The review describes the history of the study of mental processes, the significance of the development of neuro-anatomy and pathology, neurology and psychiatry, as well as the opposition organic and functional representations in psychosomatics. The authors define the role of body-oriented bio-energy therapy, emotions, sympathetic and parasympathetic systems in the neuroses and psychoses. It is established the place of osteopa-thy, chiropractics in the correction of the musculoskeletal system disorders. The authors emphasize the impor-tance of psychosomatic approaches in holistic medicine and identify the significance of the International Classification of Diseases 10th revision in the systematization of neurotic disorders, borderline conditions. The review shows the role of emotions, emotional reactions on the autonomic-endocrine basis in causing stress.