A comparative study of permeability prediction for Eocene sandstones - Part 1: Application of modified Swanson models to MICP and NMR data

The mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) method and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry provide insight into the pore radius distribution (PRD) either of pore throats (MICP) or pore bodies (NMR) of rocks. A variety of permeability (k) prediction models is based on the knowledge of the PRD. We evaluate the quality of k-prediction models using a sample set of Eocene sandstones with known values of measured permeability. The Swanson method relates the apex point of the capillary pressure curve to k. Although this widely acknowledged method uses only a single point of the PRD, it provides a predictive quality with an average ratio between measured and predicted permeability lower than a factor 3. The pore throat radius of the apex point proves to be a good proxy of the effective hydraulic radius. We demonstrate that an improved k prediction can be achieved if a larger section of the PRD is considered in the proposed generalized model. Using reliable values of surface relaxivity, the NMR relaxation time distribution is transformed into a PRD. We show that a characteristic apex point can be determined from NMR data, too. This characteristic point enables a good k prediction for the set of Eocene sandstone samples. In contrast to MICP, the predictive quality cannot be improved by applying an integration over a larger section of the PRD. Further test with samples of different pore structure and lithology should demonstrate the potential of the proposed models.

Examination of Thermal and Electrical Performance of Cassegrain Concentrator System

The sun oriented power (SP) is a one of a kind renewable vitality innovation. SP frameworks can give control, water warming and water decontamination in one unit. This innovation will be to a great degree accommodating in enhancing the personal satisfaction for some individuals around the globe who do not have the vitality expected to carry on with a sound life. A financial allegorical dish sort Cassegrain concentrating framework was created at the foundation of Energy Studies, Anna University Chennai. An old microwave media transmission reception apparatus having a paraboloidal shape made in aluminum frames an essential reflector which guarantees effortlessness of generation and operation. The essential concentrator was settled with mirror cleaned stainless steel with reasonable cement .The optional concentrator is inward mirror .Suitable supporting structure was developed for supporting the cassegrain concentrator. Double hub following framework is mounted for adjusting the concentrator to azimuth and apex point by utilizing DC engine and direct actuator individually. Water goes about as working liquid to expel warm from .The tank is protected with thermocol material upheld with wooden structure on all sides to maintain a strategic distance from convection misfortunes. The material Cost for the framework was Rs 15000

Validation of a quantitative method for denning CAD/CAM socket modifications

A quantitative method was developed for defining manual socket modifications, averaging these modifications over a series of amputees, and using the average modifications as a template in commercial CAD/CAM systems. The CADVIEW programme (i.e. software for viewing and analysing CAD sockets) was rewritten to provide comparison functions for aligning sockets to a common axis, visualising the differences between sockets, generating modification outlines, assigning apex point values, and averaging the modification outlines. A CAD template generated in this manner should be the best general representation of a prosthetist's modification style. To test this hypothesis, 13 people with trans-tibial amputations were fitted with both a manual and a CAD/CAM socket. Questionnaires were completed by the subjects and by the prosthetist to obtain information on prosthetic comfort, function, and overall satisfaction. Ground reaction force and stride parameter data were also collected for each prosthesis during gait laboratory testing. No significant differences were found between the manually designed socket and the CAD/CAM designed socket for all data except the vertical peak forces on the amputated side. These results support the clinical application of this quantitative technique for making the transition from manual to CAD/CAM prosthetic modification procedures.