Security in Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks

Thanks to the much larger geographical coverage and pleasing bandwidth of data transmissions, Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (WMANs) have become widely accepted in many countries for everyday communications. Two of the main wireless technologies used in WMANs, the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX, also known as Wireless Local Loop or WLL) and Long Term Evolution (LTE), have generated billions of dollars in the ever-growing wireless communication market. While the IEEE 802.16 standards for WiMAX and the 3GPP standards LTE are updated and improved almost annually, it is inevitable that current standards still contain a number of security vulnerabilities, potentially leading to various security attacks. To address the security concerns in these two WMANs technologies, this chapter presents the technical details of security aspects of WiMAX and LTE. More specifically, the key generation, authentication, data, and key confidentiality and integrity of both technologies are deliberated. The chapter ends with a discussion of the security vulnerabilities, threats, and countermeasures of WiMAX and LTE.

Novel WLL Architecture Based on Color Pixel Multiple Access Implemented on a Terrestrial Video Network as the Overlay

Light waves of different wavelengths and frequencies manifest in various colors. Color can be formulated electronically by video processing technologies for the purpose of multimedia, image processing and entertainment. Optoelectronic devices like DWDM use optical signals of various wave lengths for conveying data symbols from one end to other. The big question is: Is it feasible to implement color synthesized by the video systems for the purpose of telecommunications? In this paper we propose the ‘Color Pixel Multiple Access’ scheme for the radio access network and Color Pixel Multiplexing for core network, by implementing electronic color as a tool for addressing and bearing data overhead. The present day video systems that can generate millions of colors, in its electronic form have been utilized to set up a wireless network, serving mobile stations or computers as its nodes. The state of the art Wireless Local Loop deployments are based on the traditional cellular technologies. However there are limitations in terms of intricacy, cost and time to deploy .In this paper, the authors introduce a Wireless Local Loop architecture employing the proposed CPMA technique on existing overlay video/television network. Further we corroborate the advantages.

Performance Analysis of CDMA WLL Systems with Imperfect Power Control and Imperfect Sectorization

Wireless local loop (WLL) provides reliable, flexible, and economical access to the local telephone service using radio technology in the place of traditional wireline. In this paper, an analytical model is derived to evaluate the effect of both imperfect power control and imperfect sectorization on the performance of code division multiple access (CDMA) WLL systems. The results show that the capacity degradation, due to imperfect power control, is about 25.8% and 11.5% for single cell and multiple cell systems, respectively. Increasing the overlapping angle from to causes the capacity gain to decrease from 6 to 5.53, while the corresponding sectorization efficiency drops from 100% to 92.3%.