ORDINASI SUNGAI BIRU DESA TULUNGREJO KECAMATAN BUMIAJI KOTA BATU BERDASARKAN MAKROZOOBENTHOS

This research aim to make ordination of Blue Rivers on Dusun Wonorejo, Desa Tulungrejo, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu based on macrozoobenthos and environmental variable which support. The research is conducted in the early of February to mid of August. Items at the research consisting of macrozoobenthos community, water, environmental physical on Blur Rivers. Intake of some sample conducted in 15 sites which done only one intake as long as Blue River which representing reference site area. Way of intake of the makrozoobenthos sample are done with kicking sampling methods. Macrozoobenthos which had been taken would be identified and calculated as data sampling. Data analysis technique use CANOCO (“Canonical Community Ordination”) programs on 4.5 version for determining the ordination of ecology group based on makrozoobenthos. From data analysis use CANOCO to be got Blue River ordination from 15 sites that is A ordination counted 7 site that means are good condition proven by finding of Glossomatidae. B rdination counted 8 site that means are site that begin to degradation proven by finding of Simuliidae.

ФИТОИНДИКАЦИОННОЕ ОЦЕНИВАНИЕ ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ, ПОЛУЧЕННЫХ ПРИ МНОГОМЕРНОМ ШКАЛИРОВАНИИ СТРУКТУРЫ РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО СООБЩЕСТВА

<p>The purpose of our work is to carry out plant community ordination by means of multidimensional scaling to reveal optimum ways of preliminary transformation of data and the similarity/dissimilarity measure, to identify multidimensional dimensions in terms of edafic properties and phytoindicator scales and to reveal character of interrelations of matrixes of plant community, phytoindicator scales and edafic properties. The received results testify that edafic and climatic scales matrixes bear the complementary information on edaphotop properties and possibly climatop. Most possibly that climatic scales at large-scale level bear the specific information on properties of environment. It is difficult to confirm, whether character of this information to adequate nominative properties of a scale at macrolevel is. But with confidence it is possible to say that climatic phytoindicator scales allow to differentiate ecological conditions in biogeocoenosis at large-scale level. Thus, at the given stage we tend to phenomenological interpretation of value of climatic phytoindicator scales at large-scale level.</p> <p><em>Keywords</em><em>: multidimensional scaling, community structure, phytoindicator scales, Mantel test</em></p>

Phytoplankton of Sudbury Area Lakes (Ontario) and Relationships with Acidification Status

Phytoplankton data from samples collected in July 1981 from 111 lakes in the Sudbury area were analyzed by canonical community ordination analysis and other techniques to reveal associations of taxa which were related to environmental gradients among the lakes. Phytoplankton data from a group of seven lakes sampled in the mid-1970's or early 1980's and in the mid-1980's were analyzed for evidence of temporal change. In both data sets, factors related to trophic status and acidification status were inferred to be important controlling variables. For example, desmid genera fell into two general groupings, one typical of clear-water, nutrient-poor, low-alkalinity lakes (e.g. species of Micrasterias, Bambusina, Euastrum, Spondylosium) and the other representing lakes higher in nutrients and alkalinity (e.g. species of Teilingia, Closterium, Xanthidium, Staurastrum). This latter group also included several chlorophytes (Ulothrix, Schroederia, Scenedesmus) and euglenoids (Euglena, Phacus). Well-defined relationships existed between lake alkalinity, pH, and total numbers of phytoplankton taxa. The smaller data set included lakes subjected to recent decreases in acid deposition and corresponding increases in pH over a 10-yr interval, and the increased numbers of phytoplankton taxa were indicative of recovery from earlier acidification.