The structure of the park of power transformers with a higher voltage of 6-10 Kv on the example of the electric grid organization of the branch of pjsc «Rosseti center»-«Orelenergo», serving rural electric networks

THE PURPOSE. Evaluation of the power transformer fleet 6-10/0,23-0,4 kV on the example of a branch of PJSC «Rosseti Center»-«Orelenergo».METHODS. In the work, based on the database of the branch of PJSC «Rosseti Center»-«Orelenergo», an analysis was made of the fleet of power transformers with a higher voltage of 6-10 kV in terms of their number, circuits and groups of connection of windings, rated power, terms of service, as well as energy efficiency classes, taking into account the current standards of the technical organization of PJSC «Rosseti».RESULTS. According to the results of the study, it was revealed that among the transformer fleet of the branch of PJSC «Rosseti Center»-«Orelenergo», the number of which is 6026 units, 4528 (73% of the total number) transformers have a circuit and a group of winding connections Y/Y0. The most numerous are transformers with rated capacities of 63 kVA, 100 kVA, 160 kVA, 250 kVA (respectively 853, 1454, 1252, 802 pieces of equipment). It was also revealed that only 268 transformers out of 6206, i.e. 4.3% of the total amount comply with the standard of PJSC «Rosseti» in terms of modern requirements for the level of energy efficiency class.CONCLUSION. A variant of the strategy for replacing power transformers in the branch of PJSC «Rosseti Center»-«Orelenergo» is proposed, within the framework of which trasformers with a given design, circuit and winding connection group, rated capacities and energy efficiency classes are replaced. The implementation of the strategy proposed in the work will make it possible to reduce total electricity losses by 2.3%, as well as increase the share of energy-efficient transformers from 4.3% to 20.4% in the branch of PJSC «Rosseti Center»-«Orelenergo».

Current concepts from diagnosis to management in Gorham–Stout disease: a systematic narrative review of about 350 cases

Patients with Gorham–Stout disease (GSD) present progressive destruction and resorption of bone. Typical bone-related symptoms include swelling, pain and functional impairment in the region involved. The three aspects of GSD etiopathology are osteoclasts, angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis and osteoblast function. Multi-targeted pharmacological approach includes innovative options and represent milestones of treatment, sometimes associated with radiotherapy. Surgery is mainly used to treat complications: pathologic/impending fractures, spinal instability or deformities and chylothorax. In this narrative review, we highlight current standards in diagnosis, clinical management and therapeutic strategies.

The Dependence of Durability and Deformation of Elements of Soil Cement Composite with Carbonate White Soil Mixture on Age

The results of an experimental study of changes in strength and deformability during the period of time subjected to short-term loading of elements made of a soil-cement composite based on white soil (belozems) of carbonate composition are discussed. Research was carried out in accordance with current standards, as well as a well-known method that has been repeatedly tested earlier. To assess the experimentally established data, the results of similar studies by other authors, carried out applying elements from soil-cement based on clay soils, as well as from lightweight concrete on lithoid pumice (volcanic rock), are also presented. On the basis of the comparative analyzes of the experimentally established data, conclusions are formulated. The consideration of those may be useful both for the estimation of optimal schedules of the construction of buildings from a soil-cement composite, and for the assessment of their stress-strain state.

Approach to Define the Reliability of Safety-Related Machine Learning Based Functions in Highly Automated Driving

Current standards cannot cover the safety requirements of machine learning based functions used in highly automated driving. Because of the opacity of neural networks, some self-driving functions cannot be developed following the V-model. These functions require the expansion of the standards. This paper focuses on this gap and defines functional reliability for such functions to help the future standards control the quality of machine learning based functions. As an example, reliability functions for pedestrian detection are built. Since the quality criteria in computer vision do not consider safety, new approaches for expression and evaluation of this reliability are designed.

ENSURING THE SAFETY OF METAL STRUCTURES IN CONSTRUCTION

The author considers the main methods of fire protection for residential and public buildings and structures. The efficiency of metal structures is analyzed, the latest methods of corrosion and fire protection of metal structures are selected. For the plastering, cladding and coating methods, a table of the required thickness in relation to the fire resistance limits was compiled. Based on this table, graphical and empirical dependences for the 30k1 I-beam column are constructed, showing the dependence of temperature on time and the limits of fire resistance on the reduced coating thickness. According to the graphic data, the most economical method of fire protection was chosen, but the resulting deflections exceed the limit according to current standards.

AN OVERVIEW OF THE IMPACT OF STRAY LIGHT FROM COMMERCIAL GREENHOUSES

Stray light from commercial greenhouses is becoming a significant problem causing disruption to wildlife activity and annoyance for local residents. To quantify the amount of stray light from a typical large greenhouse the authors have modelled several lighting installations based on a range of generic horticultural light sources. The impact of the stray light is dependent on the spectral power distribution of the sources employed, the intensity and distribution. Current standards for obtrusive light from outdoor work places do not seem to be suitable when applied to greenhouses.

Compressibility and consolidation properties of Santos soft clay near Barnabé Island

A geotechnical study based on characterization tests and seventy incremental loading onedimensional consolidation tests was carried out on high-quality undisturbed samples taken from Santos Harbor Channel subsoil near to Barnabé Island, where a pilot embankment was built. The characterization profiles revealed a stratigraphy following the pattern described by Massad (2009), with a 9 m-thick fluvial-lagoon-bay sediments (SFL) clay layer. The consolidation tests were performed following two loading criteria. In criterion A (series one tests), a new loading was applied whenever the strain rate (ε) reached 10-6 s-1, the highest integer power of 10 after the “end of primary” consolidation for double drained 2 cm-thick specimens. In criterion B (series two tests), the standard procedure of 24 hour-long stages was adopted. Criterion A reduced the total duration of the consolidation tests from ten to about three days. The preconsolidation (yield) stress (σ’p) and the compressibility parameters Cc and Cr obtained from “e versus σ’v (log)” compression curves of all tests are provided. Series two tests showed that the 24-hour “e versus σ’v (log)” compression curves are translated to the left of the ε = 10-6 s-1 “e versus σ’v (log)” compression curves, keeping Cr and Cc average values unchanged, but decreasing σ’p by about 8%. The SFL clay Cc/(1+e0) values obtained herein are higher than those presented by Massad (2009) due to the higher-quality samples tested in this study. It is shown that it is feasible to carry out a high-quality laboratory test program for design purposes following current standards.

Development of a methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of financial policies of companies

Subject. This article presents an analysis of the essence of financial policy as a factor of effective development of companies. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the implemented financial policy of companies is a significant scientific and practical problem. It determines the choice of the main criteria used to calculate the financial policy effectiveness. Objectives. The article aims to develop a comprehensive methodology for assessing the effectiveness of financial policy of companies in modern conditions, and define criteria for its evaluation. Methods. The Due Diligence approach is the basis for solving the research tasks: comparing the current standards and methods for assessing the financial policy of companies and simplifying its implementation through the proposed method of multivariate coefficient analysis. Results. The article offers a comprehensive approach to assessing the effectiveness of financial policy, considering electric power companies as a case study. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the use to increase the investment attractiveness of companies that are considered as potential investment objects. Conclusions. The research proposes a methodology for assessing the financial policy of companies based on a multivariate, customizable system of financial coefficients. An indicator of the effectiveness of financial policy of companies was calculated. It can be recommended for practical application. The obtained results of evaluating the effectiveness of financial policy can be used by the companies’ management to make management decisions, investors to choose the best investment option, market participants to rank companies by efficiency, and determine industry benchmarks.

Proportional and Structural Analysis of the Historical Truss of Church of St. Bartholomew in Mladočov

The researched truss of the Gothic Church of St. Bartholomew in the village of Mladočov is one of the examples of the use of the historical Czech length units of measurement; in this case, the Gothic and Baroque part of it. At the same time, it analyzes the proportional relationships between the individual elements of the truss. The structural analysis in relation to current standards points to the fact that the original design of the structure based on geometrical and proportional principles satisfy the reliability conditions defined by current European standards for structural design.

The Comparison of Kte-X19 to Current Standards of Care: A Pre-Specified Synthetic Control Study Utilizing Individual Patient Level Data from Historic Clinical Trials (SCHOLAR-3)

Background: The ZUMA-3 trial of KTE-X19 in relapsed/refractory (r/r) adult B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) utilizes a single arm design. To contextualize these results, a synthetic control (SC) study derived from individual patient-level data (IPD) sampled from historical clinical trials (CTs) was constructed. Aims: To compare the overall survival (OS) and objective complete response rate at week 24 (OCR24) results of the ZUMA-3 pivitol study using a matched (SC) derived from IPD from CTs. Methods: This study had two distinct phases: firstly, CTs from which patients were sampled were identified using the medidata enterprise data store (MEDS). The second phase of this study constructed SCs to the ZUMA-3 population, one SC for patients naïve to blinatumomab (blin) or inotuzuamab (ino) therapy (SCA-1) and one in blin or ino pre-treated patients (SCA-2). All analysis were pre-specified and conducted by an external third party to Kite Pharma. For the trial identification phase, the MEDS database was searched to identify CTs that had inclusion and exlusion criteria congruent with ZUMA-3 and treatment assignments representative of current standards of care inclusive of blin, ino or chemotherapy regimens. Once appropriate CTs had been identified the endpoints were re-engineerd to match the same defintions as the ZUMA-3 trial. For the SC construction phase, propensity score (PS) matching was used. The PS was derived as a function of the number of previous lines of therapy, prior allo-SCT, age, sex, ECOG, Philadelphia chromosome status, percentage bone marrow blasts and extramedullary disease. For outcomes analysis, time-to-event endpoints of interest were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using a Cox proportional hazard regression model. OCR rate was described through crude incidence rates and corresponding 95% CI. ln addition, an odds ratio together with associated 95% CI and 2-sided p-value were estimated from a logistic regression model. Results A total of 20 SCA-1 patients were matched to 20 patients from ZUMA-3 and a total 20 SCA-2 patients were matched to 29 patients from ZUMA-3. Analysis of the SCA-1 cohort shows an OCR24 of 85% (95% CI 62.1%, 96.8%) in the Zuma-3 patients and 35.0% (95% CI 15.4, 59.2) among propensity matched controls. This corresponds to an OR of 10.5 (95% CI 2.3, 48.7; p-value 0.0031). No OCR24 data was available for SCA-2. A post hoc analysis was conducted in order to further contextualize the OCR24 rate. ZUMA-3 patients irrespective if they had been pre-treated with blin or ino were matched to patients from HCTs who were previously naïve to blin or ino therapy (SCA-3). The OCR24 rate in the ZUMA-3 arm was 69.8% (95% CI 55.7%, 81.7%) while for SCA-3 patients was 35.8% (95% CI 23.1%, 50.2%) meaning that ZUMA-3 patients had 4.1 times higher odds of achieving OCR in comparison to SCA-3 patients (95% CI 1.8, 9.3) p-value 0.0009. The comparison of overall survival (OS) between all matched ZUMA-3 and all SCA patients demonstrated a significantly higher median OS of 18.20 months (95% CI 12.22, NE months) for patients in ZUMA-3 versus 5.49 months (95% CI 3.32, 9.23 months) in SCA-3. A cox regression model showed that ZUMA-3 patients had a 64% lower risk of death with a hazard ratio 0.36 (95% CI 0.20, 0.66) p-value 0.0005. Conclusion: This comparative study demonstrated a clinically relevant improvement of OCR24 and OS following KTE-X19 vs available therapies and provides strong evidence for its use in adult patients with R/R B-ALL Disclosures Shah: Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Servier Genetics: Other; BeiGene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Incyte: Research Funding; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Expenses, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics/Janssen: Honoraria, Other: Expenses; Acrotech/Spectrum: Honoraria; Pfizer: Consultancy, Other: Expenses; Amgen: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy, Other: Expenses; Bristol-Myers Squibb/Celgene: Consultancy, Other: Expenses; Precision Biosciences: Consultancy; Adaptive Biotechnologies: Consultancy. Faghmous: Kite A Gilead Company: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Whitmore: Kite, A Gilead Company: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Masouleh: GSK: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Kite, A Gilead Company: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Immatics: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Roche: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Novartis: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Xu: Gilead Sciences: Other: stock or other ownership ; Kite, A Gilead Company: Current Employment.