communicable diseases had increased its importance. Hypertension had been ranked as a top five cause of mortality in Nepal. Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) is a crucial element ofhypertension control, but little information is available from developing countries where hypertension has lately been recognized as a major health problem. Objectives: To assess knowledge level, attitude and preventive practices regarding hypertension among 40 years and above population residing in Mahadevsthan, Kathmandu. Methodology: A cross sectional analytical study was conducted using Probability Proportionate Sampling (PPS) in 9 wards of Mahadevsthan, Kathmandu. Interview was done with closed ended Questionnaire for data collection among 165 respondents aged 40 years and above. Results:The study shows that the distribution of hypertension among respondents to be 22.4%. The mean age of respondents was 55 years with maximum of 97 years. The average knowledge score was 12.9 out of total 41 score. More than half of respondents i.e. 52.1% had a good knowledge on hypertension.

scholarly journals Paracoccidioidomycosis mortality in Brazil (1980-1995)

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1441-1454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziadir Francisco Coutinho ◽  
Delson da Silva ◽  
Márcia Lazéra ◽  
Valéria Petri ◽  
Rosely Magalhães de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sequential Data ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Low Visibility ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Long Term Trend ◽  
Annual Mortality

This study analyzes 3,181 deaths from paracoccidioidomycosis in Brazil, based on 16 years of sequential data (from 1980 to 1995). During this period paracoccidioidomycosis showed considerable magnitude and low visibility, representing the eighth most common cause of death from predominantly chronic or recurrent types of infectious and parasitic diseases. It also had the highest mortality rate among the systemic mycoses. The mean annual mortality rate was 1.45 per million inhabitants, indicating a downward long-term trend (reduction of 31.28%), while spatial distribution among the different regions and States of Brazil was non-homogenous. The South (with the highest regional rate) and the Southeast showed a downward trend, while the Central West had the second highest rate in the country. At least one-fifth of Brazilian municipalities (or 22.71% of the country's total area) reported deaths from paracoccidioidomycosis. Overall nationwide mortality per area was 3.73/10,000km². The disease was endemic in non-metropolitan areas. The majority of deaths occurred in males (84.75%), and there was a sex ratio of 562 men/100 women. The 30-59-year and over-60-year age groups were the most affected. The study showed that the mortality rate justifies classifying this disease as a major health problem in Brazil.

scholarly journals Factors influencing malnutrition among the children of under 5 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Shanti Bajracharya ◽  
Anup Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Physical Size ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: Childhood is the time of active growth in terms of physical size, mental, emotional and psychological development. Nutritional status is the proxy indicator for assessing the health status of the entire population and one of the major predictors of child survival. Despite the various efforts, malnutrition among children is remaining as one of the major public health problems in Nepal. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the factors influencing malnutrition among the mother of the children aged 6 to 59 months. Method: A descriptive exploratory study using non-probability purposive sampling method was conducted with 79 paired of mother with children, residing in Itahari ward number 2. Data were collected by interview technique using semi-structured questionnaires and analysis was done by using SPSS version 20 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean age of the child was 32 months and standard deviation was 17.05. The prevalence of underweight, wasting and stunting was found to be 16.4%, 11.3 % and 7.6% respectively. Likewise, 17.06 % of the children were found below < -2 S.D on the basis of BMI per age of the children. Furthermore, it was found that there was significant association between educational status of mother with the malnutrition (underweight) as p-value was <0.05. Conclusion: Malnutrition is the major health problem in under 5 children. The prevalence of malnutrition can be decreased by improving the caretaker’s educational level through different awareness programmes based on the factors responsible for that.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Factors Among Residents in Cyprus

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Medical Office ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Mean

Background: Hypertension is a major health problem that physicians have to face globally. It is known as the most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Objectives: This study searched for the prevalence of hypertension among the residents of Cyprus. Methods: The study involved 195 patients with or without treatment for arterial hypertension with age ranged among 34-93 years, patients examined and followed for 2 years at the medical office. Hypertension was defined as Systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 and/or Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90mm Hg. Data were analysed using statistics. Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was 38.1% (male 42.7% and female 33.4%). The mean age of the respondents was 66.6 ± 12.4 years. 26.8% of the patients who enrolled in the study were obese. Alcohol and tobacco use were found in 33.2% and 42.2% of the population studied. Hypertension was significantly associated in age groups 45-85 years, and also being overweight or obese. Conclusion: The above data show a high prevalence of hypertension, even in patients under anti-hypertensive treatment. Policy makers should study the need for further awareness at the primary sector preventively and implement interventions for early detection and care of hypertension, in early stage.

scholarly journals Clinico-Epidemiological Study on Pesticide Poisoning in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (196) ◽  
pp. 972-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Kumar Agrawaal ◽  
Prahalad Karki
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pesticide Poisoning ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Introduction: Pesticide poisoning is a major health problem worldwide. In Nepal the most common cause is suicidal and pesticides account for more than fifty percent of cases. The objective of the study was to look in detail regarding the pesticide poisoning cases admitted at BPKIHS; their epidemiological profile, presentation, treatment and their outcome during the hospital stay. Drug therapy included specific antidotal drugs; atropine and pralidoxime (PAM) and some nonspecificdrugs: antimicrobials and sedatives. Methods: It was a retrospective study which included 2621 patients with poisoning of which 1661 cases were related to pesticides. Results: The mean age at presentation was 29 years. The mean duration of hospital stay was 6.7 days. The majority of patients 81.16% showed improvement whereas 6.6% of patients died within 24 hours of admission and 3.54% after 48 hours of admission. Among all the patients 0.5% patients were given ICU care and all others were managed in the different units of medicine ward. The total amount of atropine administered varied considerably from patient to patient, according to the need. Most of the cases were under the influence of alcohol. All the patients had a psychiatry evaluation before discharge. Conclusions: Pesticide poisoning is increasing in incidence and it is one of the preventable public health problems and includes mainly the patients’ age group 20-30 years. Due to easy availability of pesticides it is the most preferred method of suicide, the main reasons being impulsive act and increased indebtedness in the society.  Keywords: pesticides; organophosphorous poisoning.

scholarly journals Clinico-pathological characteristics of colorectal carcinoma at university teaching hospital, Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Surendra Shah ◽  
Samir Shrestha ◽  
Jay Narayan Shah ◽  
Sanjaya Paudyal
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Right Colon ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Pathological Characteristics ◽  
Bleeding Per Rectum ◽  
The Mean

Introductions: Colorectal cancer is a major health problem in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinico-pathological characteristics of colorectal carcinoma at Patan hospital, Nepal.Methods: A retrospective chart review was done for patients operated for colorectal carcinoma at Patan Hospital from May 2004 to April 2012. Demographic information, chief complains, site of primary cancer, and histological types were analyzed.Results: There were 73 patients (37 males and 36 females) with colorectal carcinoma. The mean age was 52 years. There were 21 (28.77%) patients below 40 years of age. Patients with rectal carcinoma presented with bleeding per rectum in 69.70% and 60% of patients with colon cancer presented with pain abdomen. Rectum was involved in 31 (42.47%) and right colon in 30 (41.10%). Adenocarcinoma was seen in 72 (98.63%).Conclusions: The colorectal carcinoma is not only the disease of old age. We had 29% of our patients below 40 year. Rectum and right colon were equally affected.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Training on improving Knowledge and Skills Basic Life support in Lay People

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Abdul Qodir
Keyword(s):  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Lay People ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Effectiveness Of Training ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major health problem throughout the world. The best survival rates are achieved when trained people provide OHCA victims with basic life support (CPR). This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of training on  improving knowledge and skills  basic life support in lay people. One group pretes posttest design was conducted in this study in integrated laboratory Widyagama Husada School of health. A total 15 participants were ware selected by Consecutive Sampling. Data were collected on  respondent characteristics, knowledge and practical skills basic life support. Data were analyzed using paired  t-tests. The mean score in knowledge and skills ware 54,67 and 33,67 at pretest and 76,3 and 85,07 (p = 0.000) at posttest. The Training significant on  improving Knowledge and Skills  Basic Life support in Lay People.

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