Medium and Long-Term Returns to Professional Education in Switzerland: Explaining Differences between Occupational Fields

In Switzerland, initial vocational education and training graduates may enter a track of the tertiary system called professional education. Professional education represents about one-third of the tertiary system, includes numerous vocational training courses, and prepares for managerial or expert positions. Despite its prevalence, the long-term returns to professional education have rarely been investigated due to lacking data. In order to fill this gap, we will estimate the long-term returns to professional education based on a novel methodological design. Secondly, we aim to explain the differences in the returns to professional education between occupational fields by making use of the task-based approach of Autor, Levy and Murnane (2003). Analyses are based on the Swiss Labour Force Survey from 1991–2016. Based on a quasi-panel with cohort fixed effects and on linear regression models, our results reveal average short-term returns to professional education of 7% and long-term returns of 11%. However, we find considerable differences in the returns between training fields, which can partly be attributed to differences in the change of task composition after completion of professional education between occupations.

Research on Permeability Coefficient about Tertiary System Sandstone of Humaling Tunnel

Constant flow pumping test is finished in the 7th shaft tunnel of Humaling,based on the measured data,permeability coefficient of tertiary system sandstone is calculated by using Boulton formula wiring method,lining method and water level recovery method.The value is 0.14～0.23 m/d,Providing a reliable basis for further engineering application.Compared this data with that permeability coefficient calculated by J.Dupuit method when pumping stability.The conclusion is that there have a critical value,the latter numerical value greater than the former when the distance of observation well and pumping well less than critical value,and gradually become smaller than the former with the distance of observation well and pumping well increase and greater than critical value.