Watermarking in 3D Models Using Depth Path

This paper presents a 3D watermarking model based on the nearest distance between two vertices in mesh, where the embedding path moves as deep as possible until the embedding data is completed. The proposed algorithm achieved good results according to invisibility and robustness. The visibility was measured in termof Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Hausdroff Distance (HD), which obtained good results. As related to robustness, the proposed method showed resistance to geometrical attack (translation, scaling and rotation) as well as acceptable resistance to signal processing attacks like noise addition and simplification.

Review on Different Types of 3D Watermarking

In this paper, an attempt has been made to summarise the work done related to 3D watermarking in past years. Here, the different types of watermarking methodology for 3D models have been presented. Focus on the 3D watermarking is ensured, ranging from the earliest time till present, regarding their nature and robustness against various attacks.

An Improved Security 3D Watermarking Method Using Computational Integral Imaging Cryptosystem

Robustness and security are difficult to be solved by conventional two-dimensional (2D) digital watermarking technology. In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) digital watermarking has become a new hotspot in optical information security. This paper presents a new improved security 3D digital watermarking method based on computational integrated imaging cryptosystem. Firstly, 3D digital watermarking is generated and encrypted by computational integral imaging cryptosystem that is implemented with smart pseudoscopic-to-orthoscopic conversion (SPOC) model. Secondly, discrete wavelet transform algorithm is applied to embed and extract the 3D digital watermarking. Finally, the extracted watermark is decrypted, and3D digital watermarking is displayed by integral imaging system. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by experiment. A primary implication of encrypted processing is that the majority of integral imaging cryptosystem will be encryption-in-the-loop applications, and the majority of system will improve the security and robustness of 3D digital watermarking. The new method is able to meet the requirements of robustness and security. Image quality and display quality achieve these criterions of the human visual model. The proposed method can be applied in the aspects of cloud computing and big data.

3D Watermarking Approach Using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

This work proposes a watermarking approach by utilizing the use of Bio-Inspired techniques such as swarm intelligent in optimizing watermarking algorithms for 3D models. In this proposed work we present an approach of 3D mesh model watermarking by introducing a new robust 3D mesh watermarking authentication methods by ensuring a minimal surface distortion at the same time ensuring a high robustness of extracted watermark. In order to achieve these requirements this work proposes the use of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) as Bio-Inspired optimization techniques. The experiments were executed using different sets of 3D models. In all experimental results we consider two important factors: imperceptibility and robustness. The experimental results show that the proposed approach yields a watermarked object with good visual definition; at the same time, the embedded watermark was robust against a wide variety of common attacks.

ANALISIS METODE CONNECTED VERTICES CLUSTERING AND STAR TOPOLOGY PADA SERANGAN GEOMETRI TERHADAP WATERMARKING OBJEK 3D

Dalam usaha untuk melindungi hak cipta dan keaslian dari suatu objek tiga dimensi, diperlukan sebuah algoritma untuk menyisipkan informasi rahasia yang tidak nampak oleh indera penglihatan manusia namun dapat dideteksi dengan menggunakan suatu media, misalnya komputer. Oleh karena itu watermark menjadi sebuah solusi terbaik untuk permasalahan tersebut. Metode yang digunakan untuk menanamkan watermark ke dalam objek 3 dimensi adalah metode connected vertices clustering and topology star, dimana sebuah objek 3 dimensi dibagi-bagi menjadi beberapa topologi star berdasarkan vertex vertex-nya yang saling terhubung. Dari topologi star ini dipilih edge-edge untuk disisipi informasi watermark dan dengan menggunakan sebuah PN sequensial dipilih edge yang vertex-nya disisipi oleh watermark. Hasil yang diperoleh dari simulasi sitem watermarking ini adalah didapat sebuah skema penanaman watermark dengan kualitas imperceptibility yang baik karena memiliki nilai BER dan VER yang mendekati 0 serta nilai SNR yang besar. Selain itu watermark dapat diekstrak dengan sangat baik setelah diberi serangan rotasi, scaling, translasi, serta kombinasi serangan scaling dan translasi dengan nilai BER 0. Skema ini tidak robust terhadap serangan cropping.Kata Kunci: object 3D, watermarking, star topology, connected vertices clustering