scholarly journals Medium and Long-Term Returns to Professional Education in Switzerland: Explaining Differences between Occupational Fields

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-153
Author(s):  
Fabian Sander ◽  
Irene Kriesi
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Tertiary System ◽  
And Training

In Switzerland, initial vocational education and training graduates may enter a track of the tertiary system called professional education. Professional education represents about one-third of the tertiary system, includes numerous vocational training courses, and prepares for managerial or expert positions. Despite its prevalence, the long-term returns to professional education have rarely been investigated due to lacking data. In order to fill this gap, we will estimate the long-term returns to professional education based on a novel methodological design. Secondly, we aim to explain the differences in the returns to professional education between occupational fields by making use of the task-based approach of Autor, Levy and Murnane (2003). Analyses are based on the Swiss Labour Force Survey from 1991–2016. Based on a quasi-panel with cohort fixed effects and on linear regression models, our results reveal average short-term returns to professional education of 7% and long-term returns of 11%. However, we find considerable differences in the returns between training fields, which can partly be attributed to differences in the change of task composition after completion of professional education between occupations.

scholarly journals Secondary vocational education: possible future scenarios and development prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Blinov ◽  
L. N. Kurteeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Secondary Vocational Education ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
And Training

Long-term socio-economic development forecast of the Russian Federation for the period till 2030 specifies that the main barriers in the implementation of innovative and accelerated scenarios are caused by the shortage of world-competitive professional personnel both at the level of corporations and public administration, the inefficiency of coordination mechanisms. This study is aimed at studying the readiness and possibilities of the system of vocational education and training of the Russian Federation to respond to external challenges, taking into account scenarios of the long-term forecast of the social and economic development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2035. The study is also aimed at creating scientific, organizational and methodological conditions for the positive modernization of the professional education and training system of the Russian Federation on the basis of regional development strategies, which will allow implementing measures to develop infrastructure, personnel potential, create modern conditions for the implementation of professional educational programs. The study presents predictive scenarios of the development of secondary vocational education, gives their characteristics, and identifies risks and advantages. The presented scenarios allow us to determine the socio-economic potential of vocational education, to determine the goals and objectives in its development.

scholarly journals STRATEGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE IN DESIGNING ONLINE TRAINING COURSES

2020 ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
Игорь Давыдович Лельчицкий ◽  
Тамара Алексеевна Голубева ◽  
Павел Валерьевич Кратович
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
International Project ◽  
European Experience ◽  
Professional Development Of Teachers ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
And Training

Представлена методология международного проекта Erasmus+ «Повышение квалификации преподавателей профессионального образования и обучения по Европейским практикам» (Pro-VET). Осуществленный сравнительный анализ подходов европейских стран-партнеров к повышению квалификации преподавателей профессионального образования и обучения позволил сформулировать цели и задачи проекта в контексте готовности педагогических работников к разработке онлайн-курсов и встраивании их в учебный процесс. The methodology of the international project Erasmus+ «Professional development of teachers of professional education and training in European practices» (Pro-VET) is presented. The comparative analysis of European approaches and partner countries to professional development of teachers of vocational education and training allowed us to formulate project parameters in the context of the readiness of teachers to develop and implement online courses.

Athletes Play Through Pain—What Does That Mean for Rehabilitation Specialists?

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 640-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Barrette ◽  
Katherine Harman
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Sport Organization ◽  
The University ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Competitive Nature ◽  
And Training ◽  
Insight Into

Context: Pain in sport has been normalized to the point where athletes are expected to ignore pain and remain in the game despite the possible detrimental consequences associated with playing through pain. While rehabilitation specialists may not have an influence on an athlete’s competitive nature or the culture of risk they operate in, understanding the consequences of those factors on an athlete’s physical well-being is definitely in their area of responsibility. Objective: To explore the factors associated with the experiences of subelite athletes who play through pain in gymnastics, rowing, and speed skating. Design: The authors conducted semistructured interviews with subelite athletes, coaches, and rehabilitation specialists. They recruited coach participants through their provincial sport organization. Athletes of the recruited coaches who were recovering from a musculoskeletal injury and training for a major competition were then recruited. They also recruited rehabilitation specialists who were known to treat subelite athletes independently by e-mail. Setting: An observation session was conducted at the athlete’s training facility. Interviews were then conducted either in a room at the university or at a preferred sound-attenuated location suggested by the participant. Participants: The authors studied 5 coaches, 4 subelite athletes, and 3 rehabilitation specialists. Interventions: The authors photographed athletes during a practice shortly before an important competition, and we interviewed all the participants after that competition. Our photographs were used during the interview to stimulate discussion. Results: The participant interviews revealed 3 main themes related to playing through pain. They are: Listening to your body, Decision making, and Who decides. Conclusion: When subelite athletes, striving to be the best in their sport continue to train with the pain of an injury, performance is affected in the short-term and long-term consequences are also possible. Our study provides some insight into the contrasting forces that athletes balance as they decide to continue or to stop.

Recent Framework of TVET Teacher Education in a Country on the Path to Reform

2018 ◽  
pp. 498-519
Author(s):  
Frank Bünning ◽  
Ulrike Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Career Option ◽  
Training Research ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
And Training

This chapter discussed TVET teacher education in Myanmar on the threshold of the 21st century; a qualitative analysis of the present state of the art. Recent status of Myanmar's TVET system was highlighted and the chapter strongly maintained that qualified and motivated teachers and instructors are key for effective learning and are as well at the heart of TVET quality. The chapter provided a comprehensive problem scenario with regard to TVET teacher training; to mention a few, that there is a low awareness for the relevance of TVET in general and with respect to its potential to develop a country's skilled and semi-skilled workers. In comparison to university degrees, graduating from training courses at vocational institutions is not perceived as a valuable career option. Lastly, this chapter attempts to add to the collection of vocational education and training research by consulting a case in Myanmar – a country which currently possesses only a sparse amount of data in this field.

Recent Framework of TVET Teacher Education in a Country on the Path to Reform

2017 ◽  
pp. 85-106
Author(s):  
Frank Bünning ◽  
Ulrike Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Career Option ◽  
Training Research ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
And Training

This chapter discussed TVET teacher education in Myanmar on the threshold of the 21st century; a qualitative analysis of the present state of the art. Recent status of Myanmar's TVET system was highlighted and the chapter strongly maintained that qualified and motivated teachers and instructors are key for effective learning and are as well at the heart of TVET quality. The chapter provided a comprehensive problem scenario with regard to TVET teacher training; to mention a few, that there is a low awareness for the relevance of TVET in general and with respect to its potential to develop a country's skilled and semi-skilled workers. In comparison to university degrees, graduating from training courses at vocational institutions is not perceived as a valuable career option. Lastly, this chapter attempts to add to the collection of vocational education and training research by consulting a case in Myanmar – a country which currently possesses only a sparse amount of data in this field.

scholarly journals Detecting Mortality Trends in the Netherlands Across 625 Causes of Death

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Mitratza ◽  
Anton E. Kunst ◽  
Jan W. P. F. Kardaun
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Term Trend ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Cubic Model ◽  
Long Term Trend

Cause of death (COD) data are essential to public health monitoring and policy. This study aims to determine the proportion of CODs, at ICD-10 three-position level, for which a long-term or short-term trend can be identified, and to examine how much the likelihood of identifying trends varies with COD size. We calculated annual age-standardized counts of deaths from Statistics Netherlands for the period 1996–2015 for 625 CODs. We applied linear regression models to estimate long-term trends, and outlier analysis to detect short-term changes. The association of the likelihood of a long-term trend with COD size was analyzed with multinomial logistic regression. No long-term trend could be demonstrated for 216 CODs (34.5%). For the remaining 409 causes, a trend could be detected, following a linear (211, 33.8%), quadratic (126, 20.2%) or cubic model (72, 11.5%). The probability of detecting a long-term trend increased from about 50% at six mean annual deaths, to 65% at 22 deaths and 75% at 60 deaths. An exceptionally high or low number of deaths in a single year was found for 16 CODs. When monitoring long-term mortality trends, one could consider a much broader range of causes of death, including ones with a relatively low number of annual deaths, than commonly used in condensed lists.

scholarly journals Substitute or complement? The use of trade credit as a financing source among SMEs

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darush Yazdanfar ◽  
Peter Öhman
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
System Models ◽  
Accounts Payable ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Retained Earnings

Purpose This study aims to investigate trade credit as a financing source among small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), particularly the influence of short-term debt, long-term debt and profitability on the use of such credit. Design/methodology/approach Ordinary least squares (OLS), fixed-effects and generalized method of moments (GMM) system models were used to analyze a large cross-sectional panel data set of 15,897 Swedish SMEs in five industry sectors for the 2009-2012 period. Findings The study provides empirical evidence that long-term debt and profitability each significantly and negatively influence trade credit (i.e. accounts payable) and that short-term debt positively influences trade credit. Notably, while trade credit seems to complement other short-term debt, it replaces long-term debt. Moreover, firm size in terms of sales is positively related and firm age is negatively related to accounts payable. Industry affiliation is another significant explanatory variable. Practical implications The results provide debt holders, potential investors, policymakers and academic researchers with insights into the relationship between trade credit demand, on the one hand, and external financing (i.e. short- and long-term debt) and internal retained earnings (i.e. profit), on the other. From a manager’s perspective, the findings may be important for decision-making regarding trade credit use. Originality/value When investigating trade credit determinants, the literature has seldom distinguished between short- and long-term debt and considered that they may influence the use of trade credit in different ways. The present study adds to the literature by using OLS, fixed-effects and GMM system models to analyze a large cross-sectoral sample in a high-tax country where both bank loans and trade credit are considered important financing instruments.

The shape of Aboriginal learning and work opportunities in desert regions

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Metta Young ◽  
John Guenther
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Desert Regions ◽  
And Training

Abstract Education is one of the most powerful instruments for reducing poverty and inequality, and lays a foundation for sustained economic growth. Aboriginal peoples of Australia experience ‘overwhelming’ disadvantages across every indicator of social and economic well being when compared with non-Aboriginal peoples. This disadvantage is experienced across all sectors of education, and although Aboriginal students are participating at high rates in vocational education and training, their pass rates and qualification outcomes remain well below those of non-Aboriginal Australians. This paper maps the participation and outcomes for Aboriginal desert dwellers in the vocational education and training sector and relates these to factors such as: (1) compulsory school access, (2) remote area labour markets, (3) the state of housing and infrastructure on discrete desert settlements, and (4) the policy and program initiatives influencing land tenure, income security and labour force status. The provision of education services across desert regions epitomises the tensions generated when the drivers of desert living – remoteness, dispersed sparse and mobile populations, variable climate, geography, cultures, languages and histories – interact with the differing factors that shape mainstream vocational education. Although innovations in program delivery more consistent with learner needs and aspirations can and do emerge, they are often framed as pilot projects or materialise in parallel program interventions such as youth work or land care. This paper explores the nature of these tensions and identifies the characteristics of educational interventions that can improve outcomes for Aboriginal desert dwellers no matter where they choose to live.

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