Low-Profile Slotted Metamaterial Antenna Based on Bi Slot Microstrip Patch for 5G Application

A low-profile high-directivity, and double-negative (DNG) metamaterial-loaded antenna with a slotted patch is proposed for the 5G application. The radiated slotted arm as a V shape has been extended to provide a low-profile feature with a two-isometric view square patch structure, which accelerates the electromagnetic (EM) resonance. Besides, the tapered patch with two vertically split parabolic horns and the unit cell metamaterial expedite achieve more directive radiation. Two adjacent splits with meta units enhance the surface current to modify the actual electric current, which is induced by a substrate-isolated EM field. As a result, the slotted antenna shows a 7.14 dBi realized gain with 80% radiation efficiency, which is quite significant. The operation bandwidth is 4.27–4.40 GHz, and characteristic impedance approximately remains the same (50 Ω) to give a VSWR (voltage Standing wave ratio) of less than 2, which is ideal for the expected application field. The overall size of the antenna is 60 × 40 × 1.52 mm. Hence, it has potential for future 5G applications, like Internet of Things (IoT), healthcare systems, smart homes, etc.

Generation of Three-Dimensional Image of Objects Submerged in Murky Water

This article presents the design and implementation of a novel method to generate 3D coordinates from the projection of a laser line over a solid object and the processing of the images obtained during scanning. The result obtained is a 3D model of an isometric view that provides the possibility of being seen from different perspectives under a virtual environment. The methodology is applied in the capture and reconstruction of 3D images of objects submerged in murky waters.