A Systematic Survey of Multiprocessor Real-Time Scheduling and Synchronization Protocol

Background: Nowadays, there is an immense increase in the demand for high power computation of real-time workloads and the trend towards multi-core and multiprocessor CPUs. The real-time system needs to be implemented upon multiprocessor platforms. Introduction: The nature of processors in an embedded real-time system is changing day by day. The two most significant challenges in a multiprocessor environment are scheduling and synchronization. The popularity of real-time multi-core systems has exploded in recent years, driving the rapid development of a variety of methods for multiprocessor scheduling of essential tasks, on the other hand, these systems have constraints when it comes to maintaining synchronization in order to access shared resources. Method: This research work presents a systematic review of different existing scheduling algorithms and synchronization protocols for shared resources in a real-time multiprocessor environment. The manuscript also presents a study based on various metrics of resource scheduling and comparison among different resource scheduling techniques. Result and Conclusion: The survey classifies open issues, key challenges, and likely useful research directions. Finally, we accept that there is still a lot of capacity in getting better resource management and further maintaining the overall quality. The paper considers such a future path of research in this field.

Affinity multiprocessor scheduling considering communications and synchronizations using a Multiobjective Iterated Local Search algorithm

This article studies the affinity scheduling problem in multicore computing systems, considering the minimization of communications and synchronizations. The problem consists in assigning a set of tasks to resources to minimize the overall execution time of the set of tasks and the execution time required to compute the schedule. A Multiobjective Iterated Local Search method is proposed to solve the studied affinity scheduling problem, which considers the different times required for communication and synchronization of tasks executing on different cores of a multicore computer. The experimental evaluation of the proposed scheduling method is performed over realistic instances of the scheduling problem, considering a set of common benchmark applications from the parallel scientific computing field, and a modern multicore platform from National Supercomputing Center, Uruguay. The main results indicate that the proposed multiobjective Iterated Local Search method improves up to 21.6% over the traditional scheduling techniques (a standard Round Robin and a Greedy scheduler)